TEST BANK FOR Digital
Radiography and PACS, 3rd Edition
by Carter Chapters 1-9 Exam
Questions with Correct Detailed
Answers || Already Graded A+
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE) - ANSWER ✔ a measurement of
the efficiency of an image receptor in converting the x-ray exposure it
receives to a quality radiographic image
2. rhodopsin - ANSWER ✔ the pigment in rod cells that causes light
sensitivity
3. artifact - ANSWER ✔ unwanted density on images
4. backing layer - ANSWER ✔ soft polymer that protects the back of the
cassette
5. barcode label - ANSWER ✔ label attached either to the cassette or to the
imaging plate that identifies the plate for the purpose of matching the
examination to the plate
6. bit depth - ANSWER ✔ The number of bits used to encode each sample
during digitization.
7. cassette - ANSWER ✔ Contains extraoral films during exposure
,8. collimation - ANSWER ✔ The restriction of the size and shape of the x-
ray beam in order to reduce patient exposure.
9. color layer - ANSWER ✔ Located between the active layer and the
support that absorbs the stimulating light but reflects emitted light
10.conductive layer - ANSWER ✔ absorbs and reduces static electricity
11.fast scan direction - ANSWER ✔ movement of the laser across the
imaging plate
12.focus grid - ANSWER ✔ the range where the X-ray image can be
produced
13.grid frequency - ANSWER ✔ The number of lead strips per inch.
14.grid ratio - ANSWER ✔ the ratio of the height of the lead strips to the
distance between them
15.imaging plate (IP) - ANSWER ✔ device that is made of a
photostimulable phosphor that absorbs the photon energies exiting the
patient; is located inside a computed radiographic cassette
16.Kilovoltage peak (kVp) - ANSWER ✔ Highest voltage of x-ray tube
used during an exposure
17.laser - ANSWER ✔ light amplification by stimulated emission of
radiation
18.Milliamperage (mA) - ANSWER ✔ a measurement of x-ray tube current
- the number of electrons crossing the tube from cathode to anode per
second
19.moire pattern - ANSWER ✔ A visually undesirable dot-exaggerating
effect that occurs when two different screen patterns are randomly
positioned or superimposed.
,20.phosphor center - ANSWER ✔ area within the phosphor layer where
electrons are trapped
21.phosphor layer (active layer) - ANSWER ✔ a layer of photostimulable
phosphor that traps electrons during exposure
22.Photodetector - ANSWER ✔ converts light photons into electrons
23.Photostimulable phosphor (PSP) - ANSWER ✔ phosphor that produces
light when stimulated by light or x-ray photons
24.protective layer - ANSWER ✔ a thin, transparent coating placed over the
emulsion
25.Aliasing artifact - ANSWER ✔ occurs when tissue outside the Field of
View is undersampled, causing a misregistration of anatomical location,
in the phase direction, but on the opposite side of the anatomical location,
also known as wrap-around artifact
26.Archive query - ANSWER ✔ software function that allows historical
information to be gathered from digital storage, such as multiple
examinations, a range of dates, or by pathology
27.automatic rescaling - ANSWER ✔ process by which images are
produced with uniform brightness and contrast, regardless of the amount
of exposure
28.contrast manipulation - ANSWER ✔ conversion of the digital image
using contrast enhancement parameters
29.critical frequency - ANSWER ✔ the frequency of a signal that exactly
matches the Nyquist frequency, resulting in a zero-amplitude signal
caused by phase shifts
30.edge enhancement - ANSWER ✔ a process by which the visual system
makes edges as visible as possible, facilitating perception of where one
object or surface ends in the retinal image and another begins
, 31.high pass filtering - ANSWER ✔ technique for the enhancement of
contrast and edge that amplifies the frequencies of areas of interest that
are known (those frequencies that can be amplified) and suppresses
frequencies outside the area of interest
32.Histogram - ANSWER ✔ a bar graph depicting a frequency distribution
33.Image annotation - ANSWER ✔ software function that allows text or
markers to be digitally added to an image
34.image orientation - ANSWER ✔ identification of the top or side of an
image
35.image stitching - ANSWER ✔ process of "sewing" together multiple
images to form one continuous image
36.Look Up Table (LUT) - ANSWER ✔ data that are stored to substitute
new values for each pixel during processing
37.low pass filter - ANSWER ✔ Attenuates high frequency energy but
passes low frequency energy
38.manual send - ANSWER ✔ computer function that allows images to be
sent to specified reading stations
39.Nyquist Theorem - ANSWER ✔ states that a frequency must be sampled
at least twice in order to reproduce it reliably
40.patient demographics - ANSWER ✔ input information regarding patient
age, identifying number, ordering physician, and so on
41.shuttering - ANSWER ✔ used to blacken out the white collimation
borders in a digital image, effectively eliminating veil glare.
42.Signal sampling - ANSWER ✔ The time varying analog signal from the
photodetector is processed and digitized with attention paid to proper
sampling time (time between samples) and quantization (the value of
each sample).
