Gerontology Exam Study Guide Solutions

Gerontology Exam Study Guide Solutions geriatrics - ANSWER-specialty in medicine, dentistry and nursing. focuses on how to manage and prevent diseases associated with old age. gerontology - ANSWER-a multidisciplinary discipline that brings together research specialists in many areas of 1. basic 2. clinical (medicine) 3. behavioral (ex: drinking behavior; drink before thirsty) 4. social sciences ageism - ANSWER-negative attitudes help by people towards older people robert butler - ANSWER-first director of the national institute of aging (nia) who coined the term, "ageism" fields of gerontology - ANSWER-a. psychology: seeks ways to improve quality of life for older adults b. psychiatry ©EMILLECT2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/25 c. sociology d. physical and occupational therapy e. nursing f. social work g. medicine h. biology: describes the cellular process of aging i. dentistry j. economics k. political sciences dual process of adaptation of older adults to the environment - ANSWER-1. adjust to some qualities of physical and social environment (ex: extensive paperwork for medicare) 2. induce changes in others/environment (Ex: lobbying to expand Medicare benefits in order to cover dental care) 4 distinct processes of aging viewed by gerontologist - ANSWER-1. chronological aging 2. biological aging ©EMILLECT2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/25 3. psychological aging 4. social aging chronological aging - ANSWER-based on persons years from birth biological aging - ANSWER-based on physical changes that impact the efficiency of the body's organ systems negatively. process of bodily changes over time psychological aging - ANSWER-based on sensory and perceptual changes, changes in mental functioning, personality and adaptive capacity social aging - ANSWER-based on people's changing relationships and roles within society, relative to work, friendship, religious and political groups. cohort - ANSWER-a group of people born at roughly the same time 4 environment comprises - ANSWER-1. the community 2. the larger society 3. the neighborhood 4. the home ©EMILLECT2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 4/25 person-environment perspective: the perspective of social gerontology = the belief that the environment changes as a function of older adults: - ANSWER-a) Taking from the environment what they need b) Controlling what can be manipulated c) Adjusting to conditions that cannot be changed environmental press - ANSWER-the demands put on people by physical and social environments to adapt, respond or change competence - ANSWER-the higher people's competence, the higher the tolerance level for environmental press (ex: physical disability limits the level of physical and social demand a person can meet) (coping skills) ex:- sometimes families may do too much for older family members who may no longer feel that they are contributing to the needs of the family. maximum life span - ANSWER-maximum number of years a given species could be expected to live in the event that all environmental hazards were eliminated (about 120 years for humans unless some extraordinary discoveries occur) life expectancy - ANSWER-a probability estimate of how long