PSY 3000 plain exam
Sir Francis Galton was an early pioneer in the study of twins. When he studied twin
pairs, he asked them to identify other twins who might want to participate in his
research. This technique is called __________. - ANSWERSsnowball sampling
According to researchers, how much of the variation in personality traits among people
is likely due to genetics? - ANSWERS50%
Growing up in the same household with the same parents has __________. -
ANSWERSvirtually no influence on a person's degree of extraversion
Cali and Cari are identical twins. Their parents want to make sure they have a chance
to develop their own individual personalities, so they enroll Cali in soccer and Cari in
dance. This is a reflection of the twins' __________. - ANSWERSnon shared
environment
Why would a shared environment have such little effect on personality development? -
ANSWERSA shared environment doesn't mean shared experiences or shared reactions
to those experiences; what one sibling perceives as "harsh parenting" could be
perceived as "typical" by another.
Jukka does not like to plan but loves to take risks. He is always seeking new
experiences that heighten his senses. Jukka is likely high in __________. -
ANSWERSimpulsivity
Which of these scenarios is an example of a gene-environment interaction? -
ANSWERSDino, who is extraverted, attends every party to which he is invited.
What does the study of epigenetics reveal about the contributions of genetics and the
environment to personality development? - ANSWERSGenetics and the environment
are interactive forces that mutually influence an individual.
Francesca has red hair, freckles, and blue eyes. These observable characteristics are
part of her __________. - ANSWERSphenotype
Who is likely to salivate the most in response to the "lemon juice test"? -
ANSWERSHorace, who is very introverted
Laurel has sustained damage to the frontal lobes of her brain. She is most apt to
experience __________. - ANSWERSimpaired self control
Armando has low levels of conscientiousness and high levels of impulsivity, as
measured by a reliable and valid personality questionnaire. Which area of Armando's
, brain is likely to show greater activity when he acts impulsively? - ANSWERSventral
striatum
The brains of people high in neuroticism show strong responses in a brain area
associated with __________. - ANSWERSdiscrepancy detection
Martino is a morning person who enjoys getting up when the sun rises and preparing
for his day. Martino is probably __________. - ANSWERShigh in conscientousness
Evolutionary psychologists argue that people will act in ways that __________. -
ANSWERSmaximize their chances of survival and reproduction
From an evolutionary perspective, which trait would be considered a universal one
common to all humans? - ANSWERSthe need to belong
Which term describes a cultural system that values the needs of the group over the
needs of the individual? - ANSWERScollectivism
A person's body, clothes, and possessions are part of that person's __________ self. -
ANSWERSmaterial
The extent to which a person feels aligned with her or his true self in daily life is called
__________. - ANSWERSauthenticity
Johanna is normally quite casual with her friends and family but acts in a very formal
manner when at the ladies' luncheon. This is because she observes the other women
behaving in a similar way and wants her own behavior to fit in. Johanna is engaging in
__________. - ANSWERSself monitoring
Alphonso sees the world in terms of individual rights and freedoms and scoffs at the
notion that people should be cooperative, interdependent, and harmonious in the social
roles they adopt. What cultural background is Alphonso likely to have? -
ANSWERSAlphonso is likely to be a member of an individualistic culture.
Why is the self-schema a cognitive representation of the self? - ANSWERSThere is no
actual "self" that can be objectively identified or isolated within a person; rather, the self
can be conceptualized as a collection of thoughts, knowledge, and evaluations.
What are the four components that relate to authenticity of the self? -
ANSWERSawareness, unbiased processing, behavior, authentic relationships
Even though Linda has finished her degree in radiography, she feels like a fraud when
she enters the emergency room at the hospital where she works. Linda is experiencing
__________. - ANSWERSthe imposter phenomenon
Sir Francis Galton was an early pioneer in the study of twins. When he studied twin
pairs, he asked them to identify other twins who might want to participate in his
research. This technique is called __________. - ANSWERSsnowball sampling
According to researchers, how much of the variation in personality traits among people
is likely due to genetics? - ANSWERS50%
Growing up in the same household with the same parents has __________. -
ANSWERSvirtually no influence on a person's degree of extraversion
Cali and Cari are identical twins. Their parents want to make sure they have a chance
to develop their own individual personalities, so they enroll Cali in soccer and Cari in
dance. This is a reflection of the twins' __________. - ANSWERSnon shared
environment
Why would a shared environment have such little effect on personality development? -
ANSWERSA shared environment doesn't mean shared experiences or shared reactions
to those experiences; what one sibling perceives as "harsh parenting" could be
perceived as "typical" by another.
Jukka does not like to plan but loves to take risks. He is always seeking new
experiences that heighten his senses. Jukka is likely high in __________. -
ANSWERSimpulsivity
Which of these scenarios is an example of a gene-environment interaction? -
ANSWERSDino, who is extraverted, attends every party to which he is invited.
What does the study of epigenetics reveal about the contributions of genetics and the
environment to personality development? - ANSWERSGenetics and the environment
are interactive forces that mutually influence an individual.
Francesca has red hair, freckles, and blue eyes. These observable characteristics are
part of her __________. - ANSWERSphenotype
Who is likely to salivate the most in response to the "lemon juice test"? -
ANSWERSHorace, who is very introverted
Laurel has sustained damage to the frontal lobes of her brain. She is most apt to
experience __________. - ANSWERSimpaired self control
Armando has low levels of conscientiousness and high levels of impulsivity, as
measured by a reliable and valid personality questionnaire. Which area of Armando's
, brain is likely to show greater activity when he acts impulsively? - ANSWERSventral
striatum
The brains of people high in neuroticism show strong responses in a brain area
associated with __________. - ANSWERSdiscrepancy detection
Martino is a morning person who enjoys getting up when the sun rises and preparing
for his day. Martino is probably __________. - ANSWERShigh in conscientousness
Evolutionary psychologists argue that people will act in ways that __________. -
ANSWERSmaximize their chances of survival and reproduction
From an evolutionary perspective, which trait would be considered a universal one
common to all humans? - ANSWERSthe need to belong
Which term describes a cultural system that values the needs of the group over the
needs of the individual? - ANSWERScollectivism
A person's body, clothes, and possessions are part of that person's __________ self. -
ANSWERSmaterial
The extent to which a person feels aligned with her or his true self in daily life is called
__________. - ANSWERSauthenticity
Johanna is normally quite casual with her friends and family but acts in a very formal
manner when at the ladies' luncheon. This is because she observes the other women
behaving in a similar way and wants her own behavior to fit in. Johanna is engaging in
__________. - ANSWERSself monitoring
Alphonso sees the world in terms of individual rights and freedoms and scoffs at the
notion that people should be cooperative, interdependent, and harmonious in the social
roles they adopt. What cultural background is Alphonso likely to have? -
ANSWERSAlphonso is likely to be a member of an individualistic culture.
Why is the self-schema a cognitive representation of the self? - ANSWERSThere is no
actual "self" that can be objectively identified or isolated within a person; rather, the self
can be conceptualized as a collection of thoughts, knowledge, and evaluations.
What are the four components that relate to authenticity of the self? -
ANSWERSawareness, unbiased processing, behavior, authentic relationships
Even though Linda has finished her degree in radiography, she feels like a fraud when
she enters the emergency room at the hospital where she works. Linda is experiencing
__________. - ANSWERSthe imposter phenomenon
