BIOS 251 Anatomy and Physiology Exam 2 Preparation Questions with Correct Answers

First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus - ANS: Prophase Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell - ANS: Metaphase The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles - ANS: Anaphase The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. - ANS: Telophase Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - ANS: Cytokinesis Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing organisms - ANS: Meiosis Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis - ANS: Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from each other and the original parent (germ) cell. Number of Chromosomes in Humans... - ANS: 46 Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans - ANS: 23 Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction - ANS: Nucleus Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes phospholipids - ANS: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances - ANS: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell - ANS: Golgi Complex