Lifespan, Growth, Development Exam 1 Chapters 1-3 Exam Study Guide.

Lifespan, Growth, Development Exam 1 Chapters 1-3 Exam Study Guide. 3 Domains of Human Development - answer*Physical Development*: Process starts in human infancy and continues into late adolescent concentrating on motor skills as well as puberty. Involves developing control over the body, particularly the muscles and the physical coordination. *Cognitive Development*: Construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. *Psychosocial Development*: Created by Erick Erickson. Comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of eight stages, in which a healthy developing individual goes through from infancy to late adulthood. Define and explain "Rite of Passage". Be able to list 3 Examples... - answerRitual that marks a person's "passage" from one status to another. Examples would be... -Body Painting -Bar or bat mitzvahs in Jewish Culture -Quinceanera -Piercing Discuss and Explain the 3 Main Categories of *Storm and Stress* described by G. Stanley Hall. - answer1.) *Conflict with Parents*: Adolescents tend to rebel against authority figures as they seek greater independence and autonomy. ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 10/30/2024 10:31 PM 2.) *Mood Disruption*: Hormonal changes and the psychological stress of adolescence can cause uncontrollable shift in emotions 3.) *Risky Behavior*: The combination of a neurological need for stimulation and emotional immaturity lead to increased risk taking behavior during adolescence Discuss Paul Balte's *Life Span Developmental Theory* - answerCreated the Six Principes of Balte's Life-Span Development Approach. 1.) Development is Lifelong 2.) Development involves both gain and loss 3.) The relative influences of biology and culture shift over the life span 4.) Development involves a changing allocation of resources 5.) Development is modifiable 6.) Development is influenced by the historical and cultural context It is also characterized by lifelong plasticity. Capacity to change in response to experience. Product of Nature vs Nurture. Must be studied by multiple disciples. 3 Parts of Personality in Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - answerId, Ego, and Super Ego Id: Seeks pleasure, avoids pain, and self-centered Ego: Understands how to satisfy the Id. Understands cause and effect. ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 10/30/2024 10:31 PM Super Ego: Understands societal rules and family rules. 5 Psychosexual Stages in Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory - answerOral (Birth-1yr): Focuses on mouth oral stimulus. Such as weaning. Obsessive eating, smoking or drinking becomes fixations. Anal (2-3yrs): Anus region becomes the area of stimulus from toilet training. Fixation in obsession with cleanliness, and sexual anxiety Phallic (4-5yrs): Genitals are stimulated by masturbation. Identifying with gender roles (Oedipus/Electra Complex). Difficulty with intimate relationships. Latency (6-12yrs): Social Interaction. No sexual or fixations occurs in this stage. But does not occur in all societies Genital (Puberty and later): Genitals through sexual intimacy. Intimate relationships and productivity. Previous fixations = low sexual interest/ no previous fixation= normal sexual motivation Explain Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological System's Theory - answerFocuses on how the environment is organized and how it affects development. It has 5 context of development. Microsystem, Mesosytem, Exosystem, Macrosystem and Chronosystem. *Microsystem*- Immediate environment/surroundings (Caregivers, Teachers, Parents) *Mesosystem*- 2 or More of the microsystem that interact with one another (Mom talks to Doctor) *Exosystem*- Family and friends, different work policies that can affect the child (Time ability to take off work). Maternity leave as well. Also social media with bullying etc. *Macrosystem*- Cultural values, Laws, and Funding to School.