Radiography and PACS, 3rd Edition
by Carter Chapters 1-9 Exam
Questions with Correct Detailed
Answers || Already Graded A+
<RECENT VERSION>
1. Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE) - ANSWER ✔ a measurement of
the efficiency of an image receptor in converting the x-ray exposure it
receives to a quality radiographic image
2. rhodopsin - ANSWER ✔ the pigment in rod cells that causes light
sensitivity
3. artifact - ANSWER ✔ unwanted density on images
4. backing layer - ANSWER ✔ soft polymer that protects the back of the
cassette
5. barcode label - ANSWER ✔ label attached either to the cassette or to the
imaging plate that identifies the plate for the purpose of matching the
examination to the plate
6. bit depth - ANSWER ✔ The number of bits used to encode each sample
during digitization.
7. cassette - ANSWER ✔ Contains extraoral films during exposure
,8. collimation - ANSWER ✔ The restriction of the size and shape of the x-
ray beam in order to reduce patient exposure.
9. color layer - ANSWER ✔ Located between the active layer and the
support that absorbs the stimulating light but reflects emitted light
10.conductive layer - ANSWER ✔ absorbs and reduces static electricity
11.fast scan direction - ANSWER ✔ movement of the laser across the
imaging plate
12.focus grid - ANSWER ✔ the range where the X-ray image can be
produced
13.grid frequency - ANSWER ✔ The number of lead strips per inch.
14.grid ratio - ANSWER ✔ the ratio of the height of the lead strips to the
distance between them
15.imaging plate (IP) - ANSWER ✔ device that is made of a
photostimulable phosphor that absorbs the photon energies exiting the
patient; is located inside a computed radiographic cassette
16.Kilovoltage peak (kVp) - ANSWER ✔ Highest voltage of x-ray tube
used during an exposure
17.laser - ANSWER ✔ light amplification by stimulated emission of
radiation
18.Milliamperage (mA) - ANSWER ✔ a measurement of x-ray tube current
- the number of electrons crossing the tube from cathode to anode per
second
19.moire pattern - ANSWER ✔ A visually undesirable dot-exaggerating
effect that occurs when two different screen patterns are randomly
positioned or superimposed.
,20.phosphor center - ANSWER ✔ area within the phosphor layer where
electrons are trapped
21.phosphor layer (active layer) - ANSWER ✔ a layer of photostimulable
phosphor that traps electrons during exposure
22.Photodetector - ANSWER ✔ converts light photons into electrons
23.Photostimulable phosphor (PSP) - ANSWER ✔ phosphor that produces
light when stimulated by light or x-ray photons
24.protective layer - ANSWER ✔ a thin, transparent coating placed over the
emulsion
25.Aliasing artifact - ANSWER ✔ occurs when tissue outside the Field of
View is undersampled, causing a misregistration of anatomical location,
in the phase direction, but on the opposite side of the anatomical location,
also known as wrap-around artifact
26.Archive query - ANSWER ✔ software function that allows historical
information to be gathered from digital storage, such as multiple
examinations, a range of dates, or by pathology
27.automatic rescaling - ANSWER ✔ process by which images are
produced with uniform brightness and contrast, regardless of the amount
of exposure
28.contrast manipulation - ANSWER ✔ conversion of the digital image
using contrast enhancement parameters
29.critical frequency - ANSWER ✔ the frequency of a signal that exactly
matches the Nyquist frequency, resulting in a zero-amplitude signal
caused by phase shifts
30.edge enhancement - ANSWER ✔ a process by which the visual system
makes edges as visible as possible, facilitating perception of where one
object or surface ends in the retinal image and another begins
, 31.high pass filtering - ANSWER ✔ technique for the enhancement of
contrast and edge that amplifies the frequencies of areas of interest that
are known (those frequencies that can be amplified) and suppresses
frequencies outside the area of interest
32.Histogram - ANSWER ✔ a bar graph depicting a frequency distribution
33.Image annotation - ANSWER ✔ software function that allows text or
markers to be digitally added to an image
34.image orientation - ANSWER ✔ identification of the top or side of an
image
35.image stitching - ANSWER ✔ process of "sewing" together multiple
images to form one continuous image
36.Look Up Table (LUT) - ANSWER ✔ data that are stored to substitute
new values for each pixel during processing
37.low pass filter - ANSWER ✔ Attenuates high frequency energy but
passes low frequency energy
38.manual send - ANSWER ✔ computer function that allows images to be
sent to specified reading stations
39.Nyquist Theorem - ANSWER ✔ states that a frequency must be sampled
at least twice in order to reproduce it reliably
40.patient demographics - ANSWER ✔ input information regarding patient
age, identifying number, ordering physician, and so on
41.shuttering - ANSWER ✔ used to blacken out the white collimation
borders in a digital image, effectively eliminating veil glare.
42.Signal sampling - ANSWER ✔ The time varying analog signal from the
photodetector is processed and digitized with attention paid to proper
sampling time (time between samples) and quantization (the value of
each sample).
