NUR 2092 Exam 1
Blood dyscrasia - Answer-bone marrow depression caused by drug effects on the rapidly multiplying
cells of the bone marrow, lower than normal levels of blood components can be seen.
Dermatological reaction - Answer-skin reactions commonly seen as adverse effects of drugs; can range
from simple rash to potentially exfoliative dermatitis.
Drug allergy - Answer-formation of antibodies to a drug or drug protein; causes an immune response
when the person is next exposed to that drug.
Hypersensitivity - Answer-excessive responsiveness to either the primary or the secondary effects of a
drug; may be caused by a pathological condition or, in the absence of one, by a particular patient's
individual response.
Poisoning - Answer-overdose of a drug that causes damage to multiple body systems and has the
potential for fatal reactions.
Stomatitis - Answer-inflammation of the mucous membranes related to drug effects; can lead to
alterations in nutrition and dental problems.
,Superinfections - Answer-infections caused by the destruction of normal flora bacteria by certain drugs;
which allow other bacteria to grow out of control and cause infection; may occur during the course of
antibiotic therapy.
Assessment - Answer-information gathering regarding the current status of a particular patient;
including evaluation of past history and physical examination; provides a baseline of information and
clues to effectiveness of therapy.
Evaluation - Answer-part of the nursing process; determining the effects of the interventions that were
instituted for the patient and leading to further assessment and intervention.
Implementation - Answer-actions undertaken to meet a patient's needs, such as administration of
drugs, comfort measures, or patient teaching.
Nursing - Answer-the art of nurturing and administering to the sick, combined with scientific application
of chemistry, anatomy, physiology, biology, nutrition, psychology, and pharmacology to the particular
clinical situation.
Nursing diagnosis - Answer-statement of the actual or potential problem, based on the assessment of a
particular clinical situation, which directs needed nursing interventions.
Nursing process - ADPIE - Answer-the problem-solving process used to provide efficient nursing care; it
involves gathering information, formulating a nursing diagnosis statement, prioritizing the diagnosis,
developing goals and desired outcomes for the patient, carrying out interventions, and evaluating the
process.
Planning - Answer-the process of prioritizing the information gathered in assessment and, using the
established nursing diagnoses, to develop goals and desired outcomes for the patient.
Adverse effects - Answer-drug effects, sometimes called side effects, that are not the desired
therapeutic effects; may be unpleasant or even dangerous.
,Brand name - Answer-name given to a drug by the pharmaceutical company that developed it; also
called a trade name or proprietary name.
Chemical name - Answer-name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug.
Drugs - Answer-chemicals that are introduced into the body to bring about change
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - Answer-federal agency responsible for the regulation and
enforcement of drug evaluation and distribution policies.
Generic drugs - Answer-drugs sold by their generic name; not brand name or trade name product.
Generic name - Answer-the original designation that a drug is given when the drug company that
developed it applies for the approval process.
Genetic engineering - Answer-process of altering DNA , usually of bacteria, to produce a chemical to be
used in a drug.
Orphan drugs - Answer-drugs that have been discovered but would not be profitable for a drug
company to develop; usually drugs that would treat only a small number of people, these orphans can
be adopted by drug companies to develop.
Over - the - Counter (OTC) drugs - Answer-drugs that are available without a prescription for self-
treatment of a variety of complaints; deemed to be safe when used as directed; often formerly only
available by prescription.
Pharmacology - Answer-the study of the biological effects of chemicals.
, Pharmacotherapeutics - Answer-clinical pharmacology, the branch of pharmacology that deals with
drugs; chemicals that are used in medicine for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of disease in
humans.
Phase I study - Answer-a pilot study of a potential drug using a small number of selected, usually
healthy human volunteers
Phase II study - Answer-a clinical study of a proposed drug by selected physicians using actual patients
who have the disorder the drug is designed to treat; patients must provide informed consent.
Phase III study - Answer-use of a proposed drug on a wide scale in the clinical setting with patients who
have the disease the drug is thought to treat.
Phase IV study - Answer-continuous evaluation of a drug after it has been released for marketing.
Preclinical trials - Answer-initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic potential; uses
laboratory animals, not human subjects.
Teratogenic - Answer-having adverse effects on the fetus.
Over - the- counter (OTC) - Answer-medications can be purchased without a prescription.
Laboratory animals - Answer-are used during preclinical trials to test the effects of drugs on live tissue.
