CH 30 Orthopedic Surgery
What is orthopedic surgery? - Answer-Specialization of the body's connective tissue; performed to treat
or correct injuries, congenital anomalies, and diseases of the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, or
muscles; restoring bone and joint function that has been lost or diminished because of traumatic injury
or disease
What is biomechanics? - Answer-The relationship between movement and biological or anatomical
structures
What is an orthopedic system? - Answer-A specific (usually patented) set of instruments and implants
used for orthopedic technique.
What are the two classifications of skeleton? - Answer-Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
What does the axial skeleton consist of? - Answer-Skull, face, ear bones, hyoid, sternum, vertebral
column, and ribs.
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of? - Answer-Clavicle, scapula, bones of the legs, feet,
hands, and hip bones
, How many main bones does the cranium consist of? How are they connected? - Answer-8 main bones
that are connected by tough connective tissue called sutures
What are sutures? - Answer-Tough connective tissue that connects main bones of the skull
How are the cranial bones fused at birth? - Answer-Loosely
How do you describe the sutures of the cranium during the prenatal phase? - Answer-Wide and soft,
which allow the head to mold as it passes through the birth canal.
What are fontanels? - Answer-Areas where the joint space is particularly wide, occur in the posterior
skull at the junction of the parietal and frontal bones
When do the posterior fontanels close? When do the anterior fontanels close? - Answer-Posterior
usually closes by 8 weeks of age; Anterior closes at 3 to 18 months of age
What percentage of total body weight does an infant skull account for? - Answer-25 percent
What are facial bones? - Answer-More complex, form the structure of the nasal sinus, orbit of the eye,
and jaw.
What is the mandible? - Answer-Lower jaw bone, only bone in skull that is freely movable
What are common sites of fracture in sports and motor vehicle accidents? - Answer-Zygoma and orbital
rim; usually repaired with small mesh plates
What is the surgical specialty consisting of reconstructive surgery of the face and cranium? - Answer-
Oromaxillofacial surgery; used to treat congenital malformations, as well as injuries or disease that
result in disfigurement and loss of function
What is orthopedic surgery? - Answer-Specialization of the body's connective tissue; performed to treat
or correct injuries, congenital anomalies, and diseases of the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, or
muscles; restoring bone and joint function that has been lost or diminished because of traumatic injury
or disease
What is biomechanics? - Answer-The relationship between movement and biological or anatomical
structures
What is an orthopedic system? - Answer-A specific (usually patented) set of instruments and implants
used for orthopedic technique.
What are the two classifications of skeleton? - Answer-Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
What does the axial skeleton consist of? - Answer-Skull, face, ear bones, hyoid, sternum, vertebral
column, and ribs.
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of? - Answer-Clavicle, scapula, bones of the legs, feet,
hands, and hip bones
, How many main bones does the cranium consist of? How are they connected? - Answer-8 main bones
that are connected by tough connective tissue called sutures
What are sutures? - Answer-Tough connective tissue that connects main bones of the skull
How are the cranial bones fused at birth? - Answer-Loosely
How do you describe the sutures of the cranium during the prenatal phase? - Answer-Wide and soft,
which allow the head to mold as it passes through the birth canal.
What are fontanels? - Answer-Areas where the joint space is particularly wide, occur in the posterior
skull at the junction of the parietal and frontal bones
When do the posterior fontanels close? When do the anterior fontanels close? - Answer-Posterior
usually closes by 8 weeks of age; Anterior closes at 3 to 18 months of age
What percentage of total body weight does an infant skull account for? - Answer-25 percent
What are facial bones? - Answer-More complex, form the structure of the nasal sinus, orbit of the eye,
and jaw.
What is the mandible? - Answer-Lower jaw bone, only bone in skull that is freely movable
What are common sites of fracture in sports and motor vehicle accidents? - Answer-Zygoma and orbital
rim; usually repaired with small mesh plates
What is the surgical specialty consisting of reconstructive surgery of the face and cranium? - Answer-
Oromaxillofacial surgery; used to treat congenital malformations, as well as injuries or disease that
result in disfigurement and loss of function
