Biomechanics Exam 1 Review
Define and differentiate between: Biomechanics and kinesiology, Statics and dynamics, Kinetics and
kinematics - Answer-biomechanics- application of mechanical principles in the study of living organisms
kinesiology-study of human movement
statics- study of a system in constant motion
dynamics- study of a system subject to acceleration
kinetics- study of the actions of forces
kinematics-study of the appearance or description of motion
What are the two 'states' of motion? Describe the three 'types' of motion and provide examples. -
Answer-2 states are moving and not moving or static and dynamic
3 types of motion and their examples
linear- along a line that may be straight or curved, with all parts of the body moving in the same
direction at the same speed
rectilinear- along a straight line
curvilinear- along a curved line (long jumper)
b. angular-involves rotation around a central point (axis of rotation) ex windmill pitch in softball
c. general motion- a combination of linear and angular motion (includes most human motion) football
thrown in air
, Be able to give and recognize examples of linear displacement, velocity, and acceleration. Be able to
quantify these values. - Answer-Linear displacement- change in location, or the directed distance from
initial to final location
example- laps around a track, the runner's displacement is the length of the straight imaginary line that
transverses the field connecting the runner's initial position to the runner's final position halfway around
the track.
Linear Velocity- the rate of change in location
example- look at example in book on pg 341 in corner about swimmer
equation- v= change in position/ change in time or d/t
Linear Acceleration- the rate of change in linear-velocity
example- if a car starts from rest and then accelerates in a straight line that is positive acceleration.
Negative acceleration is the opposite when something goes from acceleration to stopping.
equation- a=change in velocity/change in time
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using "average values" vs. "instantaneous values"? -
Answer-average values- values of all three are the average values of the speed/velocity/acceleration
over a certain period of time, not just a single moment
advantage- can be used to approximate instant values.
disadvantage- might not provide insight into certiain portions of an event (ex start of 100 meter dash)
instantaneous values- at that moment, exact values for example shot of a discuss at the moment an
athlete releases it
advantage-
disadvantage- hard to calculate and takes someone that knows how to calculate it
What is the relationship between the angle of projection and the vertical/horizontal components of
initial velocity of a projectile? - Answer-Relationship between the angle of projection and the vertical
and horizontal components of initial velocity of a projectile. The larger the AOP, the larger the vertical
component and the smaller the horizontal.
Define and differentiate between: Biomechanics and kinesiology, Statics and dynamics, Kinetics and
kinematics - Answer-biomechanics- application of mechanical principles in the study of living organisms
kinesiology-study of human movement
statics- study of a system in constant motion
dynamics- study of a system subject to acceleration
kinetics- study of the actions of forces
kinematics-study of the appearance or description of motion
What are the two 'states' of motion? Describe the three 'types' of motion and provide examples. -
Answer-2 states are moving and not moving or static and dynamic
3 types of motion and their examples
linear- along a line that may be straight or curved, with all parts of the body moving in the same
direction at the same speed
rectilinear- along a straight line
curvilinear- along a curved line (long jumper)
b. angular-involves rotation around a central point (axis of rotation) ex windmill pitch in softball
c. general motion- a combination of linear and angular motion (includes most human motion) football
thrown in air
, Be able to give and recognize examples of linear displacement, velocity, and acceleration. Be able to
quantify these values. - Answer-Linear displacement- change in location, or the directed distance from
initial to final location
example- laps around a track, the runner's displacement is the length of the straight imaginary line that
transverses the field connecting the runner's initial position to the runner's final position halfway around
the track.
Linear Velocity- the rate of change in location
example- look at example in book on pg 341 in corner about swimmer
equation- v= change in position/ change in time or d/t
Linear Acceleration- the rate of change in linear-velocity
example- if a car starts from rest and then accelerates in a straight line that is positive acceleration.
Negative acceleration is the opposite when something goes from acceleration to stopping.
equation- a=change in velocity/change in time
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using "average values" vs. "instantaneous values"? -
Answer-average values- values of all three are the average values of the speed/velocity/acceleration
over a certain period of time, not just a single moment
advantage- can be used to approximate instant values.
disadvantage- might not provide insight into certiain portions of an event (ex start of 100 meter dash)
instantaneous values- at that moment, exact values for example shot of a discuss at the moment an
athlete releases it
advantage-
disadvantage- hard to calculate and takes someone that knows how to calculate it
What is the relationship between the angle of projection and the vertical/horizontal components of
initial velocity of a projectile? - Answer-Relationship between the angle of projection and the vertical
and horizontal components of initial velocity of a projectile. The larger the AOP, the larger the vertical
component and the smaller the horizontal.
