1
NURS
NURS 403 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS
(LATEST UPDATE)
What procedures are done for those that get frequent pneumothoraxes? -
ANS ✓Pleurectomy, which is the removal of that pleural space (the benefit of not
having a pleural space outweighs the risk)
Pleurodesis, which is done to produce adhesions between parietal and
visceral lining (either chemically or mechanically)
What's a common complication of rib fractures? why? - ANS ✓Pneumonia
(Rib fractures hurt, which results in less coughing, deep breathing. They get
atelectasis - collapsed alveolar sacs)
Pneumothorax (Broken ribs can be jagged or sharp, which can lacerate the
lung/pleural space)
What's the treatment for rib fractures? - ANS ✓Treat the pain, prevent
respiratory complications
Splint area, give them oxygen, raise HOB to ease breathing, administer
medications (opioids, NSAIDS)
What's the definition of a flail chest? - ANS ✓It's a rib fracture consisting of 3
or more broken ribs (in a row) and those 3 ribs have to be fractured in 2 or more
places
It's an unstable segment of bone (a free segment)
NURS 403
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NURS
That flail piece is not contributing to lung expansion which causes
instability of that chest wall.
What's the hallmark sign of Flail Chest? - ANS ✓*Paradoxical chest
movement* d/t the lack of lung expansion & instability of that chest wall
Tachypnea
Shallow respirations (can't take a full deep breath)
Tachycardia (compensating)
What's the treatment for a flail chest? - ANS ✓Whole focus is to expand lung
and fix ABC's
Assess airway - if that's patent, move to Breathing
Breathing (apply oxygen, prep for intubation, position to optimize gas
exchange)
Prep for surgery to fix that area of bone (often do a matrix rib fixation -
using a titanium interlocking plate / screws )
What is cardiac tamponade? - ANS ✓Compression of the heart d/t an
accumulation of blood, pericardial fluid or any fluid really.
The ventricles can no longer relax and expand (fill w blood)
How much pericardial fluid is normally in the pericardial sac? What does
pericardial fluid do? - ANS ✓10-30 mL
NURS 403
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Pericardial fluid assists with lubrication between the heart and pericardial
sac
If that pericardial fluid goes above 50 mL, will have a pericardial effusion --
> cardiac tamponade
What are the symptoms of cardiac tamponade? - ANS ✓Very specific - known
as *Becks triad* (hypotension, muffled heart sounds, JVD)
What's the triad of symptoms of cardiac tamponade called? - ANS ✓Becks
Triad
Hypotension
Muffled Heart Sounds
JVD
What's the treatment for cardiac tamponade? - ANS ✓*Pericardiocentesis*
(prep for surgery)
*Needle* to pericardial sac to *aspirate* that blood and relieve the pressure
on the heart
*Pericardial window* (they remove part of the pericardial sac to drain
fluid) - patient normally comes back to ICU w sutures/staples to that site &
a chest tube
What is *Flash* Pulmonary Edema - ANS ✓Rapid onset of pulmonary edema -
Blood, water, serum from capillaries move into the *interstitial space* around the
alveoli
Results in severe respiratory distress
NURS 403
, 4
NURS
What are symptoms of *Flash* Pulmonary Edema? - ANS ✓Very specific -
*Frothy, foamy, blood-tinged sputum*
Non-stop cough with EXTREME shortness of breath
Retractions
Anxiety
High RR, HR
What's the treatment for *Flash* Pulmonary Edema? - ANS ✓Fix the
oxygenation issue
Position them (HOB up)
Give them oxygen (depending on their sats)
Give medications (bronchodilators, diuretics, steroids)
Normally intubated
What labs would you recommend w a patient has has an oxygenation and
perfusion problem? - ANS ✓ABG's
Hgb
HcT
What diagnostic tests would you recommend for a chest trauma? - ANS
✓Chest X-Ray (show bones, rib fractures, or air in that pleural space)
Chest CT
NURS 403
NURS
NURS 403 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS
(LATEST UPDATE)
What procedures are done for those that get frequent pneumothoraxes? -
ANS ✓Pleurectomy, which is the removal of that pleural space (the benefit of not
having a pleural space outweighs the risk)
Pleurodesis, which is done to produce adhesions between parietal and
visceral lining (either chemically or mechanically)
What's a common complication of rib fractures? why? - ANS ✓Pneumonia
(Rib fractures hurt, which results in less coughing, deep breathing. They get
atelectasis - collapsed alveolar sacs)
Pneumothorax (Broken ribs can be jagged or sharp, which can lacerate the
lung/pleural space)
What's the treatment for rib fractures? - ANS ✓Treat the pain, prevent
respiratory complications
Splint area, give them oxygen, raise HOB to ease breathing, administer
medications (opioids, NSAIDS)
What's the definition of a flail chest? - ANS ✓It's a rib fracture consisting of 3
or more broken ribs (in a row) and those 3 ribs have to be fractured in 2 or more
places
It's an unstable segment of bone (a free segment)
NURS 403
, 2
NURS
That flail piece is not contributing to lung expansion which causes
instability of that chest wall.
