CESSWI EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT
LATEST UPDATE
Erosion - ANSWER process in which, by the actions of wind and/or water, soil particles
detached and transported
Sediment - ANSWER eroded material suspended in wind or water
Sedimentation - ANSWER deposition of eroded material
Types of Erosion - ANSWER splash
sheet
rill
gully
channel
Splash erosion - ANSWER raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface
sediments
sheet erosion - ANSWER caused by rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up
and removing them by shallow "sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface
Rill Erosion - ANSWER as flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil
surface
Gully Erosion - ANSWER Formed when runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or when flows
from several rills come together and form a large channels
,Channel Erosion - ANSWER may become unstable due to increased flows or changes in
upstream sediment load
Natural erosion - ANSWER generally considered due to the influences of climate on the
surface of the earth
Accelerated erosion - ANSWER natural erosion plus human activities
What problems can accelerated erosion cause? - ANSWER Unrestricted development
removal of surface cover
increased imperviousness
poor stewardship
Problems associated with construction related erosion - ANSWER problems for down
slope property owners
nuisance problems on streets
clog streams and storm drains
increase turbidity downstream
cover sensitive habitat with sediment
Recognize instream impacts of sediment - ANSWER destruction of spawning areas, food
sources, habitat
toxicity to wildlife directly
degradation of lake
flooding of navigation channels
impact to commercial fisheries
reduce water storage capacities
Suspended sediment - ANSWER sediment may alter light penetration, channel stability,
,fisheries and habitat
Label off stream impacts - ANSWER Increased flood hazards
more costly to treat water
lower capacity in conveyance structures
higher infrastructure maintenance costs
What has increased the amount of impervious surface in our watersheds? - ANSWER
Urbanization and development
priority pollutants include - ANSWER nutrients
pathogens
heavy metals
toxics
sediment
salts
detergents
hydro carbons
Clean Water Act (CWA) - ANSWER Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted to
restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the waters of the
US
administered by USEPA
Section 401 - ANSWER water quality certification
requires applicant, including any construction or operation of a facility, to obtain
certification to discharge ANY pollutant.
administered by the State
, Section 402 - ANSWER NPDES Regs
NPDES - ANSWER National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
MS4 - ANSWER Municipal Separate Storm Sewers Systems
NURP - ANSWER Nationwide Urban Runoff Program1987-1983
led to EPA regulating stormwater
Phase I
(1987 - 1992) - ANSWER already covered by NPDES permit
facilities that engage in industrial activity
Large municipal storm systems (>250,000)
Medium municipal storms systems (100 - 250 K)
facilities that EPA said were significant contributors
Storm Water Implementation Rule - ANSWER enacted April 1992, identified minimum
requirements for NPDES stormwater permits
Section 404 - ANSWER regulates dredge / fill permitting into waters of the US
administered by USACE
CZARA - Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 requires the coastal
zone states to develop the Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs
section 6217 nonpoint source in coastal areas
stormwater - stormwater runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage
LATEST UPDATE
Erosion - ANSWER process in which, by the actions of wind and/or water, soil particles
detached and transported
Sediment - ANSWER eroded material suspended in wind or water
Sedimentation - ANSWER deposition of eroded material
Types of Erosion - ANSWER splash
sheet
rill
gully
channel
Splash erosion - ANSWER raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface
sediments
sheet erosion - ANSWER caused by rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up
and removing them by shallow "sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface
Rill Erosion - ANSWER as flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil
surface
Gully Erosion - ANSWER Formed when runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or when flows
from several rills come together and form a large channels
,Channel Erosion - ANSWER may become unstable due to increased flows or changes in
upstream sediment load
Natural erosion - ANSWER generally considered due to the influences of climate on the
surface of the earth
Accelerated erosion - ANSWER natural erosion plus human activities
What problems can accelerated erosion cause? - ANSWER Unrestricted development
removal of surface cover
increased imperviousness
poor stewardship
Problems associated with construction related erosion - ANSWER problems for down
slope property owners
nuisance problems on streets
clog streams and storm drains
increase turbidity downstream
cover sensitive habitat with sediment
Recognize instream impacts of sediment - ANSWER destruction of spawning areas, food
sources, habitat
toxicity to wildlife directly
degradation of lake
flooding of navigation channels
impact to commercial fisheries
reduce water storage capacities
Suspended sediment - ANSWER sediment may alter light penetration, channel stability,
,fisheries and habitat
Label off stream impacts - ANSWER Increased flood hazards
more costly to treat water
lower capacity in conveyance structures
higher infrastructure maintenance costs
What has increased the amount of impervious surface in our watersheds? - ANSWER
Urbanization and development
priority pollutants include - ANSWER nutrients
pathogens
heavy metals
toxics
sediment
salts
detergents
hydro carbons
Clean Water Act (CWA) - ANSWER Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted to
restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the waters of the
US
administered by USEPA
Section 401 - ANSWER water quality certification
requires applicant, including any construction or operation of a facility, to obtain
certification to discharge ANY pollutant.
administered by the State
, Section 402 - ANSWER NPDES Regs
NPDES - ANSWER National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
MS4 - ANSWER Municipal Separate Storm Sewers Systems
NURP - ANSWER Nationwide Urban Runoff Program1987-1983
led to EPA regulating stormwater
Phase I
(1987 - 1992) - ANSWER already covered by NPDES permit
facilities that engage in industrial activity
Large municipal storm systems (>250,000)
Medium municipal storms systems (100 - 250 K)
facilities that EPA said were significant contributors
Storm Water Implementation Rule - ANSWER enacted April 1992, identified minimum
requirements for NPDES stormwater permits
Section 404 - ANSWER regulates dredge / fill permitting into waters of the US
administered by USACE
CZARA - Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 requires the coastal
zone states to develop the Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs
section 6217 nonpoint source in coastal areas
stormwater - stormwater runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage
