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Review Questions 31
In depth response to review questions of chapter 31
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Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Define the following terms: antigens, antibodies, antigenic determinants, combining sites, clone.
Answer: antigens- a harmful substance which enters the body which causes the body to make antibodies as a response to fight off disease. antibodies - a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood. antigenic determinants - a site on the surface of an antigen molecule to which a single antibody molecule binds; generally an antigen has several or many different antigenic determinants and reacts with many different antibodies. Called also epitope. combining sites - The portion of an antibody molecule that makes physical contact with the corresponding antigenic determinant. The portion of an antigen that makes physical contact with the corresponding antibody. Also known as antibody binding site. clone - a group of replicas of all or part of a macromolecule and especially DNA
2.
What two terms are synonymous for combining sites?
Answer: antigen receptors and antigen-binding sites
3.
When an antigen-antibody complex is formed, what region on the antigen molecule fits into what region on the antibody molecule?
Answer: The epitope, or antigenic determinant, of the antigen fits into the combining site of the antibody
4.
Activated B cells develop into clones of what two kinds of cells?
Answer: plasma cells and memory B cells
5.
Explain the function of memory cells.
Answer: Memory B cells do not themselves secrete antibodies, but if they are later exposed to the antigen that triggered their formation, memory B cells become plasma cells, which secrete antibodies that can combine with the initiating antigen
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