©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
SWB102 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
What is the multidimensional approach to human development? - answer✔Implementing an
approach with more than one feature/design to address a situation that is considered complex
or needs to be assessed from several points of view.
Why is the multidimensional approach needed? - answer✔Helps understand the way in which
individuals develop, needed to meet individual needs
Main advantage of the multidimensional approach? - answer✔Able to suit the specific needs of
each person and apply the right treatment for them to have the most effective help
Lifespan & Life course approaches - answer✔Human behaviour in context of what most people
are doing at a certain age and stage in the human lifespan.
Main advantage of Lifespan & Life course Approaches - answer✔Help to identify resources and
supports when needs are not being meet according to milestone - e.g. early intervention
Limitations to Lifespan & Life course Approaches - answer✔◦Development influenced by culture
and context
◦Normative style leads to othering and stigma as well as one-size fits all approach
◦Limit individually and culturally appropriate strategies
What are the dangers of a normative approach - othering? - answer✔Diversity among humans -
mind-body-emotional diversity - is acknowledged.
However, stereotypes and norms embedded in society about typified humans can create
prejudice, stigma and Othering.
Part of our role is identify and challenge norms that lead to othering.
e.g. milestones - notions of good child/bad child
1|Page
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11/16/2024 10:16 AM
What is the normative approach? - answer✔relating to a particular standard of comparison for
a person or group often as determined by cultural/societal ideals
What is othering? - answer✔A phenomenon in which some individuals or groups are defined
and labeled as not fitting in within the norms of a social group. It is an effect that influences
how people perceive and treat those who are viewed as being part of the in-group versus those
who are seen as being part of the out-group.
What is: Person-Environment Interactional understanding Human Development Kurt Lewin's B
= f (P, E)? - answer✔Lewin's "Grand Truism"
Where B= behaviour
P = factors internal to person
E = factors in external environment
Behaviour (B) is a function (f) of person (P) and environment (E)
What is Bronfenbrenner's Ecological systems theory 1979? - answer✔The ecology of human
development involves the scientific study of the progressive, mutual accommodation between
an active, growing human being and the changing properties of the immediate settings in which
the developing person lives, as this process is affected by relations between these settings, and
by the larger contexts in which the settings are embedded (Bronfenbrenner 1979, 21)
What are the 5 systems of Ecological systems theory? - answer✔1. Microsystem
2. Mesosystem
3. Exosystem
4. Macrosystem
5. Chronosystem
What is the microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔The factors present in the
immediate environment of the person (e.g., home, school, workplace, etc.).
What is the mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔Comprises the interrelations
among major settings containing the developing person at a particular point in his or her life.
(e.g., between parents work and school)
What is the exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔Those structural factors that
exist outside of the immediate environment that do not themselves contain the developing
person but impinge upon or encompass the immediate settings in which that person is found,
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, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
and thereby influence, delimit, or even determine what goes on there. (e.g., political & legal
systems, education & health policies & services)
What is the macrosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔The overarching institutional
patterns of the culture or subculture, such as the economic, social, educational, legal, and
political systems, of which micro-, meso-, and exosystems are the concrete manifestations.
What is the chronosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔Refers to the dimension of
time, which influences all other systems
What is the Human Development - Multi-dimensional approach (Harms,2010)? - answer✔The
interconnectedness of the inner world (person) and outer world (environment), each influences
and is influenced by others. It is all context specific.
Person - Inner world
Biological
Psychological
Spiritual
Environment - Outer world
Relationship
Social
Structural
Cultural
A multidimensional approach to human development: What are the 6 key themes? -
answer✔◦An individual's inner world is multidimensional
◦An individual's outer world is multidimensional
◦Time & place are multidimensional
◦Adaptation and coping are multidimensional
◦Attempts to theorise human development and adaptation should be multidimensional
◦Human service responses need to be multidimensional (Harms, 2010).
Define our inner world? - answer✔•Unique sense of our own inner world.
