ATI TEAS SCIENCE EXAM COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST VERSION.

ATI TEAS SCIENCE EXAM COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST VERSION. What does the respiratory system do? Correct Answer: Brings in oxygen to go into the cells, and picks up carbon dioxide to be removed from the bodyguard What are the 7 parts of the respiratory system? Correct Answer: 1. Nose 2. Pharynx 3. Larynx (voice box) 4. Trachea (windpipe) 5. Bronchi 6. Bronchioles 7. Alveoli What are alveoli surrounded by to allow the exchange of O2 and CO2? Correct Answer: Capillaries What is cilia? Correct Answer: Tiny hairs in the nose and trachea that wave particles up away and out What is mucus? Correct Answer: Something that keeps the air warm and moist but also traps particles How many alveoli does each lung have? Correct Answer: 150 million What does hemoglobin do? Correct Answer: Carries oxygen through the blood What is pleura? Correct Answer: Sacs that surround the lungs What is the diaphragm? Correct Answer: The muscle at the bottom of the thoracic cavity What happens during inhalation? Correct Answer: Diaphragm moves down (contracts), rib cage rises, volume of chest cavity increases, air moves in to fill the space What happens during exhalation? Correct Answer: Diaphragm moves up (relaxes), rib cage lowers, space becomes smaller, air is pushed out of lungs What does the medulla oblongata do? Correct Answer: Controls breathing What is chronic bronchitis? Correct Answer: Bronchi swell and become clogged with mucus What is emphysema? Correct Answer: Tissues in lungs lose elasticity; tissues can't enough O2 or get rid of enough CO2 What is lung cancer? Correct Answer: Cells that do not stop reproducing; can spread to other locations because lungs are so central and connected to so much; survival is generally less then 5 years from diagnosis What is heart disease? Correct Answer: Blood vessels are constricted, blood pressure rises, heart has to work harder, heart wears out more quickly What is cystic fibrosis? Correct Answer: Genetic (recessive); lungs can get clogged with mucous What is mesothelioma? Correct Answer: Lungs become exposed to asbestos and lose elasticity What is elastic recoil? Correct Answer: The ability for the alveoli to get filled with air then return to their normal shape once the air is released What is a spirometer? Correct Answer: an instrument for measuring the air capacity of the lungs What is tidal volume? Correct Answer: The amount of air taken in and breathed out in a typical breath What is supplemental volume? Correct Answer: The xtra air that can be inhaled or exhaled with a deep breath What is reserve amount? Correct Answer: The amount of extra air you can breathe out when you force air out of your lungs What is residual amount? Correct Answer: The amount of air in your lungs that you cannot get rid of (even during forced exhaling) What is vital capacity? Correct Answer: All the air you can control going in or out of your lungs (supplemental + reserve = vital) What is total capacity? Correct Answer: From the top of your supplemental amount to the bottom of your residual volume Main idea Correct Answer: the most important or central thought of a paragraph or larger section of text, which tells the reader what the text is about Topic Correct Answer: a particular issue or idea that serves as the subject of a paragraph, essay, report, or speech -topic is the general subject of a paragraph -Topics are simple and are described with just a word or a phrase. -main idea is a complete sentence; it includes the topic Correct Answer: What's the difference between a topic and main idea? Key ideas Correct Answer: Ideas that support controlling idea Controlling idea Correct Answer: -your opinion about the topic. - It helps the reader understand your purpose for writing the paragraph or essay Conclusion Correct Answer: A deduction made by the reader about an unstated outcome from reading passage Inference Correct Answer: A conclusion one can draw from the presented details. anatomical position Correct Answer: a standard position in which the body is facing forward, the feet are parallel to each other, and the arms are at the sides with the palms facing forward Cells Correct Answer: The basic unit of structure and function in all living things Cellular functions Correct Answer: Processes that include growth, metabolism, replication, protein synthesis, and movement Directional terminology Correct Answer: Words used to explain relationships of locations of anatomical elements (distal, posterior, medial, etc.) organ system Correct Answer: A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions. Organelle Correct Answer: specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell Organ Correct Answer: A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body Reference Planes Correct Answer: Planes dividing the body to describe locations (ex: sagittal, coronal, and transverse) Tissue Correct Answer: A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. Eukaryotic cells Correct Answer: Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes. prokaryotic cell Correct Answer: cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. (Bacteria) Ribosome Correct Answer: site of protein synthesis Nucleus Correct Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction Nucleolus Correct Answer: Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes