L3 CERAD THEORY QUESTINS AND ANSWERS
What is input? - Answers- Vision/hearing sending information to the brain
What is the legal tread limit on a tyre (Highway Code)? - Answers- 1mm
Why should you leave a space between ourselves and the vehicle in front ? - Answers-
1. so if rear ended we have space to not hit the vehicle in front of you
2. if you receive an assignment we can manoeuvre easily
3. so not to intimidate the driver in front
What types of road surfaces are there? - Answers- - tarmac
- asphalt
- anti-skid
- concete
- cobbles, brick paving or pavers
- metal
Are you allowed to tow anything? - Answers- You MUST NOT tow more than your
licence allows
What is the decision making process? - Answers- Anticipation
Planning
Assessing space, position and gear
What must you do if a vehicle coming towards you has high/main beam on? - Answers-
Look to N/S kerb and MUST NOT use/flash headlights to intimidate other road users
What are three types of motorways ? - Answers- Controlled motorway
Hard shoulder running
All lanes running
What distance are ETB POSTS, ETB signs and ETB's? - Answers- Post are 100m
apart
Signs are 500m
ETB's are 1.5 miles apart
What three things should you consider when seating apt in the back on an ambulance?
- Answers- Make sure pts feet can touch the floor
Sit on the O/S of the vehicle for a smoother ride
Don't sit on a wheel arch when possible
What are 8 human factors that cause collisions ? - Answers- Fatigue
Red mist
Lack of concentration
,Speed
Complacency
Frustration
Driver behaviour
Stress
What can overtaking lead to ? - Answers- Head on collisions, 90% risk of death
travelling at 60mph
Are you allowed to use your fog lights at any time ? - Answers- You MUST NOT use
your front or rear fog lights unless visibility is reduced to 100m or less
How many collisions happen each day and what's the most common collision? -
Answers- 25 ambulance collisions per day
most common = ambulances collide with parked cars
Braking smoothly has three stages what are they ? - Answers- 1. Take up free play in
the pedal
2. Increase pressure progressively to bring vehicle to a stop
3. Release brake pressure just before stopping or when enough speed is lost
On any road junction, what is the minimum distance you can park if no solid lines ? -
Answers- 10m
When can you flash your headlights ? - Answers- To let other road users know you're
there
What is the height off the shoulder that a seatbelt should be ? - Answers- 25-50mm
every action equals what? - Answers- A reaction
What does ESP mean and what does it do ? - Answers- Electronic stability programme
- an active system which incorporates conventional ABS and TCS. It is designed to help
vehicle stability by detecting when it is driven to the limit of its physical capabilities.
What 2 road surfaces have a likelihood to skidding ? - Answers- Cobbles, brick paving
and pavers
Metal surfaces
On a motorway/smart motorway where would you pull into if an emergency happened
with your vehicle ? - Answers- Normal motorway = hard shoulder
Smart motorway = emergency use area
Prior to the use of an ambulance especially for ERD, checks must be carried out to
make sure its what ? - Answers- Safe
Roadworthy
, Compliant with law
Satisfies health and safety legislation
Sets a good example
What does output mean? - Answers- Taking action - by making an appropriate
response
Are you allowed to use your hazard lights to say thank you ? - Answers- You MUST
NOT use hazard lights, unless to warn other road users of a hazard or obstruction
ahead.
What colour background is a non-primary, primary and motorway sign? - Answers-
Non-primary - white with a black outline
Primary - green
Motorway - blue
What is a T2 hazard ? - Answers- Movement and position of other road users
How many types of hazards are there ? - Answers- 3
What is a T3 hazard ? - Answers- Weather (snow, rain, sun,ice wind ect)
What other physiological factors can affect concern traction and reaction times when
driving ? - Answers- Minor illness
Medications
Residual blood/drug alcohol
Low/high blood sugar levels
Life stresses
On ERD are you exempt from dangerous driving ? - Answers- NO
What is decision time ? - Answers- Time between observing the hazard and deciding
what to do
Are you allowed to exceed the speed limits for the roads ? - Answers- You MUST NOT
exceed the speed limits for the roads and vehicles (exemptions apply )
What are the 4 skid causes ? - Answers- BASS = brakes, acceleration, speed, steering
When is a banksman needed and where should they be used? - Answers- Always
when reversing and banksman should be 1m from the N/S of the vehicle and always
visible in the N/S mirror.
