HSM 110 - Final Exam 2024/2025
Questions and Answers (Graded A)
How does the current system perform regarding cost? - ANSWER-the US spends 2 and
a half times the OECD average
10,000 per capita in 2015
3.2 trillion per year
GDP is 17 trillion per year
heatlhcare is almost 19% of GDP
and growing about 4% per year
How does the current system perform regarding access? - ANSWER-If you go to the
ER and you have a problem, they have to help you by law.
Hospitals are everywhere
Insurance restricts some access.
Access refers to the ability of a person to obtain health care services when needed.
Access to care is the ability to obtain needed, affordable, convenient, acceptable and
effective personal health services in a timely manner.
Barriers to access exist both at the individual and system levels. Barriers are experience
by vulnerable population groups, best predicted by race, income, and occupation. Most
in minority groups tend to be poor, not well educated and more likely to work in jobs that
pose greater health risks.
24 million people in US have limited English proficiency, which limits access to health
care.
How does the current system perform regarding quality? - ANSWER-Standards
Guidelines
Evaluations
How does the current system perform regarding patient safety? - ANSWER-"clinical
practice guidelines
examination of "critical pathways"
instituting "risk management" procedures
How does the current system perform regarding justice? - ANSWER-
How does the US system compare to other countries on the cost of care? - ANSWER-
Spends more than twice as much than other countries
, How does the US system compare to other countries on health status of the population?
- ANSWER-Rank 34th in life expectancy
Highest rates of infant mortality and low birthweight
Highest obesity rate across all age groups
Highest death rates from lung and heart disease
How does the US system compare to other countries on the percentage of people with
health insurance - ANSWER-We use 19% of our GDP
We have to control costs
1/6 of total US economy
growing a few percentage points above inflation
How does the US system compare to other countries to the four different international
systems? What are the 3 different international systems? - ANSWER-Nations that have
national health insurance can control systemwide costs through top-down controls. Not
possible in the US because it has a multipayer system.
National Health insurance (Canada)
National health service (UK, Beveridge)
Socialized health insurance (Germany, Bismarck)
Out of pocket (poor and developing countries)
How does the US system compare to other countries to the National Health Service
(like UK) - ANSWER-it sucks
National health system (NHS) is a tax-supported national health care program in which
the government finances and also controls the service infrastructure.
How does the US system compare to other countries to the National health insurance
(like Canada, Medicare) - ANSWER-it sucks.
National health insurance (NHI). tax-supported national health care program in which
services are financed by the government but are rendered by private providers.
How does the US system compare to other countries to National funding, private
administration (like Germany) - ANSWER-Socialize health insurance (SHI) HEalth care
is financed through government-mandated contributions by employers and employees.
HEalth care is delivered by private providers.
Our system - ANSWER-No central agency governs
Access to care based upon insurance
Health care delivered in imperfect market
For profit, largely unregulated 3rd party insurers between financing and delivery
Multiple payers
No single entity can dominate
Legal risks influence clinical behavior
Questions and Answers (Graded A)
How does the current system perform regarding cost? - ANSWER-the US spends 2 and
a half times the OECD average
10,000 per capita in 2015
3.2 trillion per year
GDP is 17 trillion per year
heatlhcare is almost 19% of GDP
and growing about 4% per year
How does the current system perform regarding access? - ANSWER-If you go to the
ER and you have a problem, they have to help you by law.
Hospitals are everywhere
Insurance restricts some access.
Access refers to the ability of a person to obtain health care services when needed.
Access to care is the ability to obtain needed, affordable, convenient, acceptable and
effective personal health services in a timely manner.
Barriers to access exist both at the individual and system levels. Barriers are experience
by vulnerable population groups, best predicted by race, income, and occupation. Most
in minority groups tend to be poor, not well educated and more likely to work in jobs that
pose greater health risks.
24 million people in US have limited English proficiency, which limits access to health
care.
How does the current system perform regarding quality? - ANSWER-Standards
Guidelines
Evaluations
How does the current system perform regarding patient safety? - ANSWER-"clinical
practice guidelines
examination of "critical pathways"
instituting "risk management" procedures
How does the current system perform regarding justice? - ANSWER-
How does the US system compare to other countries on the cost of care? - ANSWER-
Spends more than twice as much than other countries
, How does the US system compare to other countries on health status of the population?
- ANSWER-Rank 34th in life expectancy
Highest rates of infant mortality and low birthweight
Highest obesity rate across all age groups
Highest death rates from lung and heart disease
How does the US system compare to other countries on the percentage of people with
health insurance - ANSWER-We use 19% of our GDP
We have to control costs
1/6 of total US economy
growing a few percentage points above inflation
How does the US system compare to other countries to the four different international
systems? What are the 3 different international systems? - ANSWER-Nations that have
national health insurance can control systemwide costs through top-down controls. Not
possible in the US because it has a multipayer system.
National Health insurance (Canada)
National health service (UK, Beveridge)
Socialized health insurance (Germany, Bismarck)
Out of pocket (poor and developing countries)
How does the US system compare to other countries to the National Health Service
(like UK) - ANSWER-it sucks
National health system (NHS) is a tax-supported national health care program in which
the government finances and also controls the service infrastructure.
How does the US system compare to other countries to the National health insurance
(like Canada, Medicare) - ANSWER-it sucks.
National health insurance (NHI). tax-supported national health care program in which
services are financed by the government but are rendered by private providers.
How does the US system compare to other countries to National funding, private
administration (like Germany) - ANSWER-Socialize health insurance (SHI) HEalth care
is financed through government-mandated contributions by employers and employees.
HEalth care is delivered by private providers.
Our system - ANSWER-No central agency governs
Access to care based upon insurance
Health care delivered in imperfect market
For profit, largely unregulated 3rd party insurers between financing and delivery
Multiple payers
No single entity can dominate
Legal risks influence clinical behavior
