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Summary

RNSG 2539 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Summary

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2020/2021 Written for academic year
Institution Kilgore College
Course RNSG 2539
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This is a comprehensive and detailed summary on; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) for RNSG 2539. *Essential Study Material!!

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23/08/2021




DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR
COAGULATION (DIC)
CAROLINE HARDEE, MSN, RN




1




OBJECTIVES

• DESCRIBE THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DIC

• IDENTIFY VARIOUS TYPES OF BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS AND THE REASONS
FOR THEIR ADMINISTRATION TO A PATIENT WITH CLOTTING DISORDERS.
• IDENTIFY THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH BLOOD TRANSFUSION

• APPLY NURSING PROCESS RELATED TO BLOOD TRANSFUSION.
• DISCUSS THE MOST COMMON DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY TESTS USED FOR
DIC

• DESCRIBE HOW DIC COMPROMISES TWO ORGAN FUNCTIONS IN A PATIENT
WITH DIC




2




DEFINITION

• LIFE THREATENING PROCESS THAT PREVENTS A
PERSON’S BLOOD FROM CLOTTING NORMALLY. DUE TO:

― EXCESSIVE CLOTTING (THROMBOSIS)
― BLEEDING (HEMORRHAGE)
― CAN LEAD TO
• SHOCK
• ORGAN FAILURE
• DEATH




3



1

, 23/08/2021




CLOTTING CASCADE
QUICK REVIEW



• HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=9QVTHDM90IO




4




PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

• TRIGGERED BY
―ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE
―RELEASE OF TISSUE FACTORS INTO CIRCULATION
―INAPPROPRIATE ACTIVATION OF CLOTTING CASCADE
―BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CASCADES MAY BE
ACTIVATED
―USUALLY EXTRINSIC




5




PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

• EXTENSIVE THROMBIN ENTERING
CIRCULATION OVERWHELMS NATURAL
ANTICOAGULANTS AND LEADS TO
UNRESTRICTED CLOT FORMATION
―PLATELETS CLUMP TOGETHER
―CLOGS SMALL BLOOD VESSELS
―DAMAGES ORGANS
―DESTROYS BLOOD CELLS




6



2

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