EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
Dilated Cardiomyopathy: most common cause is ____. Others? - CORRECT
ANSWERS alcohol; may also be idiopathic, myocarditis, or drugs (doxorubicin)
-- 1 in 3 cases of heart failure are caused by dilated cardiomyopathy
What PE and EKG changes are seen with dilated cardiomyopathy? - CORRECT
ANSWERS PE: S3, JVD, crackles - possible mitral regurg
EKG: nonspecific ST and T wave changes, LBBB
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: is due to hypertrophy of the _____. PE reveals
mitral regurgitation, a ____heart sound, and prominent left ventricular
impulse. EKG reveals LVH - CORRECT ANSWERS cardiac septum; S4
Restrictive cardiomyopathy: often caused by a ____process, or post-radiation
or post open-heart surgery. What is the most common first symptom? -
CORRECT ANSWERS --infiltrative process - amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, and
hemochromatosis -- changes in myocardium
--most common first symptom is exertion intolerance and fluid retention, signs
of right heart failure
Atrial fibrillation - regularly irregular - the most common sustained arrhythmia
in adults - what three treatments are used? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. rate
control w BB, CCB, or digoxin
2. Anticoagulation w heparin & warfarin
3. rhythm control w amiodarone or cardioversion
Atrial flutter - sawtooth pattern in II, III, aVF - what three treatments are used?
- CORRECT ANSWERS 1. cardioversion if no contraindications
,EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
2. acute rate control tx w BB, CCB - amiodarone, sotalol, quinidine, or
procainamide
3. If site of reentrant is known, catheter ablation
Multifocal atrial tachycardia - noted in patients with COPD or severe systemic
illness - EKG shows multiple shaped P waves and differing PR intervals. ____are
agents of choice? - CORRECT ANSWERS CCB
BLOCKS
1. ____=prolonged PR interval
2.____=progressive increase in PR until Pwave is blocked.
3._____=sudden block in P wave w no change in PR
4._____=atrial and ventricular rhythm are independent of each other. -
CORRECT ANSWERS First degree; Wenckebach Mobitz type I; Mobitz type II,
Third degree block
A _____may develop after acute MI, PE, aortic stenosis and is due to a
conduction delay in the right or left bundles. - CORRECT ANSWERS Bundle
branch block
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is a reentry tachycardia, commonly
noted in elderly patients with underlying heart disease. What treatment may
be helpful before using adenosine ie. the drug of choice? - CORRECT ANSWERS
vagal maneuvers or antianxiety medication
,EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
What are some drugs associated with Torsades de pointes? - CORRECT
ANSWERS tricyclic antidepressants, erythromycin, ketoconazole, haloperidol,
cisapride, disopyramide, pentamidine, sotalol, class I anti-arrhythmics
CHF - Systolic dysfunction means a problem with the ____. What drug is
contraindicated? - CORRECT ANSWERS pump; CCB!
CHF - Diastolic dysfunction means a problem with the ____. - CORRECT
ANSWERS compliance or relaxation of the heart during ventricular filling
The ________principle means that as preload increases, the ventricle is
stretched during diastole filling and the ejection fraction is increased. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Frank-Starling principle
_____is released from cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension.
- CORRECT ANSWERS BNP - B-type natriuretic peptide
What is the pharmacologic therapy for heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1.
diuretics for fluid retention
2. ACEi
3. vasodilators (hydralazine & nitrates)
4. BB for LV dysfunction
5. digitalis to increase cardiac contractility
Functional Classification of Heart Failure:
___-No cardiac symptoms with ordinary activity.
, EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
___-Cardiac symptoms w MARKED activity but asymptomatic at rest
___-Cardiac symptoms w MILD activity but asymptomatic at rest
___-Cardiac symptoms at rest. - CORRECT ANSWERS Class I, Class II, Class III,
Class IV
Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as greater than ____. Stage 2 Hypertension is
defined as greater than ____. - CORRECT ANSWERS 140/90; 160/100
Hypertension Drug of Choice for:
angina
diabetes
hyperlipidemia
CHF
Previous MI
Chronic Renal Failure
Asthma, COPD - CORRECT ANSWERS Angina - BB, CCB
Diabetes - ACEi & CCB, avoid diuretics
Hyperlipidemia - ACEi & CCB, avoid diuretics/BB
CHF - diuretics & ACEi, avoid CCB/BB
Previous MI - BB/ACEi
Chronic renal failure - diuretics, CCB
Asthma - diuretics & CCB, avoid BB
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
Dilated Cardiomyopathy: most common cause is ____. Others? - CORRECT
ANSWERS alcohol; may also be idiopathic, myocarditis, or drugs (doxorubicin)
-- 1 in 3 cases of heart failure are caused by dilated cardiomyopathy
What PE and EKG changes are seen with dilated cardiomyopathy? - CORRECT
ANSWERS PE: S3, JVD, crackles - possible mitral regurg
EKG: nonspecific ST and T wave changes, LBBB
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: is due to hypertrophy of the _____. PE reveals
mitral regurgitation, a ____heart sound, and prominent left ventricular
impulse. EKG reveals LVH - CORRECT ANSWERS cardiac septum; S4
Restrictive cardiomyopathy: often caused by a ____process, or post-radiation
or post open-heart surgery. What is the most common first symptom? -
CORRECT ANSWERS --infiltrative process - amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, and
hemochromatosis -- changes in myocardium
--most common first symptom is exertion intolerance and fluid retention, signs
of right heart failure
Atrial fibrillation - regularly irregular - the most common sustained arrhythmia
in adults - what three treatments are used? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. rate
control w BB, CCB, or digoxin
2. Anticoagulation w heparin & warfarin
3. rhythm control w amiodarone or cardioversion
Atrial flutter - sawtooth pattern in II, III, aVF - what three treatments are used?
- CORRECT ANSWERS 1. cardioversion if no contraindications
,EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
2. acute rate control tx w BB, CCB - amiodarone, sotalol, quinidine, or
procainamide
3. If site of reentrant is known, catheter ablation
Multifocal atrial tachycardia - noted in patients with COPD or severe systemic
illness - EKG shows multiple shaped P waves and differing PR intervals. ____are
agents of choice? - CORRECT ANSWERS CCB
BLOCKS
1. ____=prolonged PR interval
2.____=progressive increase in PR until Pwave is blocked.
3._____=sudden block in P wave w no change in PR
4._____=atrial and ventricular rhythm are independent of each other. -
CORRECT ANSWERS First degree; Wenckebach Mobitz type I; Mobitz type II,
Third degree block
A _____may develop after acute MI, PE, aortic stenosis and is due to a
conduction delay in the right or left bundles. - CORRECT ANSWERS Bundle
branch block
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is a reentry tachycardia, commonly
noted in elderly patients with underlying heart disease. What treatment may
be helpful before using adenosine ie. the drug of choice? - CORRECT ANSWERS
vagal maneuvers or antianxiety medication
,EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
What are some drugs associated with Torsades de pointes? - CORRECT
ANSWERS tricyclic antidepressants, erythromycin, ketoconazole, haloperidol,
cisapride, disopyramide, pentamidine, sotalol, class I anti-arrhythmics
CHF - Systolic dysfunction means a problem with the ____. What drug is
contraindicated? - CORRECT ANSWERS pump; CCB!
CHF - Diastolic dysfunction means a problem with the ____. - CORRECT
ANSWERS compliance or relaxation of the heart during ventricular filling
The ________principle means that as preload increases, the ventricle is
stretched during diastole filling and the ejection fraction is increased. -
CORRECT ANSWERS Frank-Starling principle
_____is released from cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension.
- CORRECT ANSWERS BNP - B-type natriuretic peptide
What is the pharmacologic therapy for heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1.
diuretics for fluid retention
2. ACEi
3. vasodilators (hydralazine & nitrates)
4. BB for LV dysfunction
5. digitalis to increase cardiac contractility
Functional Classification of Heart Failure:
___-No cardiac symptoms with ordinary activity.
, EMERGENCY MEDICINE EOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
DETAILED BEST GRADED A+ FOR SUCCESS
___-Cardiac symptoms w MARKED activity but asymptomatic at rest
___-Cardiac symptoms w MILD activity but asymptomatic at rest
___-Cardiac symptoms at rest. - CORRECT ANSWERS Class I, Class II, Class III,
Class IV
Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as greater than ____. Stage 2 Hypertension is
defined as greater than ____. - CORRECT ANSWERS 140/90; 160/100
Hypertension Drug of Choice for:
angina
diabetes
hyperlipidemia
CHF
Previous MI
Chronic Renal Failure
Asthma, COPD - CORRECT ANSWERS Angina - BB, CCB
Diabetes - ACEi & CCB, avoid diuretics
Hyperlipidemia - ACEi & CCB, avoid diuretics/BB
CHF - diuretics & ACEi, avoid CCB/BB
Previous MI - BB/ACEi
Chronic renal failure - diuretics, CCB
Asthma - diuretics & CCB, avoid BB
