APHY 102 Midterm UPDATED Questions
And CORRECT Answers
hormone - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔chemical messengers; secreted into body fluids,
mainly blood with specific actions on target tissues that have specific receptors for it
paracrine gland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a secretion that enters interstitial fluid; acts on
neighboring cells
autocrine gland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a secretion that only affects the secreting cell
endocrine gland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔secretes hormones into the internal
environment
exocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔secretions enter tubes/ducts that lead to body
surfaces.
hypothalamus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔regulates pituitary gland secretion
steroid hormones - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔soluble in lipids (cholesterol); protein
receptors, mRNA
tropic hormones - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔stimulate other endocrine glands to release
hormones; released by anterior pituitary gland via hypothalamus
glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔increase in blood glucose
insulin - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔promotes formation of glycogen; inhibits conversion of
noncarbohydrates into glucose; enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle
cell membranes; promotes transport of amino acids into cells
, diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Type 1 is when the pancreas cannot produce
insulin (autoimmune); Type 2 is non insulin dependents
Rh factor and developing fetus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Rh negative mother + Rh
positive baby = first pregnancy okay; Rh positive blood enters mother and mother produces
Rh anti-bodies; second pregnancy may result in destruction of red blood cells in fetus;
erythroblastosis fetalis
Blood type A - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigen: A; antibody: anti-B; receive type A or O;
give to type A or AB
Blood type B - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigen: B; antibody: anti-A; receive type B or O;
give to type B or AB
Blood type AB - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigens: A & B; antibody: neither; receive Type
A, B, and O; give to type AB only; universal recipient
Blood type O - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigens: neither; antibodies: both anit-A & anti-
B; receive Type O only; give to A, B, and O; universal donor
neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a leukocyte (WBC): most numerous, 54-62% of
WBCs, first to arrive to fight infections, elevated in bacterial infections, multi-lobed nucleus;
granulocyte
eosinophils - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a leukocyte (WBC): deep red granules in acid stain,
bi-lobed nucleus, fight allergic reactions and against parasitic worm infestations, 1-3% of
WBCs; granulocyte
basophils - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔smallest % of leukocytes
monocytes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a leukocyte (WBC): largest of all blood cells,
kidney/oval-shaped nuclei, become macrophages, 3-9% of WBCs, phagocytize bacteria, dead
cells, and other debris; agranulocyte
And CORRECT Answers
hormone - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔chemical messengers; secreted into body fluids,
mainly blood with specific actions on target tissues that have specific receptors for it
paracrine gland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a secretion that enters interstitial fluid; acts on
neighboring cells
autocrine gland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a secretion that only affects the secreting cell
endocrine gland - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔secretes hormones into the internal
environment
exocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔secretions enter tubes/ducts that lead to body
surfaces.
hypothalamus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔regulates pituitary gland secretion
steroid hormones - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔soluble in lipids (cholesterol); protein
receptors, mRNA
tropic hormones - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔stimulate other endocrine glands to release
hormones; released by anterior pituitary gland via hypothalamus
glucagon - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔increase in blood glucose
insulin - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔promotes formation of glycogen; inhibits conversion of
noncarbohydrates into glucose; enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle
cell membranes; promotes transport of amino acids into cells
, diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Type 1 is when the pancreas cannot produce
insulin (autoimmune); Type 2 is non insulin dependents
Rh factor and developing fetus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Rh negative mother + Rh
positive baby = first pregnancy okay; Rh positive blood enters mother and mother produces
Rh anti-bodies; second pregnancy may result in destruction of red blood cells in fetus;
erythroblastosis fetalis
Blood type A - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigen: A; antibody: anti-B; receive type A or O;
give to type A or AB
Blood type B - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigen: B; antibody: anti-A; receive type B or O;
give to type B or AB
Blood type AB - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigens: A & B; antibody: neither; receive Type
A, B, and O; give to type AB only; universal recipient
Blood type O - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔antigens: neither; antibodies: both anit-A & anti-
B; receive Type O only; give to A, B, and O; universal donor
neutrophils - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a leukocyte (WBC): most numerous, 54-62% of
WBCs, first to arrive to fight infections, elevated in bacterial infections, multi-lobed nucleus;
granulocyte
eosinophils - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a leukocyte (WBC): deep red granules in acid stain,
bi-lobed nucleus, fight allergic reactions and against parasitic worm infestations, 1-3% of
WBCs; granulocyte
basophils - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔smallest % of leukocytes
monocytes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔a leukocyte (WBC): largest of all blood cells,
kidney/oval-shaped nuclei, become macrophages, 3-9% of WBCs, phagocytize bacteria, dead
cells, and other debris; agranulocyte
