PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTICE. ALL EXAM REVISION
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED
A+) (2024 UPDATE) 100%
What are some precautions for spinal traction? - ANSWER- acute spinal conditions,
hypertension and respiratory disease, spinal surgery, dentures (cervical pulley only), breathing
problems (lumbar only)
What is the patient position for mechanical lumbar traction? - ANSWER- 2 harness, pelvic and
thoracic, patient with hips/knees flexed
How much force is used with mechanical lumbar traction? - ANSWER- 30-60% of body weight
What is the treatment time for mechanical lumbar traction? - ANSWER- 10-30 min
What is a Saunders device? - ANSWER- harness for mechanical cervical traction
What should the head/neck angle be for cervical traction? - ANSWER- neutral to 30 degrees
flexion
How much force is used with cervical traction? - ANSWER- 20-30% of body weight
How much weight should you begin with for cervical traction? - ANSWER- 15-25 pounds
What is the max tolerance for cervical traction? - ANSWER- usually 40-50 pounds
Is inversion recommended? - ANSWER- no
,What are the contraindications and precautions for inversion? - ANSWER- heart disease,
hypertension, glaucoma, sinus infections and asthma, migraines, detached retina
What are the stages of the death and dying model - ANSWER- Denial, anger, bargaining,
depression, acceptance
How applicable is the death and dying model for athletic injury? - ANSWER- not good
Cognitive Appraisal Models of pain state that response to injury depends on? - ANSWER-
understanding of the injury
What is the purpose of pain? - ANSWER- warns of impending injury, essential for survival,
protects the body, signifies something is wrong, limits further injury
Which mechanoreceptors are associated with pressure and touch - ANSWER- meissners
corpuscles, pacinian corpuscles
Which mechanoreceptors are associated with skin stretch/pressure? - ANSWER- Merkle cells,
Ruffini endings
What proprioceptors are associated with change in muscle length and spindle tension - ANSWER-
Golgi Tendon organs
Which proprioceptors are associated with change in joint position - ANSWER- pacinian
corpuscles
Which proprioceptors are associated with joint end range - ANSWER- Ruffini endings
phases of healing - ANSWER- - inflammation
,- repair
- remodeling
what is the purpose of inflammation - ANSWER- - immobilize the area
- defend against intruders
- remove damaged tissue and debris
signs of inflammation - ANSWER- celsus
- heat
- redness
- pain
- swelling
virchow
- loss of function
what characterizes inflammation - ANSWER- - vasodilation
- increased capillary permeability
- phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages
- growth of new capillaries
inflammatory chemicals that cause pain - ANSWER- - bradykinin
- prostaglandins
, - serotonin
type of secondary injury caused by lysosomal enzymes and healthy tissue is damaged - ANSWER-
secondary enzymatic injury
type of secondary injury caused by hemorrhage, clotting, edema, spasms, hematoma - ANSWER-
secondary hypoxic injury
what does hemorrhage, clotting, edema, spasms and hematoma lead to in secondary injury -
ANSWER- decreased oxygen and nutrients to the area (secondary hypoxic injury)
goal of inflammation phase - ANSWER- preserve ROM
what can be done to limit extent of inflammation - ANSWER- PRICE
- protect
- rest
- ice
- compress
- elevate
timing of acute phase of ankle sprains - ANSWER- grade 1 - 1-3 days
grade 2 - 2-4 days
grade 3 - 3-7 days
goals in acute phase of ankle sprains - ANSWER- - decrease swelling
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (ALREADY GRADED
A+) (2024 UPDATE) 100%
What are some precautions for spinal traction? - ANSWER- acute spinal conditions,
hypertension and respiratory disease, spinal surgery, dentures (cervical pulley only), breathing
problems (lumbar only)
What is the patient position for mechanical lumbar traction? - ANSWER- 2 harness, pelvic and
thoracic, patient with hips/knees flexed
How much force is used with mechanical lumbar traction? - ANSWER- 30-60% of body weight
What is the treatment time for mechanical lumbar traction? - ANSWER- 10-30 min
What is a Saunders device? - ANSWER- harness for mechanical cervical traction
What should the head/neck angle be for cervical traction? - ANSWER- neutral to 30 degrees
flexion
How much force is used with cervical traction? - ANSWER- 20-30% of body weight
How much weight should you begin with for cervical traction? - ANSWER- 15-25 pounds
What is the max tolerance for cervical traction? - ANSWER- usually 40-50 pounds
Is inversion recommended? - ANSWER- no
,What are the contraindications and precautions for inversion? - ANSWER- heart disease,
hypertension, glaucoma, sinus infections and asthma, migraines, detached retina
What are the stages of the death and dying model - ANSWER- Denial, anger, bargaining,
depression, acceptance
How applicable is the death and dying model for athletic injury? - ANSWER- not good
Cognitive Appraisal Models of pain state that response to injury depends on? - ANSWER-
understanding of the injury
What is the purpose of pain? - ANSWER- warns of impending injury, essential for survival,
protects the body, signifies something is wrong, limits further injury
Which mechanoreceptors are associated with pressure and touch - ANSWER- meissners
corpuscles, pacinian corpuscles
Which mechanoreceptors are associated with skin stretch/pressure? - ANSWER- Merkle cells,
Ruffini endings
What proprioceptors are associated with change in muscle length and spindle tension - ANSWER-
Golgi Tendon organs
Which proprioceptors are associated with change in joint position - ANSWER- pacinian
corpuscles
Which proprioceptors are associated with joint end range - ANSWER- Ruffini endings
phases of healing - ANSWER- - inflammation
,- repair
- remodeling
what is the purpose of inflammation - ANSWER- - immobilize the area
- defend against intruders
- remove damaged tissue and debris
signs of inflammation - ANSWER- celsus
- heat
- redness
- pain
- swelling
virchow
- loss of function
what characterizes inflammation - ANSWER- - vasodilation
- increased capillary permeability
- phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages
- growth of new capillaries
inflammatory chemicals that cause pain - ANSWER- - bradykinin
- prostaglandins
, - serotonin
type of secondary injury caused by lysosomal enzymes and healthy tissue is damaged - ANSWER-
secondary enzymatic injury
type of secondary injury caused by hemorrhage, clotting, edema, spasms, hematoma - ANSWER-
secondary hypoxic injury
what does hemorrhage, clotting, edema, spasms and hematoma lead to in secondary injury -
ANSWER- decreased oxygen and nutrients to the area (secondary hypoxic injury)
goal of inflammation phase - ANSWER- preserve ROM
what can be done to limit extent of inflammation - ANSWER- PRICE
- protect
- rest
- ice
- compress
- elevate
timing of acute phase of ankle sprains - ANSWER- grade 1 - 1-3 days
grade 2 - 2-4 days
grade 3 - 3-7 days
goals in acute phase of ankle sprains - ANSWER- - decrease swelling
