©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
PHAR 100 Exam Questions and Answers
100% Solved | Rated A+
Phase One Drug Trial - ✔✔Small number of people
Absorption, distribution, elimination, and adverse effects are monitored
Phase Two Drug Trial - ✔✔Small number of people
Determines if drug is effective in treatment
Phase Three Drug Trial - ✔✔Large number of people
Safety of drug is carefully studied
Potency - ✔✔Amount of drug that must be given to obtain a response
Efficacy - ✔✔Maximum effect of the drug
Paul Ehrlich - ✔✔Organoarsenic compounds
Salvarsan: syphilis treatment
Gerhard Domagk - ✔✔Sulfonamides
Prontosil: streptococcus
Antimetabolites - ✔✔Act against substances required for metabolism of an
organism
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Example: sulfanilamide
Sulfanilamide - ✔✔Antimetabolite
Therapeutic Index - ✔✔Lethal Dose (Toxicity) ÷ Effective Dose
Higher means safer
Parenteral Routes - ✔✔Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intravenous
Enteral Routes - ✔✔Mouth
Rectal
Under Tongue
Drug Dependence - ✔✔Physical dependence
Psychological dependence
Tolerance
Abuse Potential - ✔✔Dependence liability
Availability of drug
Harmfulness
CNS Depressants - ✔✔Alcohol
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Sedative-Hypnotics - ✔✔Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines - ✔✔Activate GABA
High therapeutic index
Relief from anxiety
Example: Diazepine, Flurazepam
Gamma-Amino-butyric Acid (GABA) - ✔✔Major inhibitory neurotransmitter
in CNS
Barbiturates - ✔✔Low therapeutic index
Suppress REM sleep
Major problem of respiratory depression
Long-Acting Barbiturate - ✔✔Phenobarbital
Short-Acting Barbiturate - ✔✔Secobarbital
Ultrashort-Acting Barbiturate - ✔✔Thiopental
Flumazenil - ✔✔Blocks effects of benzodiazepines
GABA antagonist
Zolpidem - ✔✔GABA receptor agonist
Does not disturb REM
Buspirone - ✔✔Acts on 5-HT receptor
PHAR 100 Exam Questions and Answers
100% Solved | Rated A+
Phase One Drug Trial - ✔✔Small number of people
Absorption, distribution, elimination, and adverse effects are monitored
Phase Two Drug Trial - ✔✔Small number of people
Determines if drug is effective in treatment
Phase Three Drug Trial - ✔✔Large number of people
Safety of drug is carefully studied
Potency - ✔✔Amount of drug that must be given to obtain a response
Efficacy - ✔✔Maximum effect of the drug
Paul Ehrlich - ✔✔Organoarsenic compounds
Salvarsan: syphilis treatment
Gerhard Domagk - ✔✔Sulfonamides
Prontosil: streptococcus
Antimetabolites - ✔✔Act against substances required for metabolism of an
organism
,©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Example: sulfanilamide
Sulfanilamide - ✔✔Antimetabolite
Therapeutic Index - ✔✔Lethal Dose (Toxicity) ÷ Effective Dose
Higher means safer
Parenteral Routes - ✔✔Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intravenous
Enteral Routes - ✔✔Mouth
Rectal
Under Tongue
Drug Dependence - ✔✔Physical dependence
Psychological dependence
Tolerance
Abuse Potential - ✔✔Dependence liability
Availability of drug
Harmfulness
CNS Depressants - ✔✔Alcohol
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Sedative-Hypnotics - ✔✔Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines - ✔✔Activate GABA
High therapeutic index
Relief from anxiety
Example: Diazepine, Flurazepam
Gamma-Amino-butyric Acid (GABA) - ✔✔Major inhibitory neurotransmitter
in CNS
Barbiturates - ✔✔Low therapeutic index
Suppress REM sleep
Major problem of respiratory depression
Long-Acting Barbiturate - ✔✔Phenobarbital
Short-Acting Barbiturate - ✔✔Secobarbital
Ultrashort-Acting Barbiturate - ✔✔Thiopental
Flumazenil - ✔✔Blocks effects of benzodiazepines
GABA antagonist
Zolpidem - ✔✔GABA receptor agonist
Does not disturb REM
Buspirone - ✔✔Acts on 5-HT receptor
