11/7/24, 1:56 AM NHM Exam 2 Flashcards | Quizlet
NHM Exam 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+.
Terms in this set (115)
Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose What are the 3 different kinds of monosaccharides?
What is the sweetest monosaccharide?
Fructose
HINT: found in fruits and honey
Maltose, Sucrose, and Lactose What are the 3 different kinds of disaccharides?
Which disaccharide is found in milk?
lactose
HINT: glucose + galactose
Glycogen, Starch, and Fibers What are the 3 kinds of Polysaccharides?
Glycogen What is the main form of energy storage in the body?
________ fibers are soluble and can reduce cholesterol and blood glucose levels in the
Viscous
body.
Fermentable ___________ fibers are insoluble, found in bran & veggies, and help GI health
Total Fibers Dietary Fibers + Functional Fibers = ?
Salivary Amylase breaks hydrolyzes starch Where does digestion of carbohydrates begin?
into smaller molecules in the MOUTH?
outer membranes of SMALL INTESTINE Where does disaccharide digestion take place?
cells HINT: carbohydrate absorption takes place here as well
Glucose and Galactose What carbohydrates require ACTIVE TRANSPORT in absorption?
Fructose What carbohydrates use facilitated transport in absorption?
the Liver Fructose and Galactose are metabolized by ...
Body cell's Glucose is sent to ________ for energy.
Symptoms include bloating, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea as a result of
Lactose Intolerance
undigested lactose in the intestines that attracts water
lactase, damage to intestinal villi, medication, prolonged diarrhea, and in some cases
Lactose Intolerance Causes
individuals born with lactase deficiency.
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, 11/7/24, 1:56 AM NHM Exam 2 Flashcards | Quizlet
True or False: the best dietary strategy for managing Lactose intolerance is total
FALSE
elimination of milk products.
Gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
Glucose is converted to fat in the liver What happens if we consume too many carbs?
to spare proteins and prevent Ketosis, the body needs at least ________ of CHO per
50-100g
day.
Fatty-Acids noncarbohydrate sources for gluconeogenesis include everything accept...?
are an alternative fuel source of the body that result as a by-product of fatty acid
oxidation (Acetyl-CoA).
ketone bodies
- provide energy during starvation
- can accumulate in the blood and disturb the acid-base balance
glucagon;insulin __________ increases blood glucose levels, while ________ decreases blood glucose levels.
Hypoglycemic If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is <70mg/dL they are considered to be...?
If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is 70-99mg/dL they are considered to
Normal
be...?
If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is 100-125mg/dL they are considered to
Prediabetic
be...?
Diabetic If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is >126mg/dL they are considered to be...?
Type 1 Diabetes immune system attacks insulin producing cells in pancreas
Type 2 Diabetes cells do not respond to insulin; typically occurs due to obesity
Replace refined CHO with fiber-rich CHO What are recommendations for managing hypoglycemia?
and eat small, frequent meals
slow absorption, modest rise in blood What is the ideal glycemic resopnse?
glucose, and smooth return to normal
Foods including rolled oats, noodles, most fruits, milk products, and legumes
Low
typically have a ___ glycemic index, which reduces the risk of diabetes.
15% What percent of average daily energy intake comes from added sugars?
What ingredient is used in abundance by manufactures because it retains moisture,
High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) controls microbial growth, and also blends easily with other sweeteners and
flavorings?
100-300 kcal/day Discretionary kcalories for sugar should be around ...?
10% According to DRI's, sugar should make up no more than ___ of your kcal
Nonnutritive Alterative Sweeteners Aspartame, Luo han guo, Saccharin, Stevia, and Sucralose are all examples of ..?
Diets rich in these foods may...
- protect against heart disease
Whole Grains, Legumes, Vegetables and - help prevent Type 2 Diabetes
Fruit - Enhance health of large intestines
- protect against colon cancer
- and promote weight management
130 grams The RDA for Carbohydrates is ...?
45-65% The AMDR for carbohydrates is ...?
The RDA for fiber is ____ or more for women, and ____ or more for men.
25 g; 38g
HINT: average is about 16 grams per day
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NHM Exam 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A+.
