PTA FSBPT Exam 566 terms with Complete Solutions.
ATP- PC Sytem - Correct Answer this energy system is used for atp production during
High intensity short duration exercise. Phosphocreatine decompeses and releases a
large amount of energy to construct ATP
How long does the ATP PC system provide energy for muscle contraction? - Correct
Answer 15 seconds
Phosphagen system represents most available source of ATP for muscle why? - Correct
Answer 1. it does not depend on a long series of chemical reactions
2. it does not depend on transporting the oxygen we breathe to the working muscles
3. both ATP and PC are stored directly within the contractile mechanisms of the muscle
Kinesiology: What is Anatomical Position? - Correct Answer Anatomical position is an
erect posture of the body with the face forward feet pointing forward and slightly apart,
arms at the side and palms forward with fingers and thums in extension. this is a point of
reference including for the cardinal planes and associated axes
Planes of the Body? - Correct Answer 3 Cardinal Planes: Frontal, sagittal, transverse.
Occur in 3 corresponding axes: anterior posterior, medial lateral, veritcal
Anaerobic Glycolysis? - Correct Answer An energy system which is a major supplier of
ATP during High Intensity workouts, short duration activities such as sprinting. Stored
glycogen is split into glucose and through glycolysis split again into pyruvic acid. this
energy is released to form ATP. This process results in the formations of lactic acid which
causes muscle fatigue
Anaerobic Glycolysis vs ATP-PC systems - Correct Answer Anerobic is 50% slower than
the phosphocreatine system. and can provide a person with 30 to 40 seconds of muscle
contraction. this is because
1.it does not require the presence of oxygen
2. it only uses carbohydrates ( glycogen and glucose)
3. it releases enough energy for the resyntheses of only small amounts of ATP
,Aerobic Metabolism - Correct Answer used predominantly during low intensity long
duration exercise such as a marathon
this system provides energy though oxidation of food: combination of fatty acids amino
acids and glucose with oxygen releases energy that forms ATP
Frontal plane or Coronal - Correct Answer Divides body into anterior and posterior
sections. Motions in the plane such as abduction and adduction occur around an anterior
posterior axis
Sagittal plane - Correct Answer This plane divides body into right and left sections.
Motions in this plane such as flexion extension occur aorund a medial lateral axis
Transverse Plane - Correct Answer The Transverse plane divides the body into upper and
lower sections. Motions in this plane are medial and lateral rotation which occur around a
vertical axis.
Fibrous joints are composed of? - Correct Answer Are composed of bones that are united
by fibrous tissue and are nonsynovial. Movement is minimal to none permitted at the joint
dependent on the length of the fibers uniting the bone.
Suture? - Correct Answer Union of two bones by a ligament or membrane
immovable joint
eventual fusion is termed synostosis
E,G: sagittal suture of the skull
Syndesmosis - Correct Answer E, g, Tibia and fibula with interosseous membrane
Bone connected to bone by a dens fibrous membrane or cord
very little motion
Gomphosis - Correct Answer E;G, Tooth in its socket
Two Boney sufaces connect as a peg in a hole
the teeth and corresponding sockets in the mandible/maxilla are the only gomphosis
joints in the body
,the periodontal membrane is the fibrouse componenet of the joint
Cartilaginous joints or Amphiarthroses? - Correct Answer this has hyaline cartilage or
fibrocartilage that connects one bone to another: they are slightly movable
Synchondrosis- E.g.? - Correct Answer E.g. : sternum and true rib articulation
1. Hyaline cartilage
2. cartilage adjoins two ossifying centers of bone
3. provides stability during growth
4. May ossify to a synostosis once growth is completed
5. Slight motion
Symphysis? E.g? 4 components? - Correct Answer E.G. pubic symphysis
1. generally located at the midline of the body
2. Two bones covered with hyaline cartilage
3. two bones connected by fibrocartilage
4. slight motion
Synovial joints or Diarthroses? - Correct Answer Define: Synovial joints provide free
movement between the bones they join. 5 distinguishing characteristics:
- Joint cavity -articular cartilage -synovial membrane - synovial fluid -and fibrous capsule.
Most complex and vulnerable to injury and are classified further by the type of movement
and shape of articulating bones
Uniaxial Joint, Motions? - Correct Answer 1 motion around a single axis in one plane of
the body
-Hinge ( ginglymus) elbow joint
-Pivot (trochoid) atlantoaxial joint
Biaxial Joint, Motions? - Correct Answer Movement occurs in two planes around two axes
through the convex/concave surfaces
, -Condyoid- metacarpophalangeal joint of a finger
-Saddle- carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Multi-axial joint, motions? - Correct Answer Movement occurs in three planes and around
three axes
-Plane ( gliding)- carpal joints
- Ball and socket - hip joint.
Note PG 48 & 50 for Table Labeling Actions & Movements per muscle groups. - Correct
Answer Head-spine-Upper extremity-lower extremity
MUSCLE USED IN: SHOULDER EXTENSION - Correct Answer LAT DORSI, POST.
DELT, TERES MAJOR
MUSCLE USED IN: SHOULDER ABDUCTION - Correct Answer MIDDLE DELT,
SUPRASPINATUS
Glenoid Labrum. what does it consist of? - Correct Answer It is a Fibro Cartilaginous
structure that serves to deepen the GLENOID FOSSA, and increase the size of articular
surface
The labrum consists of a dense fibrous connective tissue that is often damaged due to
recurrent shoulder instability
Joint Capsule- What are the Characteristics? - Correct Answer 1.this arises from the
glenoid fossa and the glenoid labrum to blend muscles of the rotator cuff.
2.the volume of the capsule is twice as large as the humeral head
3.the capsule is renforced by the glenohumeral ligaments and the coracohumeral
ligament
Subacromial Bursa: characteristics? - Correct Answer This Extends over the
supraspinatus tendon and distal muscle belly beneath the acromion and deltoid muscle
ATP- PC Sytem - Correct Answer this energy system is used for atp production during
High intensity short duration exercise. Phosphocreatine decompeses and releases a
large amount of energy to construct ATP
How long does the ATP PC system provide energy for muscle contraction? - Correct
Answer 15 seconds
Phosphagen system represents most available source of ATP for muscle why? - Correct
Answer 1. it does not depend on a long series of chemical reactions
2. it does not depend on transporting the oxygen we breathe to the working muscles
3. both ATP and PC are stored directly within the contractile mechanisms of the muscle
Kinesiology: What is Anatomical Position? - Correct Answer Anatomical position is an
erect posture of the body with the face forward feet pointing forward and slightly apart,
arms at the side and palms forward with fingers and thums in extension. this is a point of
reference including for the cardinal planes and associated axes
Planes of the Body? - Correct Answer 3 Cardinal Planes: Frontal, sagittal, transverse.
Occur in 3 corresponding axes: anterior posterior, medial lateral, veritcal
Anaerobic Glycolysis? - Correct Answer An energy system which is a major supplier of
ATP during High Intensity workouts, short duration activities such as sprinting. Stored
glycogen is split into glucose and through glycolysis split again into pyruvic acid. this
energy is released to form ATP. This process results in the formations of lactic acid which
causes muscle fatigue
Anaerobic Glycolysis vs ATP-PC systems - Correct Answer Anerobic is 50% slower than
the phosphocreatine system. and can provide a person with 30 to 40 seconds of muscle
contraction. this is because
1.it does not require the presence of oxygen
2. it only uses carbohydrates ( glycogen and glucose)
3. it releases enough energy for the resyntheses of only small amounts of ATP
,Aerobic Metabolism - Correct Answer used predominantly during low intensity long
duration exercise such as a marathon
this system provides energy though oxidation of food: combination of fatty acids amino
acids and glucose with oxygen releases energy that forms ATP
Frontal plane or Coronal - Correct Answer Divides body into anterior and posterior
sections. Motions in the plane such as abduction and adduction occur around an anterior
posterior axis
Sagittal plane - Correct Answer This plane divides body into right and left sections.
