System Technologies:
Information processing cycle:
1. Input-give input to comp so it knows what to do
{touchscreen, mouse}-device takes data and converts
into binary code (1’s & 0’s). any device that allows you to
enter data into a comp and interact with it.
2. Processing-comp processes data you give, so that what
you want can happen. {CPU}-CPU uses binary code to
display data in a way that user can understand and stores
it as pixels. Components include:
Motherboard-connects components in a comp and
houses ports, like the USB (universal serial bus), VGA
(visual graphics array) and HDMI (high-definition
multimedia interface).
CPU receives & carries out instructions given by users.
GPU (graphics processing unit) makes calculations and
follows instructions to display on screen.
CPU speed measured in GHz.
3. Output-what comp gives you after processing. {normally
soft copy or hard copy}-displays pixels. These devices
show processed data as information that humans can
understand. Type of screens: Liquid crystal displays
(LCDs) & LEDs.
4. Storage-to store output permanently. {USB, HDD}-CPU
writes data in RAM (Random Access Memory) =temporary
storage. Comp then waits for data to be moved to more
permanent storage=if command is given, comp writes
data in disk drive. Computer then saves Data in a location
on drive (default location or set by user). User can then
access data any time. Info needed to make a comp
function, like the OS or basic input/ output system (BIOS).
RAM faster than normal hard drive, but more
expensive. Requires constant power. Install more
RAM for faster comp.
To start comp, it must read ROM.
5. Communication-you can share the output you saved.
{email}-also communication between user and comp
(input type on keyboard & output on screen). Can also be
across networks. Internet is a huge web of computers
[1]
, linked and opening browser, links you to those computers.
These computers then communicate to give you what you
want.
OS allows user to communicate with comp by
providing necessary memory for specific things. It
also provides the GUI, which allows you to control
software (set of instructions that tells comp what to
do.) and hardware with things like menus.
ICT (information and communication technology)-tech
that provides access to info through
telecommunication. (mobile phone, internet, PoS
systems). Made to speed up services.
ICT system: combo of hardware and software to
collect, manipulate, extract and comm data.
Sending a WhatsApp message:
The process starts with opening WhatsApp and typing a
message (input & output). When you press SEND, the
WhatsApp application communicates with servers to send
the message and displays it in the current conversation.
WhatsApp keeps record of the messages(storage).
Non portable computers:
-supercomputers are used for difficult calculations like
predicting weather. (Most powerful)
-mainframes are used by big organisations for tasks like big
data processing. (second most)
-servers purpose is to give info to users (usually one specific
type), and they are made to process massive amounts of
data quickly. Provides resources to client computers (comp
that uses services and resources of server) in network. (third
most)
Servers usually only used for one task:
Email servers only send and receive emails.
Web servers interact with browsers like Chrome.
File servers are responsible for storage and
management of data.
[2]
, -workstations for things like precision drawings (3D design)
-desktop PCs are generally in offices, homes etc. processing
power ranges from medium to very high. Not very portable,
because needs a power source and internal components are
delicate.
Portable computers:
-laptops are for work and personal use. They are ‘mid-range
devices’ (suitable for normal use). Contains a battery, no
need for external power.
-tablets are mainly for entertainment and web browsing, but
processing power is not very high.
-smartphones are mainly designed to be communication
devices.
Dedicated devices-devices with embedded computers,
designed to perform specific functions and is limited
in what they can do:
-ATM allows users to draw money, apply for loans, pay bills
without needing to visit a branch and they are only designed
for banking. There is a new generation of ATMs for
cryptocurrency transactions (buy and sell crypto)
-smart fridges have touchscreens and can connect to
internet. Can customise temp, track expiry dates, create
grocery lists.
BYOD policy-bring your own device is when people are
allowed to bring their portable devices to work and
access the network. Technical challenges include
compatibility with different OS, power sources, security
of data and networks. Advantages are that it is cost
effective, and users are more comfortable with their
own devices.
Keep computer safe through movement alarm, cable
lock.
