PHC 6001: Final Exam questions with
verified solutions/passed
Which of the following statements about experimental studies is not correct?
a. The exposure or treatment is not controlled by the investigator
b. The person doing the research controls the exposure
c. Study participants are usually randomly assigned to comparison groups
d. A treatment and its side effects are evaluated - correct answer ✔✔a. The exposure or treatment is not
controlled by the investigator
In an experimental study, I'm selecting controls by assigning people admitted to the hospital on Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday to treatment group A, and those admitted on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday to
treatment group B. This selection of study subjects is:
a. Non-randomized
b. Randomized
c. Not easy to manipulate
d. One that eliminates selection bias - correct answer ✔✔a. Non-randomized
An analysis that includes all subjects who were randomized to the treatment and comparison groups,
regardless of whether they received or completed their assigned study protocol, is:
a. Run-in period
b. Efficacy Analysis
c. Intent-to-treat analysis
d. Comparability - correct answer ✔✔c. Intent-to-treat analysis
,I'm conducting a randomized trial and it is essential that my two groups are comparable by age and
gender. The best way to ensure that this happens is to:
a. Randomly assign subjects to treatment groups from the whole population
b. Personally choose exactly which people will be in each treatment group
c. Assign all the women to the treatment group and all the men to the comparison group
d. Stratify by age and gender before randomizing - correct answer ✔✔d. Stratify by age and gender
before randomizing
An experimental study was conducted among adults with Type 2 diabetes in order to determine if a new
medication was more effective in reducing blood glucose levels than the currently used medication.
What type of experimental study is this?
a. Individual preventive
b. Individual therapeutic
c. Community preventive
d. Community therapeutic - correct answer ✔✔b. Individual therapeutic
The Health Professionals Cohort Study began in 2005 in order to evaluate a series of hypotheses about
men's health relating nutritional factors to the incidence of serious illnesses such as cancer, heart
disease, and other vascular diseases. Every two years, members of the study will receive surveys with
questions about diseases and health-related topics like smoking, physical activity, and medications taken.
The surveys that ask detailed dietary information will be administered in four-year intervals. What kind
of cohort study is this?
a. Ambidirectional
b. Prospective
c. Experimental
d. Retrospective - correct answer ✔✔b. Prospective
Answer "yes" or "no" to state whether a cohort study is best suited for each of the following scenarios:
, a. When little is known about a rare exposure:
b. When little is known about a rare disease:
c. When the study population will be difficult to follow:
d. When you want to learn about multiple effects of an exposure: - correct answer ✔✔a. Yes
b. No
c. No
d. Yes
T/F: The ideal comparison group in a cohort study would, if possible, consist of exactly the same
individuals in the exposed group had they not been exposed. - correct answer ✔✔True
A current study that examines lead exposure and prenatal outcomes in a group of women from 1960 to
1980 would be considered what type of cohort study?
a. Retrospective cohort study
b. Prospective cohort study
c. Ambidirectional cohort study
d. Concurrent cohort study - correct answer ✔✔a. Retrospective cohort study
It is critical to reduce loss to follow up as much as possible in a cohort study because:
a. Loss to follow-up is a waste of money
b. Loss to follow-up will affect the reputation of the researcher
c. Loss to follow-up can affect the validity of a study - correct answer ✔✔c. Loss to follow-up can affect
the validity of a study
You are leading a research team to study the association between infection with Human Papillomavirus
(HPV) and the development of oral cancer in Florida. You opt to carry out a case-control study. Which of
the following is an advantage of this study design over a cohort study?
verified solutions/passed
Which of the following statements about experimental studies is not correct?
a. The exposure or treatment is not controlled by the investigator
b. The person doing the research controls the exposure
c. Study participants are usually randomly assigned to comparison groups
d. A treatment and its side effects are evaluated - correct answer ✔✔a. The exposure or treatment is not
controlled by the investigator
In an experimental study, I'm selecting controls by assigning people admitted to the hospital on Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday to treatment group A, and those admitted on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday to
treatment group B. This selection of study subjects is:
a. Non-randomized
b. Randomized
c. Not easy to manipulate
d. One that eliminates selection bias - correct answer ✔✔a. Non-randomized
An analysis that includes all subjects who were randomized to the treatment and comparison groups,
regardless of whether they received or completed their assigned study protocol, is:
a. Run-in period
b. Efficacy Analysis
c. Intent-to-treat analysis
d. Comparability - correct answer ✔✔c. Intent-to-treat analysis
,I'm conducting a randomized trial and it is essential that my two groups are comparable by age and
gender. The best way to ensure that this happens is to:
a. Randomly assign subjects to treatment groups from the whole population
b. Personally choose exactly which people will be in each treatment group
c. Assign all the women to the treatment group and all the men to the comparison group
d. Stratify by age and gender before randomizing - correct answer ✔✔d. Stratify by age and gender
before randomizing
An experimental study was conducted among adults with Type 2 diabetes in order to determine if a new
medication was more effective in reducing blood glucose levels than the currently used medication.
What type of experimental study is this?
a. Individual preventive
b. Individual therapeutic
c. Community preventive
d. Community therapeutic - correct answer ✔✔b. Individual therapeutic
The Health Professionals Cohort Study began in 2005 in order to evaluate a series of hypotheses about
men's health relating nutritional factors to the incidence of serious illnesses such as cancer, heart
disease, and other vascular diseases. Every two years, members of the study will receive surveys with
questions about diseases and health-related topics like smoking, physical activity, and medications taken.
The surveys that ask detailed dietary information will be administered in four-year intervals. What kind
of cohort study is this?
a. Ambidirectional
b. Prospective
c. Experimental
d. Retrospective - correct answer ✔✔b. Prospective
Answer "yes" or "no" to state whether a cohort study is best suited for each of the following scenarios:
, a. When little is known about a rare exposure:
b. When little is known about a rare disease:
c. When the study population will be difficult to follow:
d. When you want to learn about multiple effects of an exposure: - correct answer ✔✔a. Yes
b. No
c. No
d. Yes
T/F: The ideal comparison group in a cohort study would, if possible, consist of exactly the same
individuals in the exposed group had they not been exposed. - correct answer ✔✔True
A current study that examines lead exposure and prenatal outcomes in a group of women from 1960 to
1980 would be considered what type of cohort study?
a. Retrospective cohort study
b. Prospective cohort study
c. Ambidirectional cohort study
d. Concurrent cohort study - correct answer ✔✔a. Retrospective cohort study
It is critical to reduce loss to follow up as much as possible in a cohort study because:
a. Loss to follow-up is a waste of money
b. Loss to follow-up will affect the reputation of the researcher
c. Loss to follow-up can affect the validity of a study - correct answer ✔✔c. Loss to follow-up can affect
the validity of a study
You are leading a research team to study the association between infection with Human Papillomavirus
(HPV) and the development of oral cancer in Florida. You opt to carry out a case-control study. Which of
the following is an advantage of this study design over a cohort study?
