NURS 6531 FINAL EXAM TEST BANK REAL AND ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATES 2024-2025(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
The provider is counseling a patient who has stress incontinence about ways to
minimize accidents. What will the provider suggest initially?
a. Increasing fluid intake to dilute the urine
b. Referral to a physical therapist
c. Taking pseudoephedrine daily
d. Voiding every 2 hours during the day - ANSWER-ANS: D
Timed voiding is useful to help minimize stress incontinence and is used initially.
Increasing fluid intake will increase symptoms. PT referral may be done if other
measures fail to help with exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
Pseudoephedrine is useful, but not an initial therapy.
An older male patient reports urinary frequency, back pain, and nocturia. A
dipstick urinalysis reveals hematuria. What will the provider do next to evaluate
this condition?
a. Order a PSA and perform a digital rectal exam (DRE)
b. Refer for a biopsy
c. Refer the patient to a urologist
d. Schedule a transurethral ultrasound (TRUS) - ANSWER-ANS: A
,Patients with symptoms of potential prostate cancer should be screened with PSA
and DRE. Referral to a urologist is the next step even with normal findings, since
PSA is occasionally normal. The urologist may order TRUS or biopsy.
An older male patient has a screening prostate-specific antigen (PSA) which is 12
ng/mL. What does this value indicate?
a. A normal result
b. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
c. Early prostate cancer
d. Prostate cancer - ANSWER-ANS: D
A PSA greater than 10 ng/mL suggests prostate cancer. A level between 4 and 10
ng/mL may be early prostate cancer or a benign condition. A level less than 4
ng/mL is normal.
A patient is diagnosed with prostate cancer and diagnostic testing reveals disease
that has gone past the prostatic capsule without evidence of metastasis. The
patient does not wish to undergo treatment. What will the provider tell this
patient?
a. Chemotherapy is indicated to provide cure for this cancer.
b. Monitoring prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with regular digital rectal
examination (DRE) is an acceptable option.
c. Palliative radiation therapy is necessary to improve quality of life.
d. This level of disease requires intervention with hormonal therapy. - ANSWER-
ANS: B
This patient has stage T2 prostate cancer which may be managed with watchful
waiting which includes PSA and DRE evaluation. Chemotherapy, palliative
radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy are not required.
,A male patient reports nocturia and daytime urinary frequency and urgency
without changes in the force of the urine stream. What is the likely cause of this?
a. Bladder outlet obstruction
b. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
c. Prostate cancer
d. Urinary tract infection (UTI) - ANSWER-ANS: B
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) result from irritative changes in the lower
tract. Bladder outlet obstruction causes hesitancy, decreased caliber and force of
the urine stream, and postvoid dribbling. Diagnosis of prostate cancer and UTI
require further testing and are less likely causes.
A 70-year-old male reports urinary hesitancy, postvoid dribbling, and a diminished
urine stream. A digital rectal exam (DRE) reveals an enlarged prostate gland that
feels rubbery and smooth. Which tests will the primary care provider order based
on these findings?
a. Bladder scan for postvoid residual
b. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and bladder imaging
c. Urinalysis and serum creatinine
d. Urine culture and CBC with differential - ANSWER-ANS: C
The DRE reveals a prostate gland consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH). The primary provider should order a urinalysis and creatinine to evaluate
possible infection and renal function. A bladder scan is ordered at the discretion
of the urologist. The prostate exam isn't consistent with prostate cancer, so PSA
and bladder imaging are not necessary. Symptoms of prostatitis would indicate a
need for evaluation of possible infection.
A patient has been taking terazosin daily at bedtime to treat benign prostatic
hyperplasia (BPH) and reports persistent daytime dizziness. What will the provider
do?
, a. Prescribe finasteride instead of terazosin
b. Recommend taking the medication in the morning
c. Suggest using herbal preparations
d. Switch the prescription to doxazosin - ANSWER-ANS: A
Patients who cannot tolerate the side effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists, the
provider may initiate therapy with a 5a-reductase inhibitor such as finasteride.
Terazosin should be given at bedtime to minimize these adverse effects. Herbal
preparations have not been proven to be safe or effective. Doxazosin is in the
same drug class as terazosin.
A pregnant woman at 30 weeks gestation presents with proteinuria. What will the
provider do next?
a. Evaluate her blood pressure and discuss with OB/GYN
b. Monitor serum glucose for gestational diabetes
c. Perform a 24-hour urine collection
d. Reassure her that this normal at this stage of pregnancy - ANSWER-ANS: A
Proteinuria after 24 weeks gestation is usually a sign of preeclampsia, so her blood
pressure should be evaluated and discussed with the OB/GYN. Serum glucose
evaluation for gestational diabetes is performed as part of routine screening but is
not related to the finding of proteinuria. A 24-hour urine collection is not
indicated.
An older male patient reports gross hematuria but denies flank pain and fever.