What's the hallmark sign of Flail Chest? - ANS ✓*Paradoxical chest
movement* d/t the lack of lung expansion & instability of that chest wall
Tachypnea
Shallow respirations (can't take a full deep breath)
Tachycardia (compensating)
What's the treatment for a flail chest? - ANS ✓Whole focus is to expand lung
and fix ABC's
Assess airway - if that's patent, move to Breathing
Breathing (apply oxygen, prep for intubation, position to optimize gas
exchange)
Prep for surgery to fix that area of bone (often do a matrix rib fixation -
using a titanium interlocking plate / screws )
What is cardiac tamponade? - ANS ✓Compression of the heart d/t an
accumulation of blood, pericardial fluid or any fluid really.
The ventricles can no longer relax and expand (fill w blood)
How much pericardial fluid is normally in the pericardial sac? What does
pericardial fluid do? - ANS ✓10-30 mL
NURS 403
, 3
NURS
Pericardial fluid assists with lubrication between the heart and pericardial
sac
If that pericardial fluid goes above 50 mL, will have a pericardial effusion --
> cardiac tamponade
What are the symptoms of cardiac tamponade? - ANS ✓Very specific - known
as *Becks triad* (hypotension, muffled heart sounds, JVD)
What's the triad of symptoms of cardiac tamponade called? - ANS ✓Becks
Triad
Hypotension
Muffled Heart Sounds
JVD
What's the treatment for cardiac tamponade? - ANS ✓*Pericardiocentesis*
(prep for surgery)
*Needle* to pericardial sac to *aspirate* that blood and relieve the pressure
on the heart
*Pericardial window* (they remove part of the pericardial sac to drain
fluid) - patient normally comes back to ICU w sutures/staples to that site &
a chest tube
What is *Flash* Pulmonary Edema - ANS ✓Rapid onset of pulmonary edema -
Blood, water, serum from capillaries move into the *interstitial space* around the
alveoli
Results in severe respiratory distress
NURS 403
, 4
NURS
What are symptoms of *Flash* Pulmonary Edema? - ANS ✓Very specific -
*Frothy, foamy, blood-tinged sputum*
Non-stop cough with EXTREME shortness of breath
Retractions
Anxiety
High RR, HR
What's the treatment for *Flash* Pulmonary Edema? - ANS ✓Fix the
oxygenation issue
Position them (HOB up)
Give them oxygen (depending on their sats)
Give medications (bronchodilators, diuretics, steroids)
Normally intubated
What labs would you recommend w a patient has has an oxygenation and
perfusion problem? - ANS ✓ABG's
Hgb
HcT
What diagnostic tests would you recommend for a chest trauma? - ANS
✓Chest X-Ray (show bones, rib fractures, or air in that pleural space)
Chest CT
NURS 403
