CPHON EXAM WITH ALL QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
A collection of conditions known as autoimmune hemolytic anantibodiesemia is
typified by ANSWER immune system dysfunction, in which antibodies are
generated against antigens on the surface of RBSs, leading to hemolysis.
The amount of antibody on the RBC surface determines the T/F RBC survival;
the more antibody there is, the faster the RBC is destroyed. ANSWER: True
Intravascular hemolysis occurs when antibodies attach to the RBC membrane,
triggering the complement cascade. Damaged membranes result in elevated
intracellular osmotic pressure, which causes the cell to rupture.
When complement attachment to RBC fails to initiate the complement cascade,
extravascular hemolysis is the result. The complement on the surface of RBCs
binds with receptors in macrophages in the lungs, liver, and spleen, which leads
to RBC phagocytosis.
ANSWER 1: Causes of AIHA (4). LUPUS (autoimmune diseases) 2. Infections
(mycoses, EBV, and hepatitis) 3. Peni and quinine drugs 4. Hematologic
conditions (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and Evan's syndrome)
AIHA Incidence: ANSWER: 1 incidence per 80,000 people
ANSWER: Pallor, jaundice, exhaustion, tachycardia, hypoxia, organ
destruction, and splenomagaly are clinical signs of severe AIHA.
If AIHA is suspected, which tests ought to be ordered? Retic, peripheral smear,
Coombs test, bilirubin, LDH, haptoglobin, and cbc d/p are the answers.
Results from the lab that point to the possibility of AIHA: ANSWER 1.
Antibodies against RBC 2 are shown by the Coombs direct (DAT) value of +.
Low levels of hemoglobin 3. Retic 4 was raised. erythrocyte agglutination,
, schistocytes, or spherocytes on blood smear 5. elevated LDH 6. reduced levels
of haptoglobin 7. Hemoglobinuria 8. Elevated Unconj bilirubin levels
Potential components of the AIHA treatment plan - ANSWER 1. If medicine is
thought to be the cause, stop taking it. 2-4 mg/kg of prednisone each day 3.
IVIG at High Dose 4. Splenectomy 5. Transfusion of pRBC 6. Supplementing
with Folic Acid 7. Because IgM is found in the intravascular region,
plasmapheresis occurs. Cytotoxic substances 9. Cyclosporine and other
immunosuppressive drugs 10. Treatment with hormones (danazol)
Which three categories of cytoxic ants are suitable for AIHA? ANSWER 1.
Antimetabolites: azathioprine, 6-mecaptupurine 2. agents that alkylate
(cyclophosphamide) 3. Vincristine and vinblastine are examples of mitotic
agents.
The most prevalent type of AIHA is T/F Cold Antibody AIHA, in which
autoantibodies attack red blood cells (RBCs) at temperatures much below
normal. .ANSWER: Untrue. In 75% of cases, the body is heated.
Pathophysiology of Warm Body AIHA IgG: ANSWER is the most prevalent
antibody; it binds to red blood cells; monocytes and macrophages in the spleen
identify it; it destroys the red blood cell membrane; the red blood cell changes
form and is targeted for death.
T/F Idiopathic (primary) AIHA accounts for 50% of cases. ANSWER: True
The prognosis for AIHA is often short-term (less than three months) and
resolves on its own.
Children are more likely to have cold antibody AIHA when -. IgM or IgG cold-
reacting antibodies that cross-react with the ABO antigens on the surface of red
blood cells are generated as a result of infection.
In cold antibody AIHA, which organ is the primary location of hemolysis?
ANSWER: Liver
There are two types of primary cold agglutinin disease: ANSWER chronic and
transitory chronic.
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
A collection of conditions known as autoimmune hemolytic anantibodiesemia is
typified by ANSWER immune system dysfunction, in which antibodies are
generated against antigens on the surface of RBSs, leading to hemolysis.
The amount of antibody on the RBC surface determines the T/F RBC survival;
the more antibody there is, the faster the RBC is destroyed. ANSWER: True
Intravascular hemolysis occurs when antibodies attach to the RBC membrane,
triggering the complement cascade. Damaged membranes result in elevated
intracellular osmotic pressure, which causes the cell to rupture.
When complement attachment to RBC fails to initiate the complement cascade,
extravascular hemolysis is the result. The complement on the surface of RBCs
binds with receptors in macrophages in the lungs, liver, and spleen, which leads
to RBC phagocytosis.
ANSWER 1: Causes of AIHA (4). LUPUS (autoimmune diseases) 2. Infections
(mycoses, EBV, and hepatitis) 3. Peni and quinine drugs 4. Hematologic
conditions (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and Evan's syndrome)
AIHA Incidence: ANSWER: 1 incidence per 80,000 people
ANSWER: Pallor, jaundice, exhaustion, tachycardia, hypoxia, organ
destruction, and splenomagaly are clinical signs of severe AIHA.
If AIHA is suspected, which tests ought to be ordered? Retic, peripheral smear,
Coombs test, bilirubin, LDH, haptoglobin, and cbc d/p are the answers.
Results from the lab that point to the possibility of AIHA: ANSWER 1.
Antibodies against RBC 2 are shown by the Coombs direct (DAT) value of +.
Low levels of hemoglobin 3. Retic 4 was raised. erythrocyte agglutination,
, schistocytes, or spherocytes on blood smear 5. elevated LDH 6. reduced levels
of haptoglobin 7. Hemoglobinuria 8. Elevated Unconj bilirubin levels
Potential components of the AIHA treatment plan - ANSWER 1. If medicine is
thought to be the cause, stop taking it. 2-4 mg/kg of prednisone each day 3.
IVIG at High Dose 4. Splenectomy 5. Transfusion of pRBC 6. Supplementing
with Folic Acid 7. Because IgM is found in the intravascular region,
plasmapheresis occurs. Cytotoxic substances 9. Cyclosporine and other
immunosuppressive drugs 10. Treatment with hormones (danazol)
Which three categories of cytoxic ants are suitable for AIHA? ANSWER 1.
Antimetabolites: azathioprine, 6-mecaptupurine 2. agents that alkylate
(cyclophosphamide) 3. Vincristine and vinblastine are examples of mitotic
agents.
The most prevalent type of AIHA is T/F Cold Antibody AIHA, in which
autoantibodies attack red blood cells (RBCs) at temperatures much below
normal. .ANSWER: Untrue. In 75% of cases, the body is heated.
Pathophysiology of Warm Body AIHA IgG: ANSWER is the most prevalent
antibody; it binds to red blood cells; monocytes and macrophages in the spleen
identify it; it destroys the red blood cell membrane; the red blood cell changes
form and is targeted for death.
T/F Idiopathic (primary) AIHA accounts for 50% of cases. ANSWER: True
The prognosis for AIHA is often short-term (less than three months) and
resolves on its own.
Children are more likely to have cold antibody AIHA when -. IgM or IgG cold-
reacting antibodies that cross-react with the ABO antigens on the surface of red
blood cells are generated as a result of infection.
In cold antibody AIHA, which organ is the primary location of hemolysis?
ANSWER: Liver
There are two types of primary cold agglutinin disease: ANSWER chronic and
transitory chronic.
