BIOLOGY II EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-
enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea? - Answers-
Prokaryote
What is a type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-
enclosed organelles. All organisms except bacteria and archaea are composed of these
cells? - Answers- Eukaryote
What organelles are in a prokaryotic cell? - Answers- -Pili
-nucleoid
-ribosomes
-plasma membrane
-cell wall
-capsule
-bacterial chromosome
-flagella
What are the four life processes in eukaryotic cells that depend on structures and
organelles? - Answers- -manufacturing
-breakdown of molecules
-energy processing
structural support, movement, and communication
What does the manufacturing in the cell? - Answers- -Nucleus
-ribosomes
-endoplasmic reticulum
-Golgi apparatus
Breaking down molecules involve which organelles? - Answers- -lysosomes
-vacuoles
-peroxisomes
What is the energy processing organelle in an animal cell? - Answers- Mitochondria
What is the energy processing organelle in a plant cell? - Answers- Chloroplast and
also can contain Mitochondria
Which organelles have been known to have DNA and live separately a long time ago? -
Answers- Mitochondria and Chloroplast
What does the mitochondria use to make energy and what is it they are do? - Answers-
They perform cellular respiration and they make it by using ATP
, What does the chloroplasts do and what do they use to make energy? - Answers- They
perform photosynthesis and they make it by light energy
What organelles are used for structural support, movement, and communication? -
Answers- cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, and cell wall
What is found in plant cells that is not found in animal cells? - Answers- cell walls,
chloroplasts, and central vacuole
What is found in animal cells that is not found in plant cells? - Answers- lysosomes and
centrioles
What is the trait that allows plasma membrane to control the movement of molecules
into and out of the cell called? - Answers- Selective permeability
What is the plasma membrane made up of? - Answers- phospholipid bilayer
What makes up the phospholipid bilayer? - Answers- hydrophilic head that faces the
water and hydrophobic tails are shielded from the water
What sometimes get attached to the surface of the plasma membrane? - Answers-
Proteins
What controls the cell's activities and is responsible for inheritance? - Answers-
Nucleus
What is inside a complex of proteins and DNA, which makes up the cell's
chromosomes? - Answers- Chromatin
What is a double membrane with pores that allows material to flow in and out of the
nucleus - Answers- Nucleus envelope
What organelle that is involved in the cell's protein synthesis? - Answers- Ribosomes
Where are the ribosomes synthesized? - Answers- Nucleolus which is found in the
nucleus
Where are ribosomes found? - Answers- On the Endoplasmic reticulum and floating
around in the cytoplasm
What are the two kinds of endoplasmic reticulum? - Answers- Smooth and Rough
What covers the outside of the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum? - Answers- ribosomes
What is a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-
enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea? - Answers-
Prokaryote
What is a type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-
enclosed organelles. All organisms except bacteria and archaea are composed of these
cells? - Answers- Eukaryote
What organelles are in a prokaryotic cell? - Answers- -Pili
-nucleoid
-ribosomes
-plasma membrane
-cell wall
-capsule
-bacterial chromosome
-flagella
What are the four life processes in eukaryotic cells that depend on structures and
organelles? - Answers- -manufacturing
-breakdown of molecules
-energy processing
structural support, movement, and communication
What does the manufacturing in the cell? - Answers- -Nucleus
-ribosomes
-endoplasmic reticulum
-Golgi apparatus
Breaking down molecules involve which organelles? - Answers- -lysosomes
-vacuoles
-peroxisomes
What is the energy processing organelle in an animal cell? - Answers- Mitochondria
What is the energy processing organelle in a plant cell? - Answers- Chloroplast and
also can contain Mitochondria
Which organelles have been known to have DNA and live separately a long time ago? -
Answers- Mitochondria and Chloroplast
What does the mitochondria use to make energy and what is it they are do? - Answers-
They perform cellular respiration and they make it by using ATP
, What does the chloroplasts do and what do they use to make energy? - Answers- They
perform photosynthesis and they make it by light energy
What organelles are used for structural support, movement, and communication? -
Answers- cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, and cell wall
What is found in plant cells that is not found in animal cells? - Answers- cell walls,
chloroplasts, and central vacuole
What is found in animal cells that is not found in plant cells? - Answers- lysosomes and
centrioles
What is the trait that allows plasma membrane to control the movement of molecules
into and out of the cell called? - Answers- Selective permeability
What is the plasma membrane made up of? - Answers- phospholipid bilayer
What makes up the phospholipid bilayer? - Answers- hydrophilic head that faces the
water and hydrophobic tails are shielded from the water
What sometimes get attached to the surface of the plasma membrane? - Answers-
Proteins
What controls the cell's activities and is responsible for inheritance? - Answers-
Nucleus
What is inside a complex of proteins and DNA, which makes up the cell's
chromosomes? - Answers- Chromatin
What is a double membrane with pores that allows material to flow in and out of the
nucleus - Answers- Nucleus envelope
What organelle that is involved in the cell's protein synthesis? - Answers- Ribosomes
Where are the ribosomes synthesized? - Answers- Nucleolus which is found in the
nucleus
Where are ribosomes found? - Answers- On the Endoplasmic reticulum and floating
around in the cytoplasm
What are the two kinds of endoplasmic reticulum? - Answers- Smooth and Rough
What covers the outside of the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum? - Answers- ribosomes
