HCAL, Glucose Regulation, Giddens
body's most preferred energy source - Answer-glucose
glucose enters the cell and is oxidized into - Answer-ATP
glucose regulation is defined as - Answer-the process of maintaining optimal blood glucose levels
glycogen is stored mainly in - Answer-the liver and muscle cells
blood glucose levels range between - Answer-70-100
the 2h postpranidal state glucose should be - Answer-100-140`
insulin is facilitated by - Answer-binding to insulin receptors on the cell wall, signaling glucose
transporter molecules to let glucose in
what else does insulin do? - Answer-suppress glucagon and facilitates glycogen storage
, counterregulatory hormones - Answer-coritsol, GH, norpei, epi
hyperglycemia occurs bc - Answer-insufficient insulin production, excessive counter regulatory
hormones, eating too much carbs without sufficient insulin coverage
how is insulin produced and what cells result in insufficient secretion - Answer-produced, stored, and
released by pancreatic B cells
damage to these cells result in insufficient insulin
damage to B cells is usually caused by an autoimmune response
insulin resistance - Answer-body cells respond abnormally to insulin, so there isnt a prob with insulin
supply but with the cell responding to it
how many the body respond to insulin resistance - Answer-producing more insulin resulting in
hyperinsulinemia
cortisol secretion is caused by - Answer-chronic stress, pain, sleep deprivation, and acute injury/illness
it can also exacerbate insulin resistance
exercise and glucose - Answer-during exercise, energy is derived from glucose stored in muscle cells
glucose is depleted and blood glucose levels lower
lag effect - Answer-post exercise, muscle cells replenish glycogen stores with glucose from the blood
stream, thus lowering blood glucose levels again
consequences of hyperglycemia - Answer-HTN is present in 50% of insulin resistant individuals
hyperinsulinemia decreases elasticity of small blood vessels causing HTN (microvascular effects)
body's most preferred energy source - Answer-glucose
glucose enters the cell and is oxidized into - Answer-ATP
glucose regulation is defined as - Answer-the process of maintaining optimal blood glucose levels
glycogen is stored mainly in - Answer-the liver and muscle cells
blood glucose levels range between - Answer-70-100
the 2h postpranidal state glucose should be - Answer-100-140`
insulin is facilitated by - Answer-binding to insulin receptors on the cell wall, signaling glucose
transporter molecules to let glucose in
what else does insulin do? - Answer-suppress glucagon and facilitates glycogen storage
, counterregulatory hormones - Answer-coritsol, GH, norpei, epi
hyperglycemia occurs bc - Answer-insufficient insulin production, excessive counter regulatory
hormones, eating too much carbs without sufficient insulin coverage
how is insulin produced and what cells result in insufficient secretion - Answer-produced, stored, and
released by pancreatic B cells
damage to these cells result in insufficient insulin
damage to B cells is usually caused by an autoimmune response
insulin resistance - Answer-body cells respond abnormally to insulin, so there isnt a prob with insulin
supply but with the cell responding to it
how many the body respond to insulin resistance - Answer-producing more insulin resulting in
hyperinsulinemia
cortisol secretion is caused by - Answer-chronic stress, pain, sleep deprivation, and acute injury/illness
it can also exacerbate insulin resistance
exercise and glucose - Answer-during exercise, energy is derived from glucose stored in muscle cells
glucose is depleted and blood glucose levels lower
lag effect - Answer-post exercise, muscle cells replenish glycogen stores with glucose from the blood
stream, thus lowering blood glucose levels again
consequences of hyperglycemia - Answer-HTN is present in 50% of insulin resistant individuals
hyperinsulinemia decreases elasticity of small blood vessels causing HTN (microvascular effects)
