KIN 4513--Exam 1 questions with
complete solutions
How big is the sport industry? - correct answer ✔✔- Howard and Compton: $500 billion
- SBJ: $250 billion in US
- Plunkett global size: $1.5 trillion
- Plunkett US size: $485 billion
Milano and Chilladurai Sports Industry - correct answer ✔✔- Conservative: $168.469 billion
- Moderate: $189.338 billion
- Liberal: $207.503 billion
What is the estimated size of the sport fan population? - correct answer ✔✔- 200 million
What are the reasons for the increase in sport popularity? - correct answer ✔✔1. Economic
2. Societal
3. Technological
4. Motives
Societal - correct answer ✔✔- Recreation on Sunday instead of church
- Blue law (church on Sunday)
- 1940's—WW2 rallied American sport and nationalism, population increase, "Service Man Readjustment
Act" GI Act, soldiers coming home and going to school, more athletic sports
- 1970's—Title Xl Women can participate, women's athletics, women interested in sports
Technological - correct answer ✔✔- Railroads, television (40s and 50s) created remote sectors, radio,
newspaper
- Allows people to follow the action, emotional
,Motives - correct answer ✔✔- Internal/external
- Live and remote viewers
- Innate or learned (socialized v. internal)
- Rewards (enjoyment of the activity itself or the satisfaction engendered by it)
What are the motivations for attending events? - correct answer ✔✔- Achievement (intrinsic),
acquisition of knowledge, aesthetics, social interaction, drama/eustress, physical attractiveness of
participation, family, escape
What are the motivations for event participation? - correct answer ✔✔- Social or group orientation,
health, cause, historic, individualistic opportunity
What does special event mean? - correct answer ✔✔- "That which is different from a normal day of
living" (1955)
- "A unique moment in time celebrated with ceremony and ritual to satisfy special needs" (1997) (local,
regional, national, global)
- "Hallmark/mega event which may include festivals, cultural, and sporting events (1992) (seasonal,
annual, traditional, linear v. circular time)
What are the subfields of management? - correct answer ✔✔- Civic events, expositions, fairs/festivals,
hallmark events, hospitality, meetings/conferences, retail events, social events, sport events, tourism,
mega events
What are some event management professions/job opportunities? - correct answer ✔✔- Public
assembly, sport/athletics, multi-task/host, celebration, education, marketing, reunion
What are the characteristics of event/facility management? - correct answer ✔✔- Staffing issues are
unique (part-time v. full-time, contract, volunteer labor, specialists), concessions/catering, physical
structures change (historically, venue itself for event), change in atmosphere/conditions/ expectations
What are the principles to event and facility management? - correct answer ✔✔1. Management is
management
, 2. Proactive not reactive
3. Murphy's Law (anything that can do wrong will) (backup plan)
4. Organization (culture, philosophy)
5. Evaluations (summative--after, informative--during)
6. Customer service (caring about people)
7. Equifinality (many ways to succeed)
8. Communication (booking, scheduling, other departments)
9. Safety (risk management)
10. Appreciation (major, class)
What are the four waves of facility construction that created the 8 stage ideal-type? - correct answer
✔✔- Pre. 1903: Temporary Era (stages 1-4)
- 1903 to 1952: "Jewel Box Era" (stages 5-6)
- 1953 to 1991: "Cookie Cutter Era" (stage 7)
- 1992 to present: Modern Era (stage 8)
STAGE 1—Temporary - correct answer ✔✔- No standardized rules, unlimited territory (lots of room to
build), cannot distinguish participants from spectators, lack of organization or preparation for contests
signifies stage one sport facilities are undeveloped products of immature activities and their participant's
skill levels
- "Calvin Ball"
STAGE 2—Temporary - correct answer ✔✔- Growing consciousness regarding space as limited or
restricted for specific activities during specific times of the day (Territoriality, Competition area)
- Each sport matured enough so men were not afraid to play them openly in public anymore.
