HCAL 2-EXAM 1 Questions and Answers-Tetralogy of FALLOT + defects that decrease pulmonary flow

Tetralogy of FALLOT + defects that
decrease pulmonary flow-(HCAL 2-EXAM
1)




Congenital heart disease (CHD - Answer-primarily anatomic abnormalities present at birth that result in
abnormal cardiac function



What defects decrease pulmonary blood flow? - Answer--Tetralogy of Fallot

-Tricuspid Atresia



True or false. Tetralogy of Fallot is a defect with increased pulmonary blood flow - Answer-False.
Tetralogy of Fallot is a defect w/ decreased pulmonary blood flow



What do defects that decrease pulmonary blood have? - Answer-obstruction of pulmonary blood flow &
an anatomic defect between the right & left sides of the heart



What shift is there in this defect? - Answer-a right to left shift



How does right to left shift occur? - Answer-since blood has trouble exiting the right side of the heart
through the pulmonary artery, pressure on the right becomes higher than the left (more resistance in
pulmonary artery)

, What does right to left shunting allow? - Answer-It allows desaturated blood to enter the systemic
circulation



Tetralogy of Fallot - Answer-four defects that result in mixed blood flow



What are the 4 defects in Tetralogy of Fallot - Answer-(PORV)

-Pulmonary stenosis

-Overriding aorta

-Right ventricular hypertrophy

-Ventricular septal defect



Manifestations of Tetralogy of Fallot - Answer--Systolic murmur

-Acute cyanosis/hypoxia (TET spells)

-Progressive cyanosis over the 1st year of life



All symptoms from defects of Tetralogy Fallot - Answer--Tetralogy Fallot

*Systolic murmur

*Cyanosis

-(VSD)

*Loud, harsh murmur at left sternal border

*Heart failure (fluid volume overload, increased BP/R/P, edema, weight gain, decreased urine output,
weak pulses, anorexia, sweating, pale/cool limbs)

-(PS)

*Same HF symptoms as VSD

*Systolic ejection murmur