What will the provider do to manage this patient?
a. Monitor blood pressure closely
b. Obtain a urine culture
c. Perform a 24-hour urine collection
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
LATEST UPDATES 2024-2025(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+
The provider is counseling a patient who has stress incontinence about ways to
minimize accidents. What will the provider suggest initially?
a. Increasing fluid intake to dilute the urine
b. Referral to a physical therapist
c. Taking pseudoephedrine daily
d. Voiding every 2 hours during the day - ANSWER-ANS: D
Timed voiding is useful to help minimize stress incontinence and is used initially.
Increasing fluid intake will increase symptoms. PT referral may be done if other
measures fail to help with exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
Pseudoephedrine is useful, but not an initial therapy.
An older male patient reports urinary frequency, back pain, and nocturia. A
dipstick urinalysis reveals hematuria. What will the provider do next to evaluate
this condition?
a. Order a PSA and perform a digital rectal exam (DRE)
b. Refer for a biopsy
c. Refer the patient to a urologist
d. Schedule a transurethral ultrasound (TRUS) - ANSWER-ANS: A
,Patients with symptoms of potential prostate cancer should be screened with PSA
and DRE. Referral to a urologist is the next step even with normal findings, since
PSA is occasionally normal. The urologist may order TRUS or biopsy.
An older male patient has a screening prostate-specific antigen (PSA) which is 12
ng/mL. What does this value indicate?
a. A normal result
b. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
c. Early prostate cancer
d. Prostate cancer - ANSWER-ANS: D
A PSA greater than 10 ng/mL suggests prostate cancer. A level between 4 and 10
ng/mL may be early prostate cancer or a benign condition. A level less than 4
ng/mL is normal.
A patient is diagnosed with prostate cancer and diagnostic testing reveals disease
that has gone past the prostatic capsule without evidence of metastasis. The
patient does not wish to undergo treatment. What will the provider tell this
patient?
a. Chemotherapy is indicated to provide cure for this cancer.
b. Monitoring prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with regular digital rectal
examination (DRE) is an acceptable option.
c. Palliative radiation therapy is necessary to improve quality of life.
d. This level of disease requires intervention with hormonal therapy. - ANSWER-
ANS: B
This patient has stage T2 prostate cancer which may be managed with watchful
waiting which includes PSA and DRE evaluation. Chemotherapy, palliative
radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy are not required.
,A male patient reports nocturia and daytime urinary frequency and urgency
without changes in the force of the urine stream. What is the likely cause of this?
a. Bladder outlet obstruction
b. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
c. Prostate cancer
d. Urinary tract infection (UTI) - ANSWER-ANS: B
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) result from irritative changes in the lower
tract. Bladder outlet obstruction causes hesitancy, decreased caliber and force of
the urine stream, and postvoid dribbling. Diagnosis of prostate cancer and UTI
require further testing and are less likely causes.
A 70-year-old male reports urinary hesitancy, postvoid dribbling, and a diminished
urine stream. A digital rectal exam (DRE) reveals an enlarged prostate gland that
feels rubbery and smooth. Which tests will the primary care provider order based
on these findings?
a. Bladder scan for postvoid residual
b. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and bladder imaging
c. Urinalysis and serum creatinine
d. Urine culture and CBC with differential - ANSWER-ANS: C
The DRE reveals a prostate gland consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia
(BPH). The primary provider should order a urinalysis and creatinine to evaluate
possible infection and renal function. A bladder scan is ordered at the discretion
of the urologist. The prostate exam isn't consistent with prostate cancer, so PSA
and bladder imaging are not necessary. Symptoms of prostatitis would indicate a
need for evaluation of possible infection.
A patient has been taking terazosin daily at bedtime to treat benign prostatic
hyperplasia (BPH) and reports persistent daytime dizziness. What will the provider
do?
, a. Prescribe finasteride instead of terazosin
b. Recommend taking the medication in the morning
c. Suggest using herbal preparations
d. Switch the prescription to doxazosin - ANSWER-ANS: A
Patients who cannot tolerate the side effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists, the
provider may initiate therapy with a 5a-reductase inhibitor such as finasteride.
Terazosin should be given at bedtime to minimize these adverse effects. Herbal
preparations have not been proven to be safe or effective. Doxazosin is in the
same drug class as terazosin.
A pregnant woman at 30 weeks gestation presents with proteinuria. What will the
provider do next?
a. Evaluate her blood pressure and discuss with OB/GYN
b. Monitor serum glucose for gestational diabetes
c. Perform a 24-hour urine collection
d. Reassure her that this normal at this stage of pregnancy - ANSWER-ANS: A
Proteinuria after 24 weeks gestation is usually a sign of preeclampsia, so her blood
pressure should be evaluated and discussed with the OB/GYN. Serum glucose
evaluation for gestational diabetes is performed as part of routine screening but is
not related to the finding of proteinuria. A 24-hour urine collection is not
indicated.
An older male patient reports gross hematuria but denies flank pain and fever.
What will the provider do to manage this patient?
a. Monitor blood pressure closely
b. Obtain a urine culture
c. Perform a 24-hour urine collection
