EXPH 38 Exam 3
coordination and integration of the muscles of the body together with the nerves that supply them -
Answer-neuromuscular system
Larger cell bodies are associated with? - Answer-higher critical firing rates
dictates the critical firing rate of the action potential. also contain the structures involved in replication
and transmission of genetic code - Answer-cell body (soma)
What is the neuromuscular system important for? - Answer-important in movement
short neutral branches that receive impulses through numerous connections and conduct them toward
the cell body - Answer-dendrites
Larger axons are associated with ___________ _______________ velocities. - Answer-faster conduction
extends from the cell body to deliver action potentials toward the muscle to the motor endplate -
Answer-axon
What tells the muscles how to behave? - Answer-axons
,What protects axons from other signals? - Answer-myelin sheath
a lipoprotein membrane that wraps around the axon over most of its length; acts as an electrical
insulator that envelops the axon similar to the plastic coating around an electrical wire. - Answer-myelin
sheath
The myelin sheath is wrapped around the _______. - Answer-axon
specialized cells that create or deposit the myelin sheath around the axon - Answer-schwann cells
What is the purpose of the nodes of ranvier? - Answer-to allow gaps
interrupt the myelin sheath every 1 to 2 mm along the length of the axon - Answer-nodes of ranvier
The gaps or interruptions are ______________ areas that allow the action potential to jump from node
to node; this is know as ____________ conduction. - Answer-uninsulated, saltatory
If no myelin were present, conduction velocities would be a lot ___________. - Answer-slower
multiple extensions of the axon that innervate individual muscle fibers - Answer-nerve terminal
branches
represents the interface between the end of the axon at the terminal branch and the muscle fibers -
Answer-motor endplates or neuromuscular junction
cylindrical means - Answer-long tubes
,Where is force directed? - Answer-along the fiber's long axis
What are the skeletal muscles of the body composed of? - Answer-multinucleated cylindrical cells called
fibers
Connective tissue layers are associated with _____________ muscles. - Answer-skeletal
T or F: All fiber lengths are the same length - Answer-false
a fine layer of connective tissue that wraps each muscle fiber and separates it from the neighboring
fibers - Answer-endomysium
surrounds a bundle of up to 150 fibers - Answer-perimysium
a large bundle of fibers - Answer-fasiculus
a fascia of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle - Answer-epimysium
What connective tissue is the smallest? - Answer-endomysium
dense connective tissue composed of primarily collagen, the extension of the epimysium at the ends of
the muscle - Answer-tendons
bone's outermost covering; tendons connect the muscle to this covering of the bone - Answer-
periosteum
, What is the true fiber boundary? - Answer-sarcolemma
the muscle fiber membrane; a thin elastic membrane that encloses the fiber's cellular contents -
Answer-sarcolemma
Where is the basement membrane located? - Answer-outside the muscle fiber (between epithelium
and connective tissue)
a loose collection of glycoproteins and collagen - Answer-basement membrane
contains the nuclei, substrates, and enzymes required the metabolism, the nuclei, mitochondria, and
other specialized - Answer-sacroplasm
highly specialized network of tubular channels that allows a wave of depolarization to spread rapidly
from the sarcolemma to the inner environment through T-tubules to initiate muscle contraction -
Answer-sacroplasmic reticulum
Sacroplasmic reticulum stores what? - Answer-stores a large concentration of calcium in the muscle
fiber
Where does the myonuclei reside? - Answer-directly under the sarcolemma at the periphery of the
fibers
true muscle fiber nuclei; muscle fibers are multinucleated - Answer-myonuclei
Myonuclei represents ____-_____% of the total nuclear pool. - Answer-85%-95%
What is hypertrophy? - Answer--increase in fibers
coordination and integration of the muscles of the body together with the nerves that supply them -
Answer-neuromuscular system
Larger cell bodies are associated with? - Answer-higher critical firing rates
dictates the critical firing rate of the action potential. also contain the structures involved in replication
and transmission of genetic code - Answer-cell body (soma)
What is the neuromuscular system important for? - Answer-important in movement
short neutral branches that receive impulses through numerous connections and conduct them toward
the cell body - Answer-dendrites
Larger axons are associated with ___________ _______________ velocities. - Answer-faster conduction
extends from the cell body to deliver action potentials toward the muscle to the motor endplate -
Answer-axon
What tells the muscles how to behave? - Answer-axons
,What protects axons from other signals? - Answer-myelin sheath
a lipoprotein membrane that wraps around the axon over most of its length; acts as an electrical
insulator that envelops the axon similar to the plastic coating around an electrical wire. - Answer-myelin
sheath
The myelin sheath is wrapped around the _______. - Answer-axon
specialized cells that create or deposit the myelin sheath around the axon - Answer-schwann cells
What is the purpose of the nodes of ranvier? - Answer-to allow gaps
interrupt the myelin sheath every 1 to 2 mm along the length of the axon - Answer-nodes of ranvier
The gaps or interruptions are ______________ areas that allow the action potential to jump from node
to node; this is know as ____________ conduction. - Answer-uninsulated, saltatory
If no myelin were present, conduction velocities would be a lot ___________. - Answer-slower
multiple extensions of the axon that innervate individual muscle fibers - Answer-nerve terminal
branches
represents the interface between the end of the axon at the terminal branch and the muscle fibers -
Answer-motor endplates or neuromuscular junction
cylindrical means - Answer-long tubes
,Where is force directed? - Answer-along the fiber's long axis
What are the skeletal muscles of the body composed of? - Answer-multinucleated cylindrical cells called
fibers
Connective tissue layers are associated with _____________ muscles. - Answer-skeletal
T or F: All fiber lengths are the same length - Answer-false
a fine layer of connective tissue that wraps each muscle fiber and separates it from the neighboring
fibers - Answer-endomysium
surrounds a bundle of up to 150 fibers - Answer-perimysium
a large bundle of fibers - Answer-fasiculus
a fascia of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle - Answer-epimysium
What connective tissue is the smallest? - Answer-endomysium
dense connective tissue composed of primarily collagen, the extension of the epimysium at the ends of
the muscle - Answer-tendons
bone's outermost covering; tendons connect the muscle to this covering of the bone - Answer-
periosteum
, What is the true fiber boundary? - Answer-sarcolemma
the muscle fiber membrane; a thin elastic membrane that encloses the fiber's cellular contents -
Answer-sarcolemma
Where is the basement membrane located? - Answer-outside the muscle fiber (between epithelium
and connective tissue)
a loose collection of glycoproteins and collagen - Answer-basement membrane
contains the nuclei, substrates, and enzymes required the metabolism, the nuclei, mitochondria, and
other specialized - Answer-sacroplasm
highly specialized network of tubular channels that allows a wave of depolarization to spread rapidly
from the sarcolemma to the inner environment through T-tubules to initiate muscle contraction -
Answer-sacroplasmic reticulum
Sacroplasmic reticulum stores what? - Answer-stores a large concentration of calcium in the muscle
fiber
Where does the myonuclei reside? - Answer-directly under the sarcolemma at the periphery of the
fibers
true muscle fiber nuclei; muscle fibers are multinucleated - Answer-myonuclei
Myonuclei represents ____-_____% of the total nuclear pool. - Answer-85%-95%
What is hypertrophy? - Answer--increase in fibers
