Advanced Pathophysiology NR507/NR 507 Final Exam Preparation 250+ Questions with Verified Answers

The relay station in the brain that plays a major role in regulating micturition is: - ANS: Pontine micturition center. The location of the internal sphincter is under the urogenital diaphragm. - ANS: false (located in the bladder) When the bladder is empty, the detrusor muscle relaxes, and the internal and external sphincters constrict. - ANS: true The levator ani muscle plays a major role in constriction of the external sphincter. - ANS: true stress incontinence - ANS: leakage of urine with activity Increased intra-abdominal pressure causes leaking because there is no resistance to counteract the intra-abdominal pressure urge incontinence - ANS: leakage of urine with sensation of need to urinate Detrusor muscle hyperactivity leads to urine leakage neurogenic incontinence - ANS: unimpeded urine leakage Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis: - ANS: indwelling foley catheter The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts - ANS: true Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram negative because of the presence of: - ANS: nitrites A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency and burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely that the NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit. - ANS: true The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: - ANS: The UTI responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy. A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include: - ANS: Staphylococcus saprophyticus