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FPCC EXAM 2 Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest
Update
never events
✓ preventable errors, which may include falls, urinary tract infections from improper
use of catheters, and pressure ulcers
Standardized tools
✓ -outcomes
✓ -limited range of answers
✓ -have gone through validity and reliability
Hypovalemia
✓ low blood volume. Blood loss can result from external injuries, internal bleeding, or
certain obstetric emergencies.
Dehydration
✓ A serious reduction in the body's water content
orthostatic hypotension
✓ Decrease in blood pressure related to positional or postural changes from lying to
sitting or standing positions
Normal sodium levels
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✓ 135-145 mEq/L
normal potassium levels
✓ 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Normal magnesium levels
✓ 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
normal phosphate levels
✓ 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Primary fluid compartments
✓ intracellular and extracellular, intravascular, interstitial
intracellular fluid
✓ fluid within cells
extracellular fluid
✓ fluid outside the cell
interstitial fluid
✓ fluid in the spaces between cells
intravascular fluid
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✓ fluid within blood vessels
transcellular fluid
✓ Transcellular fluid is fluid separated from other fluids by a cellular barrier and
consists of cerebrospinal, pleural, gastrointestinal, intraocular, peritoneal, and
synovial fluids (Elgart, 2004). Loss of transcellular fluid can produce fluid and
electrolyte disturbance.
Third-Spacing of Fluid
✓ Fluid shifts out of the blood into a body cavity or tissue and can no longer reenter
vascular compartment
Isotonic
✓ when the concentration of two solutions is the same
Sensible fluid loss
✓ body fluid loss that is noticeable, such as through urine output and sweating
insensible fluid loss
✓ is the amount of body fluid lost daily that is not easily measured, from the
respiratory system, skin, and water in the excreted stool.
Hormones
✓ the principal regulators of fluid and electrolyte balance
Hypovalemia
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✓ low blood volume
Excess fluid volume
✓ increased isotonic fluid retention
edema
✓ puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid
causes Hypervolemia
✓ Heart failure
✓ Kidney disease
✓ Cirrhosis
✓ Overdose of sodium concentrated fluids
✓ Fluid shifts in burns
✓ Prolonged use of corticosteroids
✓ Severe stress
✓ Hyperaldosteronism
Hypervolemia
✓ fluid volume excess
signs of hypervolemia
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FPCC EXAM 2 Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest
Update
never events
✓ preventable errors, which may include falls, urinary tract infections from improper
use of catheters, and pressure ulcers
Standardized tools
✓ -outcomes
✓ -limited range of answers
✓ -have gone through validity and reliability
Hypovalemia
✓ low blood volume. Blood loss can result from external injuries, internal bleeding, or
certain obstetric emergencies.
Dehydration
✓ A serious reduction in the body's water content
orthostatic hypotension
✓ Decrease in blood pressure related to positional or postural changes from lying to
sitting or standing positions
Normal sodium levels
Examify | Smart Grades | Latest update
,#Examify | #OnlineExams | #TestPrep | #StudyResources | #AcademicSuccess |
#ExamPreparation | #QuizTime | #LearningTools | #Education | #StudentSupport
✓ 135-145 mEq/L
normal potassium levels
✓ 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Normal magnesium levels
✓ 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
normal phosphate levels
✓ 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Primary fluid compartments
✓ intracellular and extracellular, intravascular, interstitial
intracellular fluid
✓ fluid within cells
extracellular fluid
✓ fluid outside the cell
interstitial fluid
✓ fluid in the spaces between cells
intravascular fluid
Examify | Smart Grades | Latest update
,#Examify | #OnlineExams | #TestPrep | #StudyResources | #AcademicSuccess |
#ExamPreparation | #QuizTime | #LearningTools | #Education | #StudentSupport
✓ fluid within blood vessels
transcellular fluid
✓ Transcellular fluid is fluid separated from other fluids by a cellular barrier and
consists of cerebrospinal, pleural, gastrointestinal, intraocular, peritoneal, and
synovial fluids (Elgart, 2004). Loss of transcellular fluid can produce fluid and
electrolyte disturbance.
Third-Spacing of Fluid
✓ Fluid shifts out of the blood into a body cavity or tissue and can no longer reenter
vascular compartment
Isotonic
✓ when the concentration of two solutions is the same
Sensible fluid loss
✓ body fluid loss that is noticeable, such as through urine output and sweating
insensible fluid loss
✓ is the amount of body fluid lost daily that is not easily measured, from the
respiratory system, skin, and water in the excreted stool.
Hormones
✓ the principal regulators of fluid and electrolyte balance
Hypovalemia
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✓ low blood volume
Excess fluid volume
✓ increased isotonic fluid retention
edema
✓ puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid
causes Hypervolemia
✓ Heart failure
✓ Kidney disease
✓ Cirrhosis
✓ Overdose of sodium concentrated fluids
✓ Fluid shifts in burns
✓ Prolonged use of corticosteroids
✓ Severe stress
✓ Hyperaldosteronism
Hypervolemia
✓ fluid volume excess
signs of hypervolemia
Examify | Smart Grades | Latest update
