MCN 374 Practice Study Guide Questions
with Distinction level Marking scheme
version 2024/2025
Effect of Immobility on Families - correct answer Extended
period of immobilization - logistical management of sick child
and need for family support and home care assistance
Coping skills
Possible Nursing Diagnoses - correct answer Altered gait
Impaired mobility
Risk for falls
Risk for constipation
Risk for impaired skin integrity
Disuse syndrome
Impaired transfer ability
Impaired nutrition less than body requirements
Impaired swallowing
Immunity - correct answer Protection from an infectious
disease
If you are immune to a disease, you can be exposed to it without
becoming infected
Vaccine - correct answer A product that stimulates a
person's immune system to produce immunity to a specific
disease, protecting the person from that disease
,Vaccines are usually administered through needle injections, but
can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose
Vaccination - correct answer The act of introducing a
vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease
Immunization - correct answer A process by which a person
becomes protected against a disease through vaccination
Active Immunity - correct answer Lasts longer - possibly
lifelong
Natural - disease process e.g. contracting the chidden pox
Acquired - getting a vaccine (triggers antibody creating)
Passive Immunity - correct answer Short lived
Natural - maternal antibodies passed across placental to baby
Acquired - introduce antibodies e.g. IVIG
Cannot give live virus before 12m
Types of Vaccines - correct answer Dead virus - polio
vaccine
Toxoid - treated by heat or chemically treated to weaken the
toxic effects fo the virus, e.g. tetanus
Live virus - e.g. MMR, varicella, influenza (nasal -
attenuated/weakened so in theory you have less of a chance of
getting the disease from the actual vaccine
Recombinant forms - e.g. Hep B, organisms used in the vaccine
,Conjugated forms - e.g. Haemophilus influenza (HIB)
Immunization Schedule - correct answer Revised yearly
Timing and spacing is critical to developing the appropriate level
of immunity
Vaccine Information Sheets - correct answer VISs are
information sheets produced by the CDC that explain to parents,
legal guardians, and recipients of a vaccine that tells the benefits
and risks of a vaccine
Federal law that the sheets be given out before each dose is
administered
Make sure you have the current VIS sheet and document it was
given in chart
Before Giving a Vaccine - correct answer Check
immunization schedule to see what the patient is due to receive
Check the provider's orders and compare to schedule
Screen for precautions or contraindications (Allergies to food,
components of vaccine, Is the child sick today? - mild illness it's
okay to give, provider's choice
Give patients/parents correct VIS and explain what will be given
and review "what to expect" and how to manage possible side
effects
Double check vial for vaccine name and expiration date
Make sure you look at child to determine sites and needle size
and holding/positioning needed
Documentation (before and after)
, Giving All Doses Under 12m - correct answer IM = 1 inch
(90 degree angle)
SC = 5.8th inch for less than 1m old or small/preemie babies (45
degree angle)
Using combination vaccines will decrease the number of
injections
IM injections are given in the infant's anterolateral thigh
SC injections may be given into the arm or thigh (assess pt to
select best site)
Separate injection sites by 1-2 inches
May consider a 5/8th needle for IM injections only in newborns
less than 4 weeks
DTap and PCT most commonly cause localized reactions, so it is
recommended to give them in different limbs if possible
Oral - Rota
IM thigh - PCV, Hep B, DTap, HIB, IPV
Giving All Doses 12m and Older - correct answer IM = 1-
1.5in
SC = 5/8th inch
Separate injection sites by 1-2 inches
Anterolateral thigh is the preferred site for multiple IM injections
Deltoid (upper arm) is an option for IM in children > or equal to
18mo with adequate muscle mass
Using combination vaccines will decrease the number of
injections needed to keep a child up to date
*SQ - MMR and varicella*
IM thigh - PCV, Hep A and B, DTap, HIB
with Distinction level Marking scheme
version 2024/2025
Effect of Immobility on Families - correct answer Extended
period of immobilization - logistical management of sick child
and need for family support and home care assistance
Coping skills
Possible Nursing Diagnoses - correct answer Altered gait
Impaired mobility
Risk for falls
Risk for constipation
Risk for impaired skin integrity
Disuse syndrome
Impaired transfer ability
Impaired nutrition less than body requirements
Impaired swallowing
Immunity - correct answer Protection from an infectious
disease
If you are immune to a disease, you can be exposed to it without
becoming infected
Vaccine - correct answer A product that stimulates a
person's immune system to produce immunity to a specific
disease, protecting the person from that disease
,Vaccines are usually administered through needle injections, but
can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose
Vaccination - correct answer The act of introducing a
vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a specific disease
Immunization - correct answer A process by which a person
becomes protected against a disease through vaccination
Active Immunity - correct answer Lasts longer - possibly
lifelong
Natural - disease process e.g. contracting the chidden pox
Acquired - getting a vaccine (triggers antibody creating)
Passive Immunity - correct answer Short lived
Natural - maternal antibodies passed across placental to baby
Acquired - introduce antibodies e.g. IVIG
Cannot give live virus before 12m
Types of Vaccines - correct answer Dead virus - polio
vaccine
Toxoid - treated by heat or chemically treated to weaken the
toxic effects fo the virus, e.g. tetanus
Live virus - e.g. MMR, varicella, influenza (nasal -
attenuated/weakened so in theory you have less of a chance of
getting the disease from the actual vaccine
Recombinant forms - e.g. Hep B, organisms used in the vaccine
,Conjugated forms - e.g. Haemophilus influenza (HIB)
Immunization Schedule - correct answer Revised yearly
Timing and spacing is critical to developing the appropriate level
of immunity
Vaccine Information Sheets - correct answer VISs are
information sheets produced by the CDC that explain to parents,
legal guardians, and recipients of a vaccine that tells the benefits
and risks of a vaccine
Federal law that the sheets be given out before each dose is
administered
Make sure you have the current VIS sheet and document it was
given in chart
Before Giving a Vaccine - correct answer Check
immunization schedule to see what the patient is due to receive
Check the provider's orders and compare to schedule
Screen for precautions or contraindications (Allergies to food,
components of vaccine, Is the child sick today? - mild illness it's
okay to give, provider's choice
Give patients/parents correct VIS and explain what will be given
and review "what to expect" and how to manage possible side
effects
Double check vial for vaccine name and expiration date
Make sure you look at child to determine sites and needle size
and holding/positioning needed
Documentation (before and after)
, Giving All Doses Under 12m - correct answer IM = 1 inch
(90 degree angle)
SC = 5.8th inch for less than 1m old or small/preemie babies (45
degree angle)
Using combination vaccines will decrease the number of
injections
IM injections are given in the infant's anterolateral thigh
SC injections may be given into the arm or thigh (assess pt to
select best site)
Separate injection sites by 1-2 inches
May consider a 5/8th needle for IM injections only in newborns
less than 4 weeks
DTap and PCT most commonly cause localized reactions, so it is
recommended to give them in different limbs if possible
Oral - Rota
IM thigh - PCV, Hep B, DTap, HIB, IPV
Giving All Doses 12m and Older - correct answer IM = 1-
1.5in
SC = 5/8th inch
Separate injection sites by 1-2 inches
Anterolateral thigh is the preferred site for multiple IM injections
Deltoid (upper arm) is an option for IM in children > or equal to
18mo with adequate muscle mass
Using combination vaccines will decrease the number of
injections needed to keep a child up to date
*SQ - MMR and varicella*
IM thigh - PCV, Hep A and B, DTap, HIB