- Temporary and random nature of their equipment and fellowship prevents regular play (Massachusetts
and New York versions of baseball, Harvard version of football)
STAGE 3—Temporary and first enclosure - correct answer ✔✔- Initial enclosure attempts occurred to
regulate and control crowds wanting to watch professional sport
- Industrialization creates concept space needs to pay for itself.
complete solutions
How big is the sport industry? - correct answer ✔✔- Howard and Compton: $500 billion
- SBJ: $250 billion in US
- Plunkett global size: $1.5 trillion
- Plunkett US size: $485 billion
Milano and Chilladurai Sports Industry - correct answer ✔✔- Conservative: $168.469 billion
- Moderate: $189.338 billion
- Liberal: $207.503 billion
What is the estimated size of the sport fan population? - correct answer ✔✔- 200 million
What are the reasons for the increase in sport popularity? - correct answer ✔✔1. Economic
2. Societal
3. Technological
4. Motives
Societal - correct answer ✔✔- Recreation on Sunday instead of church
- Blue law (church on Sunday)
- 1940's—WW2 rallied American sport and nationalism, population increase, "Service Man Readjustment
Act" GI Act, soldiers coming home and going to school, more athletic sports
- 1970's—Title Xl Women can participate, women's athletics, women interested in sports
Technological - correct answer ✔✔- Railroads, television (40s and 50s) created remote sectors, radio,
newspaper
- Allows people to follow the action, emotional
,Motives - correct answer ✔✔- Internal/external
- Live and remote viewers
- Innate or learned (socialized v. internal)
- Rewards (enjoyment of the activity itself or the satisfaction engendered by it)
What are the motivations for attending events? - correct answer ✔✔- Achievement (intrinsic),
acquisition of knowledge, aesthetics, social interaction, drama/eustress, physical attractiveness of
participation, family, escape
What are the motivations for event participation? - correct answer ✔✔- Social or group orientation,
health, cause, historic, individualistic opportunity
What does special event mean? - correct answer ✔✔- "That which is different from a normal day of
living" (1955)
- "A unique moment in time celebrated with ceremony and ritual to satisfy special needs" (1997) (local,
regional, national, global)
- "Hallmark/mega event which may include festivals, cultural, and sporting events (1992) (seasonal,
annual, traditional, linear v. circular time)
What are the subfields of management? - correct answer ✔✔- Civic events, expositions, fairs/festivals,
hallmark events, hospitality, meetings/conferences, retail events, social events, sport events, tourism,
mega events
What are some event management professions/job opportunities? - correct answer ✔✔- Public
assembly, sport/athletics, multi-task/host, celebration, education, marketing, reunion
What are the characteristics of event/facility management? - correct answer ✔✔- Staffing issues are
unique (part-time v. full-time, contract, volunteer labor, specialists), concessions/catering, physical
structures change (historically, venue itself for event), change in atmosphere/conditions/ expectations
What are the principles to event and facility management? - correct answer ✔✔1. Management is
management
, 2. Proactive not reactive
3. Murphy's Law (anything that can do wrong will) (backup plan)
4. Organization (culture, philosophy)
5. Evaluations (summative--after, informative--during)
6. Customer service (caring about people)
7. Equifinality (many ways to succeed)
8. Communication (booking, scheduling, other departments)
9. Safety (risk management)
10. Appreciation (major, class)
What are the four waves of facility construction that created the 8 stage ideal-type? - correct answer
✔✔- Pre. 1903: Temporary Era (stages 1-4)
- 1903 to 1952: "Jewel Box Era" (stages 5-6)
- 1953 to 1991: "Cookie Cutter Era" (stage 7)
- 1992 to present: Modern Era (stage 8)
STAGE 1—Temporary - correct answer ✔✔- No standardized rules, unlimited territory (lots of room to
build), cannot distinguish participants from spectators, lack of organization or preparation for contests
signifies stage one sport facilities are undeveloped products of immature activities and their participant's
skill levels
- "Calvin Ball"
STAGE 2—Temporary - correct answer ✔✔- Growing consciousness regarding space as limited or
restricted for specific activities during specific times of the day (Territoriality, Competition area)
- Each sport matured enough so men were not afraid to play them openly in public anymore.
- Temporary and random nature of their equipment and fellowship prevents regular play (Massachusetts
and New York versions of baseball, Harvard version of football)
STAGE 3—Temporary and first enclosure - correct answer ✔✔- Initial enclosure attempts occurred to
regulate and control crowds wanting to watch professional sport
- Industrialization creates concept space needs to pay for itself.