Terms in this set (115)
Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose What are the 3 different kinds of monosaccharides?
What is the sweetest monosaccharide?
Fructose
HINT: found in fruits and honey
Maltose, Sucrose, and Lactose What are the 3 different kinds of disaccharides?
Which disaccharide is found in milk?
lactose
HINT: glucose + galactose
Glycogen, Starch, and Fibers What are the 3 kinds of Polysaccharides?
Glycogen What is the main form of energy storage in the body?
________ fibers are soluble and can reduce cholesterol and blood glucose levels in the
Viscous
body.
Fermentable ___________ fibers are insoluble, found in bran & veggies, and help GI health
Total Fibers Dietary Fibers + Functional Fibers = ?
Salivary Amylase breaks hydrolyzes starch Where does digestion of carbohydrates begin?
into smaller molecules in the MOUTH?
outer membranes of SMALL INTESTINE Where does disaccharide digestion take place?
cells HINT: carbohydrate absorption takes place here as well
Glucose and Galactose What carbohydrates require ACTIVE TRANSPORT in absorption?
Fructose What carbohydrates use facilitated transport in absorption?
the Liver Fructose and Galactose are metabolized by ...
Body cell's Glucose is sent to ________ for energy.
Symptoms include bloating, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea as a result of
Lactose Intolerance
undigested lactose in the intestines that attracts water
lactase, damage to intestinal villi, medication, prolonged diarrhea, and in some cases
Lactose Intolerance Causes
individuals born with lactase deficiency.
https://quizlet.com/834846284/nhm-exam-2-flash-cards/ 1/5
, 11/7/24, 1:56 AM NHM Exam 2 Flashcards | Quizlet
True or False: the best dietary strategy for managing Lactose intolerance is total
FALSE
elimination of milk products.
Gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
Glucose is converted to fat in the liver What happens if we consume too many carbs?
to spare proteins and prevent Ketosis, the body needs at least ________ of CHO per
50-100g
day.
Fatty-Acids noncarbohydrate sources for gluconeogenesis include everything accept...?
are an alternative fuel source of the body that result as a by-product of fatty acid
oxidation (Acetyl-CoA).
ketone bodies
- provide energy during starvation
- can accumulate in the blood and disturb the acid-base balance
glucagon;insulin __________ increases blood glucose levels, while ________ decreases blood glucose levels.
Hypoglycemic If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is <70mg/dL they are considered to be...?
If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is 70-99mg/dL they are considered to
Normal
be...?
If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is 100-125mg/dL they are considered to
Prediabetic
be...?
Diabetic If someones Fasting Blood Glucose Level is >126mg/dL they are considered to be...?
Type 1 Diabetes immune system attacks insulin producing cells in pancreas
Type 2 Diabetes cells do not respond to insulin; typically occurs due to obesity
Replace refined CHO with fiber-rich CHO What are recommendations for managing hypoglycemia?
and eat small, frequent meals
slow absorption, modest rise in blood What is the ideal glycemic resopnse?
glucose, and smooth return to normal
Foods including rolled oats, noodles, most fruits, milk products, and legumes
Low
typically have a ___ glycemic index, which reduces the risk of diabetes.
15% What percent of average daily energy intake comes from added sugars?
What ingredient is used in abundance by manufactures because it retains moisture,
High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS) controls microbial growth, and also blends easily with other sweeteners and
flavorings?
100-300 kcal/day Discretionary kcalories for sugar should be around ...?
10% According to DRI's, sugar should make up no more than ___ of your kcal
Nonnutritive Alterative Sweeteners Aspartame, Luo han guo, Saccharin, Stevia, and Sucralose are all examples of ..?
Diets rich in these foods may...
- protect against heart disease
Whole Grains, Legumes, Vegetables and - help prevent Type 2 Diabetes
Fruit - Enhance health of large intestines
- protect against colon cancer
- and promote weight management
130 grams The RDA for Carbohydrates is ...?
45-65% The AMDR for carbohydrates is ...?
The RDA for fiber is ____ or more for women, and ____ or more for men.
25 g; 38g
HINT: average is about 16 grams per day
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