ISSA Strength and Conditioning Final
Questions & Answers 100% Correct!!
Sliding Filament Theory - ANSWERActin filaments at each end of the sarcomere slide inward on
myosin filaments, pulling z-lines toward the center of the sarcomere and thus shortening the muscle
fiber.
Muscle fiber fatigue order - ANSWERType 2a
Type 2x
Type 1
lactic acid - ANSWERProduced in muscle cells from the reduction of pyruvate (under anaerobic
conditions) to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. A rise in lactic acid usually
accompanies an increase in physical activity.
elbow adduction - ANSWERNo more than 90 degrees for healthy individuals/45 degrees for people
with problems
Fundamentals of training programming - ANSWERWork capacity
Fitness
Preparedness
Training parameters - ANSWERExercise selection
Muscle growth
Motor unit recruitment
Firing rate of nerves
Physiological cross sectional area
Phalanges - ANSWERbones of the fingers and toes
Double pyramid - ANSWERGo up then down
,wave loading - ANSWERVaries in load or reps between one or more sets
Prep Phase - ANSWERGeneral physical preparation
Specific physical preparation
Sport specific preparation
Talus - ANSWERBy ankle
respiratory system - ANSWERBrings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide.
Calcaneus - ANSWERBy heel
Cervical rotation - ANSWERNeck rotation
frontal plane (coronal plane) - ANSWERAbduction/adduction
saggital plane - ANSWERflexion and extension
transverse plane - ANSWERrotation
The ankle is made up of - ANSWERThe tibia/fibula/talus
Osteoclasts - ANSWERBone-destroying cells
Osteoblasts - ANSWERbone forming cells
Osteocytes - ANSWERmature bone cells
Osteocytes - ANSWERmature bone cells
order of spinal cord - ANSWERcervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
,cancellous bone - ANSWERspongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone
Short bones - ANSWERcarpals and tarsals
Marrow within bones produce blood cells. - ANSWERTrue
axial skeleton - ANSWERPortion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and
vertebral column 80 bones
appendicular skeleton - ANSWERBones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial
skeleton 126 bones
5 types of bones - ANSWERLong bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones
Facet joints - ANSWERsynovial joints that link vertebrae and provide flexibility in the spine
spinous process - ANSWERsharp, slender projection
rectus femoris - ANSWERMiddle of quad
vastus lateralis - ANSWERa muscle toward the outer side of the leg
Transverse process - ANSWERtwo lateral projections from the vertebral arch
cervical vertebrae - ANSWER7 vertebrae
thoracic vertebrae - ANSWER12 vertebrae
Resorption - ANSWERthe process of removing or digesting old bone tissue
Wolff's Law - ANSWERA bone grows or remodels in response to forces or demands placed upon it
, epiphyseal plate - ANSWERGrowth plate, made of cartilage, gradually ossifies
Stress fracture - ANSWERa small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive
impact
computed tomography (CT) - ANSWERbrain-imaging method using computer-controlled X-rays of the
brain
Remodeling - ANSWERThe process of resorption and formation of bone
bone deposition - ANSWERthe addition of minerals and collagen fibers to bone by osteoblasts
Endosteum - ANSWERmembranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone
trabeculae - ANSWERsupporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone
Osteoporosis - ANSWERA condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily.
Fissure - ANSWERan opening; a groove; a split in bone
hyaline cartilage - ANSWERMost common type of cartilage; it is found on the ends of long bones,
ribs, and nose
articular cartilage - ANSWERcovers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints
Fibrocartilage - ANSWERintervertebral discs
elastic cartilage - ANSWERcartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible than hyaline cartilage
Elastin - ANSWERprotein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue
Questions & Answers 100% Correct!!
Sliding Filament Theory - ANSWERActin filaments at each end of the sarcomere slide inward on
myosin filaments, pulling z-lines toward the center of the sarcomere and thus shortening the muscle
fiber.
Muscle fiber fatigue order - ANSWERType 2a
Type 2x
Type 1
lactic acid - ANSWERProduced in muscle cells from the reduction of pyruvate (under anaerobic
conditions) to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. A rise in lactic acid usually
accompanies an increase in physical activity.
elbow adduction - ANSWERNo more than 90 degrees for healthy individuals/45 degrees for people
with problems
Fundamentals of training programming - ANSWERWork capacity
Fitness
Preparedness
Training parameters - ANSWERExercise selection
Muscle growth
Motor unit recruitment
Firing rate of nerves
Physiological cross sectional area
Phalanges - ANSWERbones of the fingers and toes
Double pyramid - ANSWERGo up then down
,wave loading - ANSWERVaries in load or reps between one or more sets
Prep Phase - ANSWERGeneral physical preparation
Specific physical preparation
Sport specific preparation
Talus - ANSWERBy ankle
respiratory system - ANSWERBrings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide.
Calcaneus - ANSWERBy heel
Cervical rotation - ANSWERNeck rotation
frontal plane (coronal plane) - ANSWERAbduction/adduction
saggital plane - ANSWERflexion and extension
transverse plane - ANSWERrotation
The ankle is made up of - ANSWERThe tibia/fibula/talus
Osteoclasts - ANSWERBone-destroying cells
Osteoblasts - ANSWERbone forming cells
Osteocytes - ANSWERmature bone cells
Osteocytes - ANSWERmature bone cells
order of spinal cord - ANSWERcervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
,cancellous bone - ANSWERspongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone
Short bones - ANSWERcarpals and tarsals
Marrow within bones produce blood cells. - ANSWERTrue
axial skeleton - ANSWERPortion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and
vertebral column 80 bones
appendicular skeleton - ANSWERBones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial
skeleton 126 bones
5 types of bones - ANSWERLong bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones
Facet joints - ANSWERsynovial joints that link vertebrae and provide flexibility in the spine
spinous process - ANSWERsharp, slender projection
rectus femoris - ANSWERMiddle of quad
vastus lateralis - ANSWERa muscle toward the outer side of the leg
Transverse process - ANSWERtwo lateral projections from the vertebral arch
cervical vertebrae - ANSWER7 vertebrae
thoracic vertebrae - ANSWER12 vertebrae
Resorption - ANSWERthe process of removing or digesting old bone tissue
Wolff's Law - ANSWERA bone grows or remodels in response to forces or demands placed upon it
, epiphyseal plate - ANSWERGrowth plate, made of cartilage, gradually ossifies
Stress fracture - ANSWERa small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive
impact
computed tomography (CT) - ANSWERbrain-imaging method using computer-controlled X-rays of the
brain
Remodeling - ANSWERThe process of resorption and formation of bone
bone deposition - ANSWERthe addition of minerals and collagen fibers to bone by osteoblasts
Endosteum - ANSWERmembranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone
trabeculae - ANSWERsupporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone
Osteoporosis - ANSWERA condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily.
Fissure - ANSWERan opening; a groove; a split in bone
hyaline cartilage - ANSWERMost common type of cartilage; it is found on the ends of long bones,
ribs, and nose
articular cartilage - ANSWERcovers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints
Fibrocartilage - ANSWERintervertebral discs
elastic cartilage - ANSWERcartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible than hyaline cartilage
Elastin - ANSWERprotein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue
