PHC 4320 Final Exam(questions well
answered)
Why is pesticides program in environmental health? - correct answer ✔✔-Implicated as human health
hazards
-Ex: in the etiology of cancer and adverse birth outcomes.
-Exposure through dissemination of chemicals into the environment (bioaccumulation)
Aromatic Compound - correct answer ✔✔Organic molecule that contains a benzene ring.
Ex: benzene and toluene (both are chemical solvents)
Hydrocarbon - correct answer ✔✔Organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen.
Ex: acetylene, benzene, and butane. Often occur in petroleum, natural gas, coal, and bitumens.
Organic Chemical - correct answer ✔✔Naturally occurring (animal or plant produced or synthetic)
substances containing mainly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Ex: table sugar.
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) - correct answer ✔✔-Toxic chemicals that adversely affect human
health and the environment around the world. Can be transported by wind and water. Most affect
people and wildlife far from where they are used and released. Example POP: the pesticide DDT
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - correct answer ✔✔Group of over 100 different chemicals are
formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil and gas, garbage, or other organic substances like
tobacco or charbroiled meat.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - correct answer ✔✔Organic compounds that evaporate readily into
the air.
Ex: benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, and methyl chloroform
, Pesticide - correct answer ✔✔Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating pests. Pests can be insects, rodents, weeds, and a host of other
unwanted organisms.
Insecticide - correct answer ✔✔Compound specifically used to kill or prevent the growth of insects.
Herbicide - correct answer ✔✔Chemical pesticide designed to control or destroy plants, weeds, or
grasses.
Fungicide - correct answer ✔✔Pesticide that is used to control fungi.
Nematocide - correct answer ✔✔Chemical agent that is destructive to nematodes.
Rodenticide - correct answer ✔✔Agent used to destroy rats and other rodent pests or to prevent them
from damaging food, crops, etc.
Four Major Classes of pesticides and insecticides derived from organic chemicals. - correct answer
✔✔Organophosphates
Organocarbamates
Organochlorides
Pyrethroids
Organophosphate pesticides (Anticholinesterases) - correct answer ✔✔-Inexpensive in comparison to
alternatives
-Can be used to control a wide range of insects. Eliminates need to use multiple pesticides.
-Have not been weakened by the resistance of insects.
-Tend not to persist in the environment
-Are frequent cause of fatal poisonings
Effects of Organophosphate Poisoning - correct answer ✔✔-Acute effects: Anticholinesterase activity.
Causes impairment of the neural impulse transfer mechanism. Inhibits break down of enzyme which
causes muscles to overstimulate. increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea, vomiting.
answered)
Why is pesticides program in environmental health? - correct answer ✔✔-Implicated as human health
hazards
-Ex: in the etiology of cancer and adverse birth outcomes.
-Exposure through dissemination of chemicals into the environment (bioaccumulation)
Aromatic Compound - correct answer ✔✔Organic molecule that contains a benzene ring.
Ex: benzene and toluene (both are chemical solvents)
Hydrocarbon - correct answer ✔✔Organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen.
Ex: acetylene, benzene, and butane. Often occur in petroleum, natural gas, coal, and bitumens.
Organic Chemical - correct answer ✔✔Naturally occurring (animal or plant produced or synthetic)
substances containing mainly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Ex: table sugar.
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) - correct answer ✔✔-Toxic chemicals that adversely affect human
health and the environment around the world. Can be transported by wind and water. Most affect
people and wildlife far from where they are used and released. Example POP: the pesticide DDT
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - correct answer ✔✔Group of over 100 different chemicals are
formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil and gas, garbage, or other organic substances like
tobacco or charbroiled meat.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - correct answer ✔✔Organic compounds that evaporate readily into
the air.
Ex: benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, and methyl chloroform
, Pesticide - correct answer ✔✔Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, repelling, or mitigating pests. Pests can be insects, rodents, weeds, and a host of other
unwanted organisms.
Insecticide - correct answer ✔✔Compound specifically used to kill or prevent the growth of insects.
Herbicide - correct answer ✔✔Chemical pesticide designed to control or destroy plants, weeds, or
grasses.
Fungicide - correct answer ✔✔Pesticide that is used to control fungi.
Nematocide - correct answer ✔✔Chemical agent that is destructive to nematodes.
Rodenticide - correct answer ✔✔Agent used to destroy rats and other rodent pests or to prevent them
from damaging food, crops, etc.
Four Major Classes of pesticides and insecticides derived from organic chemicals. - correct answer
✔✔Organophosphates
Organocarbamates
Organochlorides
Pyrethroids
Organophosphate pesticides (Anticholinesterases) - correct answer ✔✔-Inexpensive in comparison to
alternatives
-Can be used to control a wide range of insects. Eliminates need to use multiple pesticides.
-Have not been weakened by the resistance of insects.
-Tend not to persist in the environment
-Are frequent cause of fatal poisonings
Effects of Organophosphate Poisoning - correct answer ✔✔-Acute effects: Anticholinesterase activity.
Causes impairment of the neural impulse transfer mechanism. Inhibits break down of enzyme which
causes muscles to overstimulate. increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea, vomiting.
