NAVLE BIBLE NEW EXAM 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What are some surgeries that nitrous oxide should NOT be used as an inhalant?
GI surgery; accumulates in gas filled spaces
How would you manage treatment of 3rd degree AV block in dogs?
Best tx = pacemaker
Increase HR = Atropine or Isoproterenol
**P waves completely unassociated from QRS
4-methylpyraozle is the treatment for what toxicity?
Ethylene glycol
**alcohol dehydrogenase; dogs only!
What is the underlying disease process of Pemphigus vulgaris?
IgG auto-Ab's bind to desmoglein causing loss of adhesion between keratinocytes (=
acantholysis)
**Poor long-term Prognosis
What is the most common canine cardiac disease, especially in small breed dogs? (60%
of dogs >8 yo)
Myxomatous Mitral valve degeneration
,**accumulation of acid-staining mucopolysaccharides on valves
What dog breed is associated with degenerative myelopathy & what clinical
presentation do you expect?
What is the most common location of this lesion?
German shepherd (older) --> T3-L3 lesion
Progressie HL weakness, conscious proprioception deficits + hyper-reflexive in HL;
normal FL
What are the 3 goals of articular fracture treatment?
1. Rigid fixation of fragments
2. Anatomic realignment (75% is inadequate)
3. Early return to function (prolonged rest = fibrosis)
A dog presents to you with temporalis muscle atrophy and his face has several crusted
alopecic areas with ruptured & ulcerated papules. What disease are you most
suspicious of & how do you treat?
Dermatomyositis (DMS)
Tx = Prednisone, Cyclosporine, Pentoxyfilline (improves blood flow)
**waxing & waning disease
**more severe = atrophy of distal extremities mm. + megaesophagus
What is the kidney threshold for Blood glucose before spillover into urine in dogs &
cats?
Dog = 180 mg/dL
,Cat = 200-280 mg/dL
A client just calls in a panic because her dog just ingested a decent amount of bleach.
What can be done for immediate relief?
Treat with milk to dilute stomach contents
**NO EMESIS --> corrosive agent
What part of the heart is hemangiosarcoma associated with?
Right atrium
What is the treatment for subaortic stenosis?
What needs to be done in the future before performing any surgery on these patients?
Beta-blockers (Atenolol) = reduce myocardial oxygen demand & lessens frequency of
ventricular arrhythmias
Prophylactic abx to prevent bactermia (high risk of infective endocarditis)
T or F:
Idiopathic epilepsy is seen in dogs 1-5 yo and is characterized as generalized
tonic-clonic with a normal inter-ictal period.
TRUE --> Usually 1/week, often at night.
A 6 mo Yorkie presents to you for a history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures after
eating and is obtunded in between periods. What is your presumptive diagnosis?
, Portosystemic shunt
What type of Hypersensitivity reaction is associated with vaccines?
Type I (IgE mediated)
What can Chlamydophila percorum cause in sheep & what is the treatment?
Any age = KCS
Pregnant = abortion
Lambs = polyarthritis
Tx = Tetracyclines; usually self-limiting
A cow recently came home from a show and is now presenting with a fever, injected
sclera, and open mouth breathing. Upon physical exam you hear harsh expiratory
wheezes & percuss ventral consolidation. What disease is most likely & what are the
causative agents?
Bronchopneumonia
Shipping Fever = Mannheima hemolytica
Which cranial nerve is responsible for tear production?
CN VII (Lacrimal n. branch)
**check for tear production with facial nerve paralysis
What are 3 differentials for dysphagia in horses?
1. GP infection
2. Lead poisoning
What are some surgeries that nitrous oxide should NOT be used as an inhalant?
GI surgery; accumulates in gas filled spaces
How would you manage treatment of 3rd degree AV block in dogs?
Best tx = pacemaker
Increase HR = Atropine or Isoproterenol
**P waves completely unassociated from QRS
4-methylpyraozle is the treatment for what toxicity?
Ethylene glycol
**alcohol dehydrogenase; dogs only!
What is the underlying disease process of Pemphigus vulgaris?
IgG auto-Ab's bind to desmoglein causing loss of adhesion between keratinocytes (=
acantholysis)
**Poor long-term Prognosis
What is the most common canine cardiac disease, especially in small breed dogs? (60%
of dogs >8 yo)
Myxomatous Mitral valve degeneration
,**accumulation of acid-staining mucopolysaccharides on valves
What dog breed is associated with degenerative myelopathy & what clinical
presentation do you expect?
What is the most common location of this lesion?
German shepherd (older) --> T3-L3 lesion
Progressie HL weakness, conscious proprioception deficits + hyper-reflexive in HL;
normal FL
What are the 3 goals of articular fracture treatment?
1. Rigid fixation of fragments
2. Anatomic realignment (75% is inadequate)
3. Early return to function (prolonged rest = fibrosis)
A dog presents to you with temporalis muscle atrophy and his face has several crusted
alopecic areas with ruptured & ulcerated papules. What disease are you most
suspicious of & how do you treat?
Dermatomyositis (DMS)
Tx = Prednisone, Cyclosporine, Pentoxyfilline (improves blood flow)
**waxing & waning disease
**more severe = atrophy of distal extremities mm. + megaesophagus
What is the kidney threshold for Blood glucose before spillover into urine in dogs &
cats?
Dog = 180 mg/dL
,Cat = 200-280 mg/dL
A client just calls in a panic because her dog just ingested a decent amount of bleach.
What can be done for immediate relief?
Treat with milk to dilute stomach contents
**NO EMESIS --> corrosive agent
What part of the heart is hemangiosarcoma associated with?
Right atrium
What is the treatment for subaortic stenosis?
What needs to be done in the future before performing any surgery on these patients?
Beta-blockers (Atenolol) = reduce myocardial oxygen demand & lessens frequency of
ventricular arrhythmias
Prophylactic abx to prevent bactermia (high risk of infective endocarditis)
T or F:
Idiopathic epilepsy is seen in dogs 1-5 yo and is characterized as generalized
tonic-clonic with a normal inter-ictal period.
TRUE --> Usually 1/week, often at night.
A 6 mo Yorkie presents to you for a history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures after
eating and is obtunded in between periods. What is your presumptive diagnosis?
, Portosystemic shunt
What type of Hypersensitivity reaction is associated with vaccines?
Type I (IgE mediated)
What can Chlamydophila percorum cause in sheep & what is the treatment?
Any age = KCS
Pregnant = abortion
Lambs = polyarthritis
Tx = Tetracyclines; usually self-limiting
A cow recently came home from a show and is now presenting with a fever, injected
sclera, and open mouth breathing. Upon physical exam you hear harsh expiratory
wheezes & percuss ventral consolidation. What disease is most likely & what are the
causative agents?
Bronchopneumonia
Shipping Fever = Mannheima hemolytica
Which cranial nerve is responsible for tear production?
CN VII (Lacrimal n. branch)
**check for tear production with facial nerve paralysis
What are 3 differentials for dysphagia in horses?
1. GP infection
2. Lead poisoning