Protect desktop against power failure through UPS
(uninterruptable power supply)
[3]
Information processing cycle:
1. Input-give input to comp so it knows what to do
{touchscreen, mouse}-device takes data and converts
into binary code (1’s & 0’s). any device that allows you to
enter data into a comp and interact with it.
2. Processing-comp processes data you give, so that what
you want can happen. {CPU}-CPU uses binary code to
display data in a way that user can understand and stores
it as pixels. Components include:
Motherboard-connects components in a comp and
houses ports, like the USB (universal serial bus), VGA
(visual graphics array) and HDMI (high-definition
multimedia interface).
CPU receives & carries out instructions given by users.
GPU (graphics processing unit) makes calculations and
follows instructions to display on screen.
CPU speed measured in GHz.
3. Output-what comp gives you after processing. {normally
soft copy or hard copy}-displays pixels. These devices
show processed data as information that humans can
understand. Type of screens: Liquid crystal displays
(LCDs) & LEDs.
4. Storage-to store output permanently. {USB, HDD}-CPU
writes data in RAM (Random Access Memory) =temporary
storage. Comp then waits for data to be moved to more
permanent storage=if command is given, comp writes
data in disk drive. Computer then saves Data in a location
on drive (default location or set by user). User can then
access data any time. Info needed to make a comp
function, like the OS or basic input/ output system (BIOS).
RAM faster than normal hard drive, but more
expensive. Requires constant power. Install more
RAM for faster comp.
To start comp, it must read ROM.
5. Communication-you can share the output you saved.
{email}-also communication between user and comp
(input type on keyboard & output on screen). Can also be
across networks. Internet is a huge web of computers
[1]
, linked and opening browser, links you to those computers.
These computers then communicate to give you what you
want.
OS allows user to communicate with comp by
providing necessary memory for specific things. It
also provides the GUI, which allows you to control
software (set of instructions that tells comp what to
do.) and hardware with things like menus.
ICT (information and communication technology)-tech
that provides access to info through
telecommunication. (mobile phone, internet, PoS
systems). Made to speed up services.
ICT system: combo of hardware and software to
collect, manipulate, extract and comm data.
Sending a WhatsApp message:
The process starts with opening WhatsApp and typing a
message (input & output). When you press SEND, the
WhatsApp application communicates with servers to send
the message and displays it in the current conversation.
WhatsApp keeps record of the messages(storage).
Non portable computers:
-supercomputers are used for difficult calculations like
predicting weather. (Most powerful)
-mainframes are used by big organisations for tasks like big
data processing. (second most)
-servers purpose is to give info to users (usually one specific
type), and they are made to process massive amounts of
data quickly. Provides resources to client computers (comp
that uses services and resources of server) in network. (third
most)
Servers usually only used for one task:
Email servers only send and receive emails.
Web servers interact with browsers like Chrome.
File servers are responsible for storage and
management of data.
[2]
, -workstations for things like precision drawings (3D design)
-desktop PCs are generally in offices, homes etc. processing
power ranges from medium to very high. Not very portable,
because needs a power source and internal components are
delicate.
Portable computers:
-laptops are for work and personal use. They are ‘mid-range
devices’ (suitable for normal use). Contains a battery, no
need for external power.
-tablets are mainly for entertainment and web browsing, but
processing power is not very high.
-smartphones are mainly designed to be communication
devices.
Dedicated devices-devices with embedded computers,
designed to perform specific functions and is limited
in what they can do:
-ATM allows users to draw money, apply for loans, pay bills
without needing to visit a branch and they are only designed
for banking. There is a new generation of ATMs for
cryptocurrency transactions (buy and sell crypto)
-smart fridges have touchscreens and can connect to
internet. Can customise temp, track expiry dates, create
grocery lists.
BYOD policy-bring your own device is when people are
allowed to bring their portable devices to work and
access the network. Technical challenges include
compatibility with different OS, power sources, security
of data and networks. Advantages are that it is cost
effective, and users are more comfortable with their
own devices.
Keep computer safe through movement alarm, cable
lock.
Protect desktop against power failure through UPS
(uninterruptable power supply)
[3]
