Maryville NURS 611 Exam 4 questions with correct
answers
How much of the cardiac output do the kidneys require? Correct
Answer-20-25%
What causes the umbilical referred pain with kidney stones? Correct
Answer-sensory innervation of the upper part of the ureter arising from
the 10th thoracic nerve root.
What are the clinical manifestations of a UTI in older adults? Correct
Answer-confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort
(symptoms are vague).
What is pyelonephritis? Correct Answer-it is an infection of one or both
upper urinary tracts(ureter, renal pelvis, and kidney interstitium).
What are the underlying risk factors for the development of
pyelonephritis? Correct Answer-urinary obstruction and reflux of urine
from the bladder (vesicoureteral reflux).
What microorganisms are associated with acute pyelonephritis? Correct
Answer-e. coli, proteus, or pseudomonas.
What do the microorganisms that cause pyelonephritis do to increase the
risk of stone formation? Correct Answer-the microorganisms split urea
into ammonia, making alkaline urine that increases the risk.
, Define painful bladder syndrome (interstitial cystitis). Correct Answer-it
is a condition that includes nonbacterial infectious cystitis and
noninfectious cystitis.
It is possible that noninfectious cystitis is caused by an autoimmune
response. What happens during an autoimmune reaction? Correct
Answer-it may be responsible for inflammatory response, which
includes mast cell activation, altered epithelial permeability,
neuroinflammation, and increased sensory nerve stimulation.
How is a diagnosis of IC differentiated from a diagnosis of
pyelonephritis? Correct Answer-urine culture, urinalysis, and clinical
signs and symptoms. White blood cell casts indicate pyelonephritis, but
they are not always present in the urine.
What lab values point to a reduced GFR? Correct Answer-elevated
plasma urea, creatinine concentration, or reduced renal creatinine
clearance.
What is acute glomerulonephritis? Correct Answer-it is a term that
includes renal diseases that cause glomerular inflammation through
immune mechanisms.
What happens to the GFR during an inflammatory response? Correct
Answer-the glomerular capillary filtration membrane including the
endothelium, basement membrane, and epithelium (podocytes) are
damaged by inflammation causing immune mechanisms.
answers
How much of the cardiac output do the kidneys require? Correct
Answer-20-25%
What causes the umbilical referred pain with kidney stones? Correct
Answer-sensory innervation of the upper part of the ureter arising from
the 10th thoracic nerve root.
What are the clinical manifestations of a UTI in older adults? Correct
Answer-confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort
(symptoms are vague).
What is pyelonephritis? Correct Answer-it is an infection of one or both
upper urinary tracts(ureter, renal pelvis, and kidney interstitium).
What are the underlying risk factors for the development of
pyelonephritis? Correct Answer-urinary obstruction and reflux of urine
from the bladder (vesicoureteral reflux).
What microorganisms are associated with acute pyelonephritis? Correct
Answer-e. coli, proteus, or pseudomonas.
What do the microorganisms that cause pyelonephritis do to increase the
risk of stone formation? Correct Answer-the microorganisms split urea
into ammonia, making alkaline urine that increases the risk.
, Define painful bladder syndrome (interstitial cystitis). Correct Answer-it
is a condition that includes nonbacterial infectious cystitis and
noninfectious cystitis.
It is possible that noninfectious cystitis is caused by an autoimmune
response. What happens during an autoimmune reaction? Correct
Answer-it may be responsible for inflammatory response, which
includes mast cell activation, altered epithelial permeability,
neuroinflammation, and increased sensory nerve stimulation.
How is a diagnosis of IC differentiated from a diagnosis of
pyelonephritis? Correct Answer-urine culture, urinalysis, and clinical
signs and symptoms. White blood cell casts indicate pyelonephritis, but
they are not always present in the urine.
What lab values point to a reduced GFR? Correct Answer-elevated
plasma urea, creatinine concentration, or reduced renal creatinine
clearance.
What is acute glomerulonephritis? Correct Answer-it is a term that
includes renal diseases that cause glomerular inflammation through
immune mechanisms.
What happens to the GFR during an inflammatory response? Correct
Answer-the glomerular capillary filtration membrane including the
endothelium, basement membrane, and epithelium (podocytes) are
damaged by inflammation causing immune mechanisms.
