TEXAS TEACHER CERTIFICATION TEST: ELA & READING
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS UPDATED 2024-2025.
Phonemes,,,ANS,-basic,units,of,sound
Semantics,,,ANS,-
The,way,meaning,is,generated,in,language,also,including,the,way,words,,phrases,,and,sentences,combine,
in,ways,that,make,sense.
How,meaning,is,conveyed,in,a,language,through,the,use,of,its,vocabulary
Syntax,,,ANS,-The,way,words,are,placed,,organized,,and,arranged,in,a,language
Language,Acquisition,is,made,of,3,main,components:,,,ANS,-
1.,innate,abilities,and,mechanism,of,the,learner
2.,exposure,to,the,speech,of,caretakers,and,parents
3.,the,interaction,of,children,in,their,immediate,linguistic,environment
Language,Acquisition,Device,(LAD),,,ANS,-
Something,all,humans,are,born,with,that,give,us,the,mechanisms,and,abilities,to,acquire,language.,This,is,
universal,and,adapts,to,the,languages,being,exposed,or,learned.,
Language,only,emerges,if,this,is,triggered,by,stimuli,from,people,in,the,child's,environment
6,Key,components,of,language:,,,ANS,-phonology,,morphology,,syntax,,lexicon,,pragmatics,,semantics
Phonology,,,ANS,-The,study,of,the,sound,system,of,language
Graphemes,,,ANS,-Individual,letters,that,represent,phonemes
Morphology,,,ANS,-Study,of,the,structure,of,words,and,word,formation
, Morphemes,,,ANS,-the,smallest,unit,of,meaning,in,a,language
Lexicon,,,ANS,-Refers,to,the,vocabulary,of,a,language
Ex:,the,word,"hot"
-meanings,can,be,temperature,,sexy,,fashionable,,lucky
-these,meanings,can,change,based,on,context,or,historical,framework
Pragmatics,,,ANS,-
How,context,can,affect,the,interpretation,of,communication.,The,hidden,rules,of,communication,underst
ood,by,native,speakers,of,the,same,language
Connotation,,,ANS,-The,implied,meaning,of,words,and,ideas
Denotation,,,ANS,-The,literal,of,words,and,ideas,(Dictionary,definition)
Babbling,or,Pre-Language,Stage,,,ANS,-0-6,months.,use,reflexive,crying,to,communicate.,Play,vocally
Holophrastic,or,One-Word,Stage,,,ANS,-11-
19,months.,Imitate,the,inflections,and,facial,expression,of,adults.,Can,recognize,their,name,and,follow,si
mple,instructions.,Understand,word,concepts.
Two-word,Stage,,,ANS,-13-
24,months.,Children,produce,rudimentary,phrases,characterized,by,a,combination,of,pivot,and,open,wor
ds.
Pivot,word,,,ANS,-Words,that,accomplish,multiple,functions,(no,,up,,all,,see,,more,,and,gone)
Open,word,,,ANS,-Word,that,refer,to,one,concept,(home,,milk,,doggy,,juice,,pants)
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS UPDATED 2024-2025.
Phonemes,,,ANS,-basic,units,of,sound
Semantics,,,ANS,-
The,way,meaning,is,generated,in,language,also,including,the,way,words,,phrases,,and,sentences,combine,
in,ways,that,make,sense.
How,meaning,is,conveyed,in,a,language,through,the,use,of,its,vocabulary
Syntax,,,ANS,-The,way,words,are,placed,,organized,,and,arranged,in,a,language
Language,Acquisition,is,made,of,3,main,components:,,,ANS,-
1.,innate,abilities,and,mechanism,of,the,learner
2.,exposure,to,the,speech,of,caretakers,and,parents
3.,the,interaction,of,children,in,their,immediate,linguistic,environment
Language,Acquisition,Device,(LAD),,,ANS,-
Something,all,humans,are,born,with,that,give,us,the,mechanisms,and,abilities,to,acquire,language.,This,is,
universal,and,adapts,to,the,languages,being,exposed,or,learned.,
Language,only,emerges,if,this,is,triggered,by,stimuli,from,people,in,the,child's,environment
6,Key,components,of,language:,,,ANS,-phonology,,morphology,,syntax,,lexicon,,pragmatics,,semantics
Phonology,,,ANS,-The,study,of,the,sound,system,of,language
Graphemes,,,ANS,-Individual,letters,that,represent,phonemes
Morphology,,,ANS,-Study,of,the,structure,of,words,and,word,formation
, Morphemes,,,ANS,-the,smallest,unit,of,meaning,in,a,language
Lexicon,,,ANS,-Refers,to,the,vocabulary,of,a,language
Ex:,the,word,"hot"
-meanings,can,be,temperature,,sexy,,fashionable,,lucky
-these,meanings,can,change,based,on,context,or,historical,framework
Pragmatics,,,ANS,-
How,context,can,affect,the,interpretation,of,communication.,The,hidden,rules,of,communication,underst
ood,by,native,speakers,of,the,same,language
Connotation,,,ANS,-The,implied,meaning,of,words,and,ideas
Denotation,,,ANS,-The,literal,of,words,and,ideas,(Dictionary,definition)
Babbling,or,Pre-Language,Stage,,,ANS,-0-6,months.,use,reflexive,crying,to,communicate.,Play,vocally
Holophrastic,or,One-Word,Stage,,,ANS,-11-
19,months.,Imitate,the,inflections,and,facial,expression,of,adults.,Can,recognize,their,name,and,follow,si
mple,instructions.,Understand,word,concepts.
Two-word,Stage,,,ANS,-13-
24,months.,Children,produce,rudimentary,phrases,characterized,by,a,combination,of,pivot,and,open,wor
ds.
Pivot,word,,,ANS,-Words,that,accomplish,multiple,functions,(no,,up,,all,,see,,more,,and,gone)
Open,word,,,ANS,-Word,that,refer,to,one,concept,(home,,milk,,doggy,,juice,,pants)
