©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
CSU PSY 252 Exam #1 Study Guide
Solutions
Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) - ANSWER✔✔-Made Psychology as independent discipline away from
physiology
- 1879 - 1st Successful formal psych lab
- 1881 - 1st journal devoted to psych labs
- 1883-1889 - 23 new psych labs
G. Stanley Hall (1846-1924) - ANSWER✔✔-American, was under Wilhelm Wundt
- 1883 - 1st American lab @ John Hopkins
- 1887 - 1st American psych journal
- 1892 - American Psychiatric Association founded
Structuralism - ANSWER✔✔-Edward Titchener (1892)
- Task of psych is to analyze consciences to basic elements and analyze how those basic elements relate
Page 1/16
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Introspection - Careful, systematic self-observation of one's own conscious experience
Functionalism - ANSWER✔✔-William James (1842-1910)
- Psych should investigate the function/purpose of consciousness, rather than the structure
- Shows how psych is embedded in a network of culture and intellectual influences
- Natural Selection - Heritable characteristics that provide a survival or reproductive advantage are more
likely to be passed on to other generations or "selected" over time
- Psychologists should investigate the functions vs. structure of consciousness, consists of a continuous
flow of thoughts
- Stream of consciousness vs lab (how people adapt their behavior to the demands of the world
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) - ANSWER✔✔-Austrian psychologist came up with psychoanalysis
- Psychoanalysis - explains personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on the unconscious
- The unconscious - Contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of
conscious awareness, but are a great influence on behavior
Behaviorism - ANSWER✔✔-John B. Watson (1878-1958)
- Theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study observable
behavior
Page 2/16
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Behavior reflects to any observable response or activity by an organism
- S-R Psych (Simultaneous-response psych), using animals to study
- Science of behavior
B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) - ANSWER✔✔-Psych should only study observable behavior
- working w/ lab rats and pigeons, organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to neutral or neg.
consequences
- Behavior is governed by external stimuli, Beyond Freedom & Dignity that free will is an illusion
(controversial ideas, misunderstood)
- Humanism became influential in the 1950's after behaviorism and psychoanalysis became
unsatisfactory
- Led by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers - emphasis on qualities of human behavior and humans
Carl Rogers (1902-1987) - ANSWER✔✔-Humanistic psychologist - agreed with the main assumptions of
Abraham Maslow,
- For a person to "grow", they need:
- an environment that provides them with genuineness (openness and self-disclosure)
- acceptance (being seen with unconditional positive regard)
Page 3/16
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
CSU PSY 252 Exam #1 Study Guide
Solutions
Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) - ANSWER✔✔-Made Psychology as independent discipline away from
physiology
- 1879 - 1st Successful formal psych lab
- 1881 - 1st journal devoted to psych labs
- 1883-1889 - 23 new psych labs
G. Stanley Hall (1846-1924) - ANSWER✔✔-American, was under Wilhelm Wundt
- 1883 - 1st American lab @ John Hopkins
- 1887 - 1st American psych journal
- 1892 - American Psychiatric Association founded
Structuralism - ANSWER✔✔-Edward Titchener (1892)
- Task of psych is to analyze consciences to basic elements and analyze how those basic elements relate
Page 1/16
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Introspection - Careful, systematic self-observation of one's own conscious experience
Functionalism - ANSWER✔✔-William James (1842-1910)
- Psych should investigate the function/purpose of consciousness, rather than the structure
- Shows how psych is embedded in a network of culture and intellectual influences
- Natural Selection - Heritable characteristics that provide a survival or reproductive advantage are more
likely to be passed on to other generations or "selected" over time
- Psychologists should investigate the functions vs. structure of consciousness, consists of a continuous
flow of thoughts
- Stream of consciousness vs lab (how people adapt their behavior to the demands of the world
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) - ANSWER✔✔-Austrian psychologist came up with psychoanalysis
- Psychoanalysis - explains personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on the unconscious
- The unconscious - Contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of
conscious awareness, but are a great influence on behavior
Behaviorism - ANSWER✔✔-John B. Watson (1878-1958)
- Theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study observable
behavior
Page 2/16
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
- Behavior reflects to any observable response or activity by an organism
- S-R Psych (Simultaneous-response psych), using animals to study
- Science of behavior
B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) - ANSWER✔✔-Psych should only study observable behavior
- working w/ lab rats and pigeons, organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to neutral or neg.
consequences
- Behavior is governed by external stimuli, Beyond Freedom & Dignity that free will is an illusion
(controversial ideas, misunderstood)
- Humanism became influential in the 1950's after behaviorism and psychoanalysis became
unsatisfactory
- Led by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers - emphasis on qualities of human behavior and humans
Carl Rogers (1902-1987) - ANSWER✔✔-Humanistic psychologist - agreed with the main assumptions of
Abraham Maslow,
- For a person to "grow", they need:
- an environment that provides them with genuineness (openness and self-disclosure)
- acceptance (being seen with unconditional positive regard)
Page 3/16
