AANP - Walden (Pediatrics)
Kolpik spots are - Answer-are a prodromic viral exanthem of measles manifesting two to three days
before the measles rash itself. They are characterized as clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa
(opposite the lower 1st & 2nd molars) and are pathognomonic for measles/rubeola.
Encopresis Treatment - Answer-repetitive soiling of stool of child 4 years old or greater
Behavior management: toilet refusal behavior, scheduled toileting time, incentives.
Prevention of constipation
Counseling
Satellite lesions - Answer-Usually occurs w/ yeast infection; fungal infection; main lesion sends out
"spores" to start a new lesion elsewhere
The term is commonly used to describe a portion of the rash of cutaneous candidiasis in which a beefy
red plaque may be found surrounded by
numerous, smaller red macules located adjacent to the body of the main lesions.
,Hirschsprung disease - Answer-A condition of the large intestine (colon) that causes difficulty passing
stool.in first 48 hours of life, meconium
Bronchiolitis - Answer-Infection of the bronchioles (smaller air-tubes in the lungs)
Bronchiolitis is almost always caused by a virus, no abx, treat with antipyretic
Pneumonia treatment - Answer-antibiotics: penicillin
Atypical pneumonia treatment - Answer-macrolides or tetracyclines
azithromycin
Diarrhea in children - Answer-common cause is Rotavirus
Treat Lyme disease in , <8 years children with - Answer-TX: azithromycin, clarithromycin, ceftriaxone
Anterior fontanels close at - Answer-close at 9-18 months
Posterior fontanels close at - Answer-3 months
Breast fed infants require ___________ supplement for the first few days of life. - Answer-require
vitamin D supplement
Breast milk consists of: - Answer-consists of 20kcal/30ml, Lactose
, Fragile X disorder is: - Answer-long narrow face prominent forehead/chin, large ears, intellectual
disability, autistic disorder
Failure to Thrive (FTT) - Answer-physical and developmental retardation of infants or children resulting
from physical or emotional neglect
weight that falls below 3r to 5th percentile, causes diarrhea, dietary intake, malabsorption, (celiac
disease, cystic fibrosis, food allergy) poor maternal bonding, frequent infections
Down syndrome: cause & characteristics - Answer-genetic defect trisomy of chromosome 21,
most common chromosomal disorder
avg life span 60
round face appears flat, upward slanting eyes, low set ears, chronic open mouth caused by enlarged
tongue, short neck, broad hands, newborns have hypotonia and poor Moro reflex, high risk of congenita
heart defects, hearing loss, visual problems, cataracts, sleep apnea, early onset of Alzheimer's, educate
parents about high risk sports and avoid trampoline
Fetal alcohol syndrome characteristics - Answer-*One of the most severe effects of drinking during
pregnancy is fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).
*Characterized by abnormal facial features, growth deficiencies, and central nervous system (CNS)
problems.
small head with narrow eyes flat nasal bridge, thin upper lip, ears are underdeveloped, mild to severe
mental retardation, not obvious till adolescence, alcohol is prohibited during pregnancy affects CNS,
somatic growth and facial structure
Cryptorchidism: define & treatment - Answer-a testicle that has not moved into the bag of skin below
the penis before birth, maybe one or two,
Kolpik spots are - Answer-are a prodromic viral exanthem of measles manifesting two to three days
before the measles rash itself. They are characterized as clustered, white lesions on the buccal mucosa
(opposite the lower 1st & 2nd molars) and are pathognomonic for measles/rubeola.
Encopresis Treatment - Answer-repetitive soiling of stool of child 4 years old or greater
Behavior management: toilet refusal behavior, scheduled toileting time, incentives.
Prevention of constipation
Counseling
Satellite lesions - Answer-Usually occurs w/ yeast infection; fungal infection; main lesion sends out
"spores" to start a new lesion elsewhere
The term is commonly used to describe a portion of the rash of cutaneous candidiasis in which a beefy
red plaque may be found surrounded by
numerous, smaller red macules located adjacent to the body of the main lesions.
,Hirschsprung disease - Answer-A condition of the large intestine (colon) that causes difficulty passing
stool.in first 48 hours of life, meconium
Bronchiolitis - Answer-Infection of the bronchioles (smaller air-tubes in the lungs)
Bronchiolitis is almost always caused by a virus, no abx, treat with antipyretic
Pneumonia treatment - Answer-antibiotics: penicillin
Atypical pneumonia treatment - Answer-macrolides or tetracyclines
azithromycin
Diarrhea in children - Answer-common cause is Rotavirus
Treat Lyme disease in , <8 years children with - Answer-TX: azithromycin, clarithromycin, ceftriaxone
Anterior fontanels close at - Answer-close at 9-18 months
Posterior fontanels close at - Answer-3 months
Breast fed infants require ___________ supplement for the first few days of life. - Answer-require
vitamin D supplement
Breast milk consists of: - Answer-consists of 20kcal/30ml, Lactose
, Fragile X disorder is: - Answer-long narrow face prominent forehead/chin, large ears, intellectual
disability, autistic disorder
Failure to Thrive (FTT) - Answer-physical and developmental retardation of infants or children resulting
from physical or emotional neglect
weight that falls below 3r to 5th percentile, causes diarrhea, dietary intake, malabsorption, (celiac
disease, cystic fibrosis, food allergy) poor maternal bonding, frequent infections
Down syndrome: cause & characteristics - Answer-genetic defect trisomy of chromosome 21,
most common chromosomal disorder
avg life span 60
round face appears flat, upward slanting eyes, low set ears, chronic open mouth caused by enlarged
tongue, short neck, broad hands, newborns have hypotonia and poor Moro reflex, high risk of congenita
heart defects, hearing loss, visual problems, cataracts, sleep apnea, early onset of Alzheimer's, educate
parents about high risk sports and avoid trampoline
Fetal alcohol syndrome characteristics - Answer-*One of the most severe effects of drinking during
pregnancy is fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS).
*Characterized by abnormal facial features, growth deficiencies, and central nervous system (CNS)
problems.
small head with narrow eyes flat nasal bridge, thin upper lip, ears are underdeveloped, mild to severe
mental retardation, not obvious till adolescence, alcohol is prohibited during pregnancy affects CNS,
somatic growth and facial structure
Cryptorchidism: define & treatment - Answer-a testicle that has not moved into the bag of skin below
the penis before birth, maybe one or two,
