©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/7/2024 12:35 PM
PLT - Early Childhood Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
Cooperative learning - answer✔method of instruction that has students working together with
a common goal
direct instruction - answer✔teacher based/centered; scripted lesson plans; students know
goals; assessment and feedback is frequent; teach content and review learning
discovery learning - answer✔inquiry based instruction; constructivist learning; Piaget, Bruner,
Papert; problem-solving situations
interdisciplinary instruction - answer✔cross-curricular unit
concept mapping - answer✔graphic organizer; diagram showing relationships among concepts;
arrows to each concept
inquiry method - answer✔student-centered learning method of education focuses on asking
questions; teachers should not give a direct answer but rather encourage further questioning
theorists - answer✔Albert Bandura, Jerome Bruner, John Dewey, Jean Piaget, Lve Vygotsky,
Howard Gardner, Abraham Maslow, B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura - answer✔social development; social learning theory (children learn new
behaviors from observing other people); intrinsic reinforcements (pride, satisfaction,
accomplishment) could also lead to learning
Lev Vygotsky - answer✔children learn actively through hands-on experiences; sociocultural
theory (parents, caregivers, peers, and the culture at large were responsible for the
development of higher order functions)
B.F. Skinner - answer✔behaviorism; operant conditioning theory (children's behavior can be
increased based on the presentation of reinforcers and decreased through punishment);
imitation of observational learning increases the chances that children will learn new behaviors
(continuation of Bandura's social learning theory)
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/7/2024 12:35 PM
Jean Piaget - answer✔cognitive-developmental theory (stages of development); reasoning
deepens in children as they grow; engagement in the physical and social world enhances
development; conceptual change occurs through assimilation and accommodation
Jerome Bruner - answer✔believed that discovery learning will help students think for
themselves and discover how knowledge is constructed
John Dewey - answer✔American educator who believed in "learning by doing" that education
for life should be a primary goal
Howard Gardner - answer✔theory of multiple intelligences
Abraham Maslow - answer✔humanistic theorist most famous for the development of the
hierarchies of needs
constructivism - answer✔learning theory; construct understanding through reflection of
experience
Zone of Proximal Development - answer✔the difference between what a child can do with help
and what a child can do without any help or guidance
Bloom's Taxonomy - answer✔cognitive learning (intellectual skills), psychomotor learning skill,
affective learning (attitude of learning)
metacognition - answer✔can explain his/her own learning processes and talk about strategies
used to gain knowledge
schemata - answer✔association of new information with old information
transfer - answer✔applying an old lesson to a new lesson; transform lesson
extrinsic motivation - answer✔reward-type motivations for learning
intrinsic motivation - answer✔reward within; ex. pride, achievement, etc.
readiness - answer✔a context within which a student's more basic needs (sleep, safety, love,
etc.) are met and the student is cognitively ready for developmentally appropriate problem-
solving and learning
scaffolding - answer✔instructional supports provided to a student by an adult or more capable
peer in learning situations; more capable becomes, the less scaffolding needed
Erik Erikson - answer✔"8 stages of human development" based on conflict in life
11/7/2024 12:35 PM
PLT - Early Childhood Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
Cooperative learning - answer✔method of instruction that has students working together with
a common goal
direct instruction - answer✔teacher based/centered; scripted lesson plans; students know
goals; assessment and feedback is frequent; teach content and review learning
discovery learning - answer✔inquiry based instruction; constructivist learning; Piaget, Bruner,
Papert; problem-solving situations
interdisciplinary instruction - answer✔cross-curricular unit
concept mapping - answer✔graphic organizer; diagram showing relationships among concepts;
arrows to each concept
inquiry method - answer✔student-centered learning method of education focuses on asking
questions; teachers should not give a direct answer but rather encourage further questioning
theorists - answer✔Albert Bandura, Jerome Bruner, John Dewey, Jean Piaget, Lve Vygotsky,
Howard Gardner, Abraham Maslow, B.F. Skinner
Albert Bandura - answer✔social development; social learning theory (children learn new
behaviors from observing other people); intrinsic reinforcements (pride, satisfaction,
accomplishment) could also lead to learning
Lev Vygotsky - answer✔children learn actively through hands-on experiences; sociocultural
theory (parents, caregivers, peers, and the culture at large were responsible for the
development of higher order functions)
B.F. Skinner - answer✔behaviorism; operant conditioning theory (children's behavior can be
increased based on the presentation of reinforcers and decreased through punishment);
imitation of observational learning increases the chances that children will learn new behaviors
(continuation of Bandura's social learning theory)
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/7/2024 12:35 PM
Jean Piaget - answer✔cognitive-developmental theory (stages of development); reasoning
deepens in children as they grow; engagement in the physical and social world enhances
development; conceptual change occurs through assimilation and accommodation
Jerome Bruner - answer✔believed that discovery learning will help students think for
themselves and discover how knowledge is constructed
John Dewey - answer✔American educator who believed in "learning by doing" that education
for life should be a primary goal
Howard Gardner - answer✔theory of multiple intelligences
Abraham Maslow - answer✔humanistic theorist most famous for the development of the
hierarchies of needs
constructivism - answer✔learning theory; construct understanding through reflection of
experience
Zone of Proximal Development - answer✔the difference between what a child can do with help
and what a child can do without any help or guidance
Bloom's Taxonomy - answer✔cognitive learning (intellectual skills), psychomotor learning skill,
affective learning (attitude of learning)
metacognition - answer✔can explain his/her own learning processes and talk about strategies
used to gain knowledge
schemata - answer✔association of new information with old information
transfer - answer✔applying an old lesson to a new lesson; transform lesson
extrinsic motivation - answer✔reward-type motivations for learning
intrinsic motivation - answer✔reward within; ex. pride, achievement, etc.
readiness - answer✔a context within which a student's more basic needs (sleep, safety, love,
etc.) are met and the student is cognitively ready for developmentally appropriate problem-
solving and learning
scaffolding - answer✔instructional supports provided to a student by an adult or more capable
peer in learning situations; more capable becomes, the less scaffolding needed
Erik Erikson - answer✔"8 stages of human development" based on conflict in life
