MCB*2050 Final Exam with
100% correct answers 2025
Nuclear Speckles - answer Where mRNA splicing occurs
Nucleolus - answer Ribosome biogenesis
FG NUPs - answer FG nucleoporins, fill the central channel
Structural and membrane NUPs - answer Located on the cytoplasmic and
nuclear side of the nuclear pore complex
Cytoplasmic Filaments - answer Extend into the cytosol, involved in
receptor-cargo import
Nuclear Basket - answer Located on nuclear side, involved in receptor-
cargo import and export
NLS - answer Nuclear localization signal. A specific AA sequence
recognized by nuclear receptor proteins and serves as a postal code,
directing the targeting of the protein from the cytosol to the nucleus
Importin-Alpha - answer Recognizes and binds to cargo proteins NLS
Importin-Beta - answer Interacts with components of the nuclear pore to
facilitate transport through it
Ran-GAP1 - answer Cytosolic protein that hydrolyzes Ran-GTP --> Ran-
GDP. It maintains low [Ran-GTP] in the cytosol
, RCC1 - answer Nuclear protein that promotes conversion of Ran-GDP -->
Ran-GTP. It maintains high [Ran-GTP] in the nucleus
NES - answer Nuclear export signal. Exportin binds cargo with NES signal
to translocate it out of the nucleus
NXF1/NXT1 - answer Proteins that mediate mRNA nuclear export
Dbp5 - answer RNA-helicase involved in mRNA nuclear export that
removes NXF1/NXT1
Biosynthetic Pathway - answer Materials transported from ER to Golgi, to
endosomes, to lysosomes or PM
Constitutive Secretion - answer A secretory pathway, continually
transport ER-derived materials from the Golgi to the PM and outside of the
cell (exocytosis)
Regulated Secretion - answer A secretory pathway, regulated secretion
Endocytic Pathway - answer Materials move into the cell from the PM and
transported to endosomes and to lysosomes
SRP - answer Signal recognition particle, recognizes signal sequence as it
emerges from ribosome and stops translation (co-translational
translocation)
SAS - answer Signal anchor sequence. Type 2 integral proteins do not
have a signal sequence and are translated until the SAS emerges and
bound by the SRP
Glycoprotein Core - answer 14 sugar branched oligosaccharide: 9
mannose, 3 terminal glucose, 2 N-acetylglucosamine
100% correct answers 2025
Nuclear Speckles - answer Where mRNA splicing occurs
Nucleolus - answer Ribosome biogenesis
FG NUPs - answer FG nucleoporins, fill the central channel
Structural and membrane NUPs - answer Located on the cytoplasmic and
nuclear side of the nuclear pore complex
Cytoplasmic Filaments - answer Extend into the cytosol, involved in
receptor-cargo import
Nuclear Basket - answer Located on nuclear side, involved in receptor-
cargo import and export
NLS - answer Nuclear localization signal. A specific AA sequence
recognized by nuclear receptor proteins and serves as a postal code,
directing the targeting of the protein from the cytosol to the nucleus
Importin-Alpha - answer Recognizes and binds to cargo proteins NLS
Importin-Beta - answer Interacts with components of the nuclear pore to
facilitate transport through it
Ran-GAP1 - answer Cytosolic protein that hydrolyzes Ran-GTP --> Ran-
GDP. It maintains low [Ran-GTP] in the cytosol
, RCC1 - answer Nuclear protein that promotes conversion of Ran-GDP -->
Ran-GTP. It maintains high [Ran-GTP] in the nucleus
NES - answer Nuclear export signal. Exportin binds cargo with NES signal
to translocate it out of the nucleus
NXF1/NXT1 - answer Proteins that mediate mRNA nuclear export
Dbp5 - answer RNA-helicase involved in mRNA nuclear export that
removes NXF1/NXT1
Biosynthetic Pathway - answer Materials transported from ER to Golgi, to
endosomes, to lysosomes or PM
Constitutive Secretion - answer A secretory pathway, continually
transport ER-derived materials from the Golgi to the PM and outside of the
cell (exocytosis)
Regulated Secretion - answer A secretory pathway, regulated secretion
Endocytic Pathway - answer Materials move into the cell from the PM and
transported to endosomes and to lysosomes
SRP - answer Signal recognition particle, recognizes signal sequence as it
emerges from ribosome and stops translation (co-translational
translocation)
SAS - answer Signal anchor sequence. Type 2 integral proteins do not
have a signal sequence and are translated until the SAS emerges and
bound by the SRP
Glycoprotein Core - answer 14 sugar branched oligosaccharide: 9
mannose, 3 terminal glucose, 2 N-acetylglucosamine