On ERD how fast over the speed limit is acceptable ? - Answers- +50%
What is input? - Answers- Vision/hearing sending information to the brain
What is the legal tread limit on a tyre (Highway Code)? - Answers- 1mm
Why should you leave a space between ourselves and the vehicle in front ? - Answers-
1. so if rear ended we have space to not hit the vehicle in front of you
2. if you receive an assignment we can manoeuvre easily
3. so not to intimidate the driver in front
What types of road surfaces are there? - Answers- - tarmac
- asphalt
- anti-skid
- concete
- cobbles, brick paving or pavers
- metal
Are you allowed to tow anything? - Answers- You MUST NOT tow more than your
licence allows
What is the decision making process? - Answers- Anticipation
Planning
Assessing space, position and gear
What must you do if a vehicle coming towards you has high/main beam on? - Answers-
Look to N/S kerb and MUST NOT use/flash headlights to intimidate other road users
What are three types of motorways ? - Answers- Controlled motorway
Hard shoulder running
All lanes running
What distance are ETB POSTS, ETB signs and ETB's? - Answers- Post are 100m
apart
Signs are 500m
ETB's are 1.5 miles apart
What three things should you consider when seating apt in the back on an ambulance?
- Answers- Make sure pts feet can touch the floor
Sit on the O/S of the vehicle for a smoother ride
Don't sit on a wheel arch when possible
What are 8 human factors that cause collisions ? - Answers- Fatigue
Red mist
Lack of concentration
,Speed
Complacency
Frustration
Driver behaviour
Stress
What can overtaking lead to ? - Answers- Head on collisions, 90% risk of death
travelling at 60mph
Are you allowed to use your fog lights at any time ? - Answers- You MUST NOT use
your front or rear fog lights unless visibility is reduced to 100m or less
How many collisions happen each day and what's the most common collision? -
Answers- 25 ambulance collisions per day
most common = ambulances collide with parked cars
Braking smoothly has three stages what are they ? - Answers- 1. Take up free play in
the pedal
2. Increase pressure progressively to bring vehicle to a stop
3. Release brake pressure just before stopping or when enough speed is lost
On any road junction, what is the minimum distance you can park if no solid lines ? -
Answers- 10m
When can you flash your headlights ? - Answers- To let other road users know you're
there
What is the height off the shoulder that a seatbelt should be ? - Answers- 25-50mm
every action equals what? - Answers- A reaction
What does ESP mean and what does it do ? - Answers- Electronic stability programme
- an active system which incorporates conventional ABS and TCS. It is designed to help
vehicle stability by detecting when it is driven to the limit of its physical capabilities.
What 2 road surfaces have a likelihood to skidding ? - Answers- Cobbles, brick paving
and pavers
Metal surfaces
On a motorway/smart motorway where would you pull into if an emergency happened
with your vehicle ? - Answers- Normal motorway = hard shoulder
Smart motorway = emergency use area
Prior to the use of an ambulance especially for ERD, checks must be carried out to
make sure its what ? - Answers- Safe
Roadworthy
, Compliant with law
Satisfies health and safety legislation
Sets a good example
What does output mean? - Answers- Taking action - by making an appropriate
response
Are you allowed to use your hazard lights to say thank you ? - Answers- You MUST
NOT use hazard lights, unless to warn other road users of a hazard or obstruction
ahead.
What colour background is a non-primary, primary and motorway sign? - Answers-
Non-primary - white with a black outline
Primary - green
Motorway - blue
What is a T2 hazard ? - Answers- Movement and position of other road users
How many types of hazards are there ? - Answers- 3
What is a T3 hazard ? - Answers- Weather (snow, rain, sun,ice wind ect)
What other physiological factors can affect concern traction and reaction times when
driving ? - Answers- Minor illness
Medications
Residual blood/drug alcohol
Low/high blood sugar levels
Life stresses
On ERD are you exempt from dangerous driving ? - Answers- NO
What is decision time ? - Answers- Time between observing the hazard and deciding
what to do
Are you allowed to exceed the speed limits for the roads ? - Answers- You MUST NOT
exceed the speed limits for the roads and vehicles (exemptions apply )
What are the 4 skid causes ? - Answers- BASS = brakes, acceleration, speed, steering
When is a banksman needed and where should they be used? - Answers- Always
when reversing and banksman should be 1m from the N/S of the vehicle and always
visible in the N/S mirror.
On ERD how fast over the speed limit is acceptable ? - Answers- +50%