•Subjective experience
3|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
SWB102 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
What is the multidimensional approach to human development? - answer✔Implementing an
approach with more than one feature/design to address a situation that is considered complex
or needs to be assessed from several points of view.
Why is the multidimensional approach needed? - answer✔Helps understand the way in which
individuals develop, needed to meet individual needs
Main advantage of the multidimensional approach? - answer✔Able to suit the specific needs of
each person and apply the right treatment for them to have the most effective help
Lifespan & Life course approaches - answer✔Human behaviour in context of what most people
are doing at a certain age and stage in the human lifespan.
Main advantage of Lifespan & Life course Approaches - answer✔Help to identify resources and
supports when needs are not being meet according to milestone - e.g. early intervention
Limitations to Lifespan & Life course Approaches - answer✔◦Development influenced by culture
and context
◦Normative style leads to othering and stigma as well as one-size fits all approach
◦Limit individually and culturally appropriate strategies
What are the dangers of a normative approach - othering? - answer✔Diversity among humans -
mind-body-emotional diversity - is acknowledged.
However, stereotypes and norms embedded in society about typified humans can create
prejudice, stigma and Othering.
Part of our role is identify and challenge norms that lead to othering.
e.g. milestones - notions of good child/bad child
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
What is the normative approach? - answer✔relating to a particular standard of comparison for
a person or group often as determined by cultural/societal ideals
What is othering? - answer✔A phenomenon in which some individuals or groups are defined
and labeled as not fitting in within the norms of a social group. It is an effect that influences
how people perceive and treat those who are viewed as being part of the in-group versus those
who are seen as being part of the out-group.
What is: Person-Environment Interactional understanding Human Development Kurt Lewin's B
= f (P, E)? - answer✔Lewin's "Grand Truism"
Where B= behaviour
P = factors internal to person
E = factors in external environment
Behaviour (B) is a function (f) of person (P) and environment (E)
What is Bronfenbrenner's Ecological systems theory 1979? - answer✔The ecology of human
development involves the scientific study of the progressive, mutual accommodation between
an active, growing human being and the changing properties of the immediate settings in which
the developing person lives, as this process is affected by relations between these settings, and
by the larger contexts in which the settings are embedded (Bronfenbrenner 1979, 21)
What are the 5 systems of Ecological systems theory? - answer✔1. Microsystem
2. Mesosystem
3. Exosystem
4. Macrosystem
5. Chronosystem
What is the microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔The factors present in the
immediate environment of the person (e.g., home, school, workplace, etc.).
What is the mesosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔Comprises the interrelations
among major settings containing the developing person at a particular point in his or her life.
(e.g., between parents work and school)
What is the exosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔Those structural factors that
exist outside of the immediate environment that do not themselves contain the developing
person but impinge upon or encompass the immediate settings in which that person is found,
2|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
and thereby influence, delimit, or even determine what goes on there. (e.g., political & legal
systems, education & health policies & services)
What is the macrosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔The overarching institutional
patterns of the culture or subculture, such as the economic, social, educational, legal, and
political systems, of which micro-, meso-, and exosystems are the concrete manifestations.
What is the chronosystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory? - answer✔Refers to the dimension of
time, which influences all other systems
What is the Human Development - Multi-dimensional approach (Harms,2010)? - answer✔The
interconnectedness of the inner world (person) and outer world (environment), each influences
and is influenced by others. It is all context specific.
Person - Inner world
Biological
Psychological
Spiritual
Environment - Outer world
Relationship
Social
Structural
Cultural
A multidimensional approach to human development: What are the 6 key themes? -
answer✔◦An individual's inner world is multidimensional
◦An individual's outer world is multidimensional
◦Time & place are multidimensional
◦Adaptation and coping are multidimensional
◦Attempts to theorise human development and adaptation should be multidimensional
◦Human service responses need to be multidimensional (Harms, 2010).
Define our inner world? - answer✔•Unique sense of our own inner world.
•Subjective experience
3|Page
