CERI study test guide with complete
solution
Domains of Language - ANS pragmatics
phonology
orthography
semantics
syntax
morphology
Pragmatics - ANS Social use of language; how language is used to achieve goals
Characteristics of Pragmatics - ANS 1. formal/informal discourse: context, intent of speaker,
speaking/writing
2. figurative language: phrases that don't use exact meaning of words such as idioms,
metaphors
3. tone and context of use: ability to interpret sarcasm, humor, etc
Pragmatic Awareness - ANS 1. Focus on usage: what to say, how to say it under different
circumstances - comes through experience
2. word usage in different situations
Phonology - ANS sound structure of language, how sounds operate
- Kinesthetic components: clapping, touching arm, moving counters
Orthography - ANS refers to patterns of written language; how words are spelled
letter - ANS symbol that represents speech sounds
grapheme - ANS specific letter or group of letters that represent a specific speech sound
Semantics - ANS meaning conveyed by language, either written or spoken
what a word means in a sentence
Semantic Details - ANS 1. Synonyms
2. Antonyms
3. Multiple Meanings
Syntax - ANS Grammatical structure of language
Syntactic Details - ANS 1. Word Order
, 2. Sentence Structure
3. Parts of Speech
Morphology - ANS Refers to the way words are structured and related to one another
1. grammatical endings
2. affixes
3. roots
Dyslexia - ANS -specific learning disability, neurological in order
-characterized by: accurate/fluent word recognition, poor spelling/decoding abilities
-often unexpected in relation to other cognitive abilities
Dyslexia consequences - ANS problems in reading comprehension and reduced reading
experience can impede vocabulary growth and background knowledge
Formative Assessment - ANS a wide range of formal and informal tests and assessment
procedures used to modify instruction to meet student's needs
Summative Assessment - ANS tests and assessment procedures that summarize what a
student has learned at some point in time (STAAR, Unit exams, EOY exams
Validity - ANS the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to
Score Reliability - ANS test score reliability is the consistency with which scores on a
measurement instrument measure an underlying construct which is a trait, ability or behavior
Absence-of-Bias - ANS a measurement should:
not be offensive
not be unfair to a gender, ethnicity, or any other characteristic
Mean - ANS average score
Standard Deviation - ANS tells us how variable scores are from the mean
percentile scores - ANS compare raw scores from an individual to a national group that
matches the individual in age or grade and range from 1 to 99
Standard scores - ANS obtained from raw scores and make scores uniform across groups
IQ Standard scores - ANS have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15
Bell curve - ANS shows normal distribution of scores of a population
Spelling Development - ANS Semi-Phonetic
solution
Domains of Language - ANS pragmatics
phonology
orthography
semantics
syntax
morphology
Pragmatics - ANS Social use of language; how language is used to achieve goals
Characteristics of Pragmatics - ANS 1. formal/informal discourse: context, intent of speaker,
speaking/writing
2. figurative language: phrases that don't use exact meaning of words such as idioms,
metaphors
3. tone and context of use: ability to interpret sarcasm, humor, etc
Pragmatic Awareness - ANS 1. Focus on usage: what to say, how to say it under different
circumstances - comes through experience
2. word usage in different situations
Phonology - ANS sound structure of language, how sounds operate
- Kinesthetic components: clapping, touching arm, moving counters
Orthography - ANS refers to patterns of written language; how words are spelled
letter - ANS symbol that represents speech sounds
grapheme - ANS specific letter or group of letters that represent a specific speech sound
Semantics - ANS meaning conveyed by language, either written or spoken
what a word means in a sentence
Semantic Details - ANS 1. Synonyms
2. Antonyms
3. Multiple Meanings
Syntax - ANS Grammatical structure of language
Syntactic Details - ANS 1. Word Order
, 2. Sentence Structure
3. Parts of Speech
Morphology - ANS Refers to the way words are structured and related to one another
1. grammatical endings
2. affixes
3. roots
Dyslexia - ANS -specific learning disability, neurological in order
-characterized by: accurate/fluent word recognition, poor spelling/decoding abilities
-often unexpected in relation to other cognitive abilities
Dyslexia consequences - ANS problems in reading comprehension and reduced reading
experience can impede vocabulary growth and background knowledge
Formative Assessment - ANS a wide range of formal and informal tests and assessment
procedures used to modify instruction to meet student's needs
Summative Assessment - ANS tests and assessment procedures that summarize what a
student has learned at some point in time (STAAR, Unit exams, EOY exams
Validity - ANS the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to
Score Reliability - ANS test score reliability is the consistency with which scores on a
measurement instrument measure an underlying construct which is a trait, ability or behavior
Absence-of-Bias - ANS a measurement should:
not be offensive
not be unfair to a gender, ethnicity, or any other characteristic
Mean - ANS average score
Standard Deviation - ANS tells us how variable scores are from the mean
percentile scores - ANS compare raw scores from an individual to a national group that
matches the individual in age or grade and range from 1 to 99
Standard scores - ANS obtained from raw scores and make scores uniform across groups
IQ Standard scores - ANS have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15
Bell curve - ANS shows normal distribution of scores of a population
Spelling Development - ANS Semi-Phonetic
