EXPH 386 Unit 5
T/F the lungs are fragile and delicate - Answer-true
T/F the lung is the only organ, other than the heart, that receives the entire cardiac output - Answer-
true
functions of the lung - Answer--gas exchange
-filtering (blood and air)
-vocalizations (speaking, singing, etc.)
filtering blood and air - Answer--captures inhaled particles so they don't move far in the respiratory
tract
-breakdown on vasoactive substances (metabolic functions)
metabolic function of breakdown of vasoactive substances - Answer--converts angiotensin I to
angiotensin II (ACE is in the lungs in high concentrations)
-bradykinin (80% inactivated in lungs)
-serotonin (almost completely removed)
-norepinephrine (up to 30% removed)
,-PGE2 and PGF2 alpha (almost completely removed)
-leukotrienes (almost completely removed)
amount of O2 consumed at rest - Answer-250 mL/min
-body consumes, so must pass through the lung
amount of CO2 produced at rest - Answer-300 mL/min
ventilation at rest = - Answer-5000 mL/min or 5 L/min
-so cardiac output is 5 L/min
amount of O2 consumed during exercise - Answer-3000 mL/min
-up to 6250 mL/min in athletes
amount of CO2 produced during exercise - Answer-3000 mL/min
-up to 7000 mL/min in athletes
ventilation during exercise = - Answer-> 60,000 mL/min
-up to 120,000 mL/min in athletes
-cardiac output 30,000 mL/min or 30 L/min
upper airways - Answer-nasopharynx, epiglottis, larynx
airways to the lungs - Answer-trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
, is cartilage present in all airways? - Answer-no - lose cartilage lining as branching increases
where is the carina located? - Answer-at the end of the trachea, before it splits to the bronchi
which airways contribute to the most airway resistance? - Answer-the upper airways and the midsize
bronchi
-smaller surface area = increased resistance
lobes in the lung - Answer-right: has 3 - upper, middle, and lower
left: has 2 - lose the middle due to where the heart sits
pleural space in the lung - Answer-space between the lung lobes and the wall of the lung
muscles - Answer-diaphragm: under lobes of the lung
intercostals: between ribs
where does gas exchange occur? - Answer-in the respiratory zone only
*see diagram
what cells line the lungs and why? - Answer-epithelial cells because the lungs are exposed to outside air
T/F height does not affect lung size - Answer-false
alveoli - Answer--lungs contain between 300 and 600 million
-thin walled, single epithelial cells
-elastic
T/F the lungs are fragile and delicate - Answer-true
T/F the lung is the only organ, other than the heart, that receives the entire cardiac output - Answer-
true
functions of the lung - Answer--gas exchange
-filtering (blood and air)
-vocalizations (speaking, singing, etc.)
filtering blood and air - Answer--captures inhaled particles so they don't move far in the respiratory
tract
-breakdown on vasoactive substances (metabolic functions)
metabolic function of breakdown of vasoactive substances - Answer--converts angiotensin I to
angiotensin II (ACE is in the lungs in high concentrations)
-bradykinin (80% inactivated in lungs)
-serotonin (almost completely removed)
-norepinephrine (up to 30% removed)
,-PGE2 and PGF2 alpha (almost completely removed)
-leukotrienes (almost completely removed)
amount of O2 consumed at rest - Answer-250 mL/min
-body consumes, so must pass through the lung
amount of CO2 produced at rest - Answer-300 mL/min
ventilation at rest = - Answer-5000 mL/min or 5 L/min
-so cardiac output is 5 L/min
amount of O2 consumed during exercise - Answer-3000 mL/min
-up to 6250 mL/min in athletes
amount of CO2 produced during exercise - Answer-3000 mL/min
-up to 7000 mL/min in athletes
ventilation during exercise = - Answer-> 60,000 mL/min
-up to 120,000 mL/min in athletes
-cardiac output 30,000 mL/min or 30 L/min
upper airways - Answer-nasopharynx, epiglottis, larynx
airways to the lungs - Answer-trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
, is cartilage present in all airways? - Answer-no - lose cartilage lining as branching increases
where is the carina located? - Answer-at the end of the trachea, before it splits to the bronchi
which airways contribute to the most airway resistance? - Answer-the upper airways and the midsize
bronchi
-smaller surface area = increased resistance
lobes in the lung - Answer-right: has 3 - upper, middle, and lower
left: has 2 - lose the middle due to where the heart sits
pleural space in the lung - Answer-space between the lung lobes and the wall of the lung
muscles - Answer-diaphragm: under lobes of the lung
intercostals: between ribs
where does gas exchange occur? - Answer-in the respiratory zone only
*see diagram
what cells line the lungs and why? - Answer-epithelial cells because the lungs are exposed to outside air
T/F height does not affect lung size - Answer-false
alveoli - Answer--lungs contain between 300 and 600 million
-thin walled, single epithelial cells
-elastic
