©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
PHSL 1010 Exam 3 Study Guide.
Osmoregulation - answer✔the control of solute concentrations(electrolytes) and water balance -
excretion or reabsorption
metabolic waste kidney filters - answer✔co2 - generated from oxidative phos
nitrogenous waste - break down of proteins and deamination of AA (ammonia, add ion to make urea
which can be filtered out in urine)
kidney as a solid organ - answer✔huge numbers of tiny tubules, capillaries that are mashed together to
give appearance of a solid organ
actually a tubule organ
cortex of kidney - answer✔outer portion of kidney, contains large numbers of renal corpuscles -
filtration (glomerulus and bowman's capsule)
medulla of kidney - answer✔inner portion of kidney, composed of collecting tubules that empty into the
renal pelvis
glomerulus - answer✔A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the nephron and serving
as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
just filtration (blood to lumen)
bowman's capsule - answer✔cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the
glomerulus and which filtration takes place.
functional unit of the kidney - answer✔nephron
series of continuous tubules
hylas of the kidney - answer✔where renal artery enters and major vein leaves
beginning of ureter
afferent arteriole - answer✔enters glomerulus
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
efferent arteriole - answer✔leaves glomerulus
peritubular capillaries - answer✔The network of tiny blood vessels that surrounds the proximal and
distal tubules in the kidney - expand down to vasa recta, further filtration from afferent arteriole
renal corpuscle - answer✔glomerulus and bowman's capsule
filter blood
after filtration, elements in blood - answer✔RBC, WBC, platelets and larger proteins
fluid out of blood - answer✔glucose, electrolytes, smaller proteins and peptides, returned to body
proximal convoluted tubule - answer✔first section of the renal tubule that the blood flows through;
reabsorption of water, ions, and all organic nutrients - first return
descending loop of henle - answer✔reabsorption of water/permeable - returned to capillaries
ascending loop of henle - answer✔reabsorbs Na+ and Cl- from the filtrate into the interstitial fluid
distal convoluted tubule - answer✔Between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct; Selective
reabsorption and secretion occur here, most notably to regulate reabsorption of water and sodium
collecting duct - answer✔A segment of the nephron that returns water form the filtrate to the
bloodstream. - descending into renal pelvis
kidney dialysis - answer✔methods of filtering impurities from the blood, replacing the function of one or
both kidneys lost in renal failure
reabsorption - answer✔lumen to blood
glucose, Na+ and water returned
secretion - answer✔blood to lumen
substances are not filtered but need to be excreted
proximal capillaries - answer✔reabsorption and secretion
loop of henle job - answer✔reabsorption - water in descending and electrolytes in ascending
blood to lumen
distal tubule job - answer✔absorption and secretion
collecting duct job - answer✔absorption and secretion
glomerular filtration rate - answer✔the volume of fluid that filters into Bowman's capsule per unit time
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
PHSL 1010 Exam 3 Study Guide.
Osmoregulation - answer✔the control of solute concentrations(electrolytes) and water balance -
excretion or reabsorption
metabolic waste kidney filters - answer✔co2 - generated from oxidative phos
nitrogenous waste - break down of proteins and deamination of AA (ammonia, add ion to make urea
which can be filtered out in urine)
kidney as a solid organ - answer✔huge numbers of tiny tubules, capillaries that are mashed together to
give appearance of a solid organ
actually a tubule organ
cortex of kidney - answer✔outer portion of kidney, contains large numbers of renal corpuscles -
filtration (glomerulus and bowman's capsule)
medulla of kidney - answer✔inner portion of kidney, composed of collecting tubules that empty into the
renal pelvis
glomerulus - answer✔A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the nephron and serving
as the site of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
just filtration (blood to lumen)
bowman's capsule - answer✔cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron of a kidney which encloses the
glomerulus and which filtration takes place.
functional unit of the kidney - answer✔nephron
series of continuous tubules
hylas of the kidney - answer✔where renal artery enters and major vein leaves
beginning of ureter
afferent arteriole - answer✔enters glomerulus
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/8/2024 12:08 PM
efferent arteriole - answer✔leaves glomerulus
peritubular capillaries - answer✔The network of tiny blood vessels that surrounds the proximal and
distal tubules in the kidney - expand down to vasa recta, further filtration from afferent arteriole
renal corpuscle - answer✔glomerulus and bowman's capsule
filter blood
after filtration, elements in blood - answer✔RBC, WBC, platelets and larger proteins
fluid out of blood - answer✔glucose, electrolytes, smaller proteins and peptides, returned to body
proximal convoluted tubule - answer✔first section of the renal tubule that the blood flows through;
reabsorption of water, ions, and all organic nutrients - first return
descending loop of henle - answer✔reabsorption of water/permeable - returned to capillaries
ascending loop of henle - answer✔reabsorbs Na+ and Cl- from the filtrate into the interstitial fluid
distal convoluted tubule - answer✔Between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct; Selective
reabsorption and secretion occur here, most notably to regulate reabsorption of water and sodium
collecting duct - answer✔A segment of the nephron that returns water form the filtrate to the
bloodstream. - descending into renal pelvis
kidney dialysis - answer✔methods of filtering impurities from the blood, replacing the function of one or
both kidneys lost in renal failure
reabsorption - answer✔lumen to blood
glucose, Na+ and water returned
secretion - answer✔blood to lumen
substances are not filtered but need to be excreted
proximal capillaries - answer✔reabsorption and secretion
loop of henle job - answer✔reabsorption - water in descending and electrolytes in ascending
blood to lumen
distal tubule job - answer✔absorption and secretion
collecting duct job - answer✔absorption and secretion
glomerular filtration rate - answer✔the volume of fluid that filters into Bowman's capsule per unit time