Phase 1 clinical studies study the effect of a drug on patients with the disease. - Answer-False
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the agency that regulates the development and sale of drugs
in the United States. - Answer-True
Blood dyscrasia - Answer-bone marrow depression caused by drug effects on the rapidly multiplying
cells of the bone marrow, lower than normal levels of blood components can be seen.
Dermatological reaction - Answer-skin reactions commonly seen as adverse effects of drugs; can range
from simple rash to potentially exfoliative dermatitis.
Drug allergy - Answer-formation of antibodies to a drug or drug protein; causes an immune response
when the person is next exposed to that drug.
Hypersensitivity - Answer-excessive responsiveness to either the primary or the secondary effects of a
drug; may be caused by a pathological condition or, in the absence of one, by a particular patient's
individual response.
Poisoning - Answer-overdose of a drug that causes damage to multiple body systems and has the
potential for fatal reactions.
Stomatitis - Answer-inflammation of the mucous membranes related to drug effects; can lead to
alterations in nutrition and dental problems.
,Superinfections - Answer-infections caused by the destruction of normal flora bacteria by certain drugs;
which allow other bacteria to grow out of control and cause infection; may occur during the course of
antibiotic therapy.
Assessment - Answer-information gathering regarding the current status of a particular patient;
including evaluation of past history and physical examination; provides a baseline of information and
clues to effectiveness of therapy.
Evaluation - Answer-part of the nursing process; determining the effects of the interventions that were
instituted for the patient and leading to further assessment and intervention.
Implementation - Answer-actions undertaken to meet a patient's needs, such as administration of
drugs, comfort measures, or patient teaching.
Nursing - Answer-the art of nurturing and administering to the sick, combined with scientific application
of chemistry, anatomy, physiology, biology, nutrition, psychology, and pharmacology to the particular
clinical situation.
Nursing diagnosis - Answer-statement of the actual or potential problem, based on the assessment of a
particular clinical situation, which directs needed nursing interventions.
Nursing process - ADPIE - Answer-the problem-solving process used to provide efficient nursing care; it
involves gathering information, formulating a nursing diagnosis statement, prioritizing the diagnosis,
developing goals and desired outcomes for the patient, carrying out interventions, and evaluating the
process.
Planning - Answer-the process of prioritizing the information gathered in assessment and, using the
established nursing diagnoses, to develop goals and desired outcomes for the patient.
Adverse effects - Answer-drug effects, sometimes called side effects, that are not the desired
therapeutic effects; may be unpleasant or even dangerous.
,Brand name - Answer-name given to a drug by the pharmaceutical company that developed it; also
called a trade name or proprietary name.
Chemical name - Answer-name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug.
Drugs - Answer-chemicals that are introduced into the body to bring about change
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - Answer-federal agency responsible for the regulation and
enforcement of drug evaluation and distribution policies.
Generic drugs - Answer-drugs sold by their generic name; not brand name or trade name product.
Generic name - Answer-the original designation that a drug is given when the drug company that
developed it applies for the approval process.
Genetic engineering - Answer-process of altering DNA , usually of bacteria, to produce a chemical to be
used in a drug.
Orphan drugs - Answer-drugs that have been discovered but would not be profitable for a drug
company to develop; usually drugs that would treat only a small number of people, these orphans can
be adopted by drug companies to develop.
Over - the - Counter (OTC) drugs - Answer-drugs that are available without a prescription for self-
treatment of a variety of complaints; deemed to be safe when used as directed; often formerly only
available by prescription.
Pharmacology - Answer-the study of the biological effects of chemicals.
, Pharmacotherapeutics - Answer-clinical pharmacology, the branch of pharmacology that deals with
drugs; chemicals that are used in medicine for the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of disease in
humans.
Phase I study - Answer-a pilot study of a potential drug using a small number of selected, usually
healthy human volunteers
Phase II study - Answer-a clinical study of a proposed drug by selected physicians using actual patients
who have the disorder the drug is designed to treat; patients must provide informed consent.
Phase III study - Answer-use of a proposed drug on a wide scale in the clinical setting with patients who
have the disease the drug is thought to treat.
Phase IV study - Answer-continuous evaluation of a drug after it has been released for marketing.
Preclinical trials - Answer-initial trial of a chemical thought to have therapeutic potential; uses
laboratory animals, not human subjects.
Teratogenic - Answer-having adverse effects on the fetus.
Over - the- counter (OTC) - Answer-medications can be purchased without a prescription.
Laboratory animals - Answer-are used during preclinical trials to test the effects of drugs on live tissue.
Phase 1 clinical studies study the effect of a drug on patients with the disease. - Answer-False
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the agency that regulates the development and sale of drugs
in the United States. - Answer-True