Motions in this plane such as flexion extension occur aorund a medial lateral axis
Transverse Plane - Correct Answer The Transverse plane divides the body into upper and
lower sections. Motions in this plane are medial and lateral rotation which occur around a
vertical axis.
Fibrous joints are composed of? - Correct Answer Are composed of bones that are united
by fibrous tissue and are nonsynovial. Movement is minimal to none permitted at the joint
dependent on the length of the fibers uniting the bone.
Suture? - Correct Answer Union of two bones by a ligament or membrane
immovable joint
eventual fusion is termed synostosis
E,G: sagittal suture of the skull
Syndesmosis - Correct Answer E, g, Tibia and fibula with interosseous membrane
Bone connected to bone by a dens fibrous membrane or cord
very little motion
Gomphosis - Correct Answer E;G, Tooth in its socket
Two Boney sufaces connect as a peg in a hole
the teeth and corresponding sockets in the mandible/maxilla are the only gomphosis
joints in the body
,the periodontal membrane is the fibrouse componenet of the joint
Cartilaginous joints or Amphiarthroses? - Correct Answer this has hyaline cartilage or
fibrocartilage that connects one bone to another: they are slightly movable
Synchondrosis- E.g.? - Correct Answer E.g. : sternum and true rib articulation
1. Hyaline cartilage
2. cartilage adjoins two ossifying centers of bone
3. provides stability during growth
4. May ossify to a synostosis once growth is completed
5. Slight motion
Symphysis? E.g? 4 components? - Correct Answer E.G. pubic symphysis
1. generally located at the midline of the body
2. Two bones covered with hyaline cartilage
3. two bones connected by fibrocartilage
4. slight motion
Synovial joints or Diarthroses? - Correct Answer Define: Synovial joints provide free
movement between the bones they join. 5 distinguishing characteristics:
- Joint cavity -articular cartilage -synovial membrane - synovial fluid -and fibrous capsule.
Most complex and vulnerable to injury and are classified further by the type of movement
and shape of articulating bones
Uniaxial Joint, Motions? - Correct Answer 1 motion around a single axis in one plane of
the body
-Hinge ( ginglymus) elbow joint
-Pivot (trochoid) atlantoaxial joint
Biaxial Joint, Motions? - Correct Answer Movement occurs in two planes around two axes
through the convex/concave surfaces
, -Condyoid- metacarpophalangeal joint of a finger
-Saddle- carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Multi-axial joint, motions? - Correct Answer Movement occurs in three planes and around
three axes
-Plane ( gliding)- carpal joints
- Ball and socket - hip joint.
Note PG 48 & 50 for Table Labeling Actions & Movements per muscle groups. - Correct
Answer Head-spine-Upper extremity-lower extremity
MUSCLE USED IN: SHOULDER EXTENSION - Correct Answer LAT DORSI, POST.
DELT, TERES MAJOR
MUSCLE USED IN: SHOULDER ABDUCTION - Correct Answer MIDDLE DELT,
SUPRASPINATUS
Glenoid Labrum. what does it consist of? - Correct Answer It is a Fibro Cartilaginous
structure that serves to deepen the GLENOID FOSSA, and increase the size of articular
surface
The labrum consists of a dense fibrous connective tissue that is often damaged due to
recurrent shoulder instability
Joint Capsule- What are the Characteristics? - Correct Answer 1.this arises from the
glenoid fossa and the glenoid labrum to blend muscles of the rotator cuff.
2.the volume of the capsule is twice as large as the humeral head
3.the capsule is renforced by the glenohumeral ligaments and the coracohumeral
ligament
Subacromial Bursa: characteristics? - Correct Answer This Extends over the
supraspinatus tendon and distal muscle belly beneath the acromion and deltoid muscle
