PHC 6001 EXAM 2 questions with
complete solutions
public health - correct answer ✔✔the health of society;
combination of sciences, skills and beliefs directed to the maintenance and improvement of the health
of all the people through collective or societal actions. Aims to protect, promote, and restore the health
of the population.
preventative - correct answer ✔✔public health focus is....... rather than curative
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔is a population based science often described as the science of public
health;
study of the *distributions and determinants* of *health-related states or events* in *human
populations*
epidemiology assumptions - correct answer ✔✔health related states do not occur at random; therefore
causal and preventative factors can be identified by *systematic* investigation of a population utilizing
epidemiologic tools.
health related states - correct answer ✔✔do not occur at random and are influenced by not only genetic
and environmental factors but also by their interactions (epidemiologic assumptions)
population - correct answer ✔✔a group of individuals
population experience - correct answer ✔✔individuals moving through time
population cross section - correct answer ✔✔individuals at a point in time
primary, secondary and tertiary - correct answer ✔✔prevention is the orientation of public health and
contains these three types
,primary - correct answer ✔✔preventing the transfer of injury from occurring at all or at rates sustainable
without causing damage to the body
secondary - correct answer ✔✔mitigating the transfer of energy such that the amount of energy
transferred causees less severe damage to the body
tertiary - correct answer ✔✔treating and rehabilitating injury to lessen long-term negative outcomes
herd immunity - correct answer ✔✔occurs when a group of people are resistant to an attack by a
disease because a large proportion of the members of the group are immune; i.e. the transmission of
the infectious agent is disrupted due to an inadequate number of susceptible hosts.
core functions of public health - correct answer ✔✔assessment, policy development, assurance
epidemiologic methods - correct answer ✔✔contribute to *assessment* but also identify and evaluate
tools for *assurance* and inform *policy development* (core functions of public health)
surveillance - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "What is the problem?" (1st of the Public health approach steps
from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem ----------------------------> Response
ongoing, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of outcome-specific data for use in the
planning, implementation and evaluation of public health practice
-Recognizes *temporal changes*
-Evaluate *effectiveness* of *prevention programs*
risk factor identification - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "What is the cause?" (2nd of the public health
approach steps from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem --------------------------------->Response
, intervention and evaluation - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "What works?" (3rd of the public health approach
steps from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem -------------------------------> Response
implementation - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "How do you do it?" (4th of the public health approach steps
from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem ----------------------------------> Response
frequency, distribution, determinants, control/prevention - correct answer ✔✔epidemiological tools of
health related states and events (4)
epidemiologic objectives - correct answer ✔✔1. Determine distribution
2. Study natural history and prognosis
3. Identify etiology
4. Evaluate existing and new preventative and therapeutic measures and modes of health care delivery
5. Provide foundation for developing public policy
prevented or mitigated - correct answer ✔✔epi findings are often pursued such that future health
related states can be ____________ or ____________.
disease - correct answer ✔✔often the health related states of interest in epidemiologic investigations.
Refers to physiologic or psychologic dysfunction and include:
1. Communicable and non-communicable
2. Acute or Chronic
host agent Triad of Disease - correct answer ✔✔risk of sustaining a health related outcome is influenced
by the complex interaction between a ____________ and the ___________ within the physical and
social environment aka as the _________________ _____ _________
endemic - correct answer ✔✔disease occurence that is a *usual* or *constant* presence in a
geographic area or population.
complete solutions
public health - correct answer ✔✔the health of society;
combination of sciences, skills and beliefs directed to the maintenance and improvement of the health
of all the people through collective or societal actions. Aims to protect, promote, and restore the health
of the population.
preventative - correct answer ✔✔public health focus is....... rather than curative
epidemiology - correct answer ✔✔is a population based science often described as the science of public
health;
study of the *distributions and determinants* of *health-related states or events* in *human
populations*
epidemiology assumptions - correct answer ✔✔health related states do not occur at random; therefore
causal and preventative factors can be identified by *systematic* investigation of a population utilizing
epidemiologic tools.
health related states - correct answer ✔✔do not occur at random and are influenced by not only genetic
and environmental factors but also by their interactions (epidemiologic assumptions)
population - correct answer ✔✔a group of individuals
population experience - correct answer ✔✔individuals moving through time
population cross section - correct answer ✔✔individuals at a point in time
primary, secondary and tertiary - correct answer ✔✔prevention is the orientation of public health and
contains these three types
,primary - correct answer ✔✔preventing the transfer of injury from occurring at all or at rates sustainable
without causing damage to the body
secondary - correct answer ✔✔mitigating the transfer of energy such that the amount of energy
transferred causees less severe damage to the body
tertiary - correct answer ✔✔treating and rehabilitating injury to lessen long-term negative outcomes
herd immunity - correct answer ✔✔occurs when a group of people are resistant to an attack by a
disease because a large proportion of the members of the group are immune; i.e. the transmission of
the infectious agent is disrupted due to an inadequate number of susceptible hosts.
core functions of public health - correct answer ✔✔assessment, policy development, assurance
epidemiologic methods - correct answer ✔✔contribute to *assessment* but also identify and evaluate
tools for *assurance* and inform *policy development* (core functions of public health)
surveillance - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "What is the problem?" (1st of the Public health approach steps
from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem ----------------------------> Response
ongoing, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of outcome-specific data for use in the
planning, implementation and evaluation of public health practice
-Recognizes *temporal changes*
-Evaluate *effectiveness* of *prevention programs*
risk factor identification - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "What is the cause?" (2nd of the public health
approach steps from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem --------------------------------->Response
, intervention and evaluation - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "What works?" (3rd of the public health approach
steps from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem -------------------------------> Response
implementation - correct answer ✔✔Asks: "How do you do it?" (4th of the public health approach steps
from CDC) spectrum from:
Problem ----------------------------------> Response
frequency, distribution, determinants, control/prevention - correct answer ✔✔epidemiological tools of
health related states and events (4)
epidemiologic objectives - correct answer ✔✔1. Determine distribution
2. Study natural history and prognosis
3. Identify etiology
4. Evaluate existing and new preventative and therapeutic measures and modes of health care delivery
5. Provide foundation for developing public policy
prevented or mitigated - correct answer ✔✔epi findings are often pursued such that future health
related states can be ____________ or ____________.
disease - correct answer ✔✔often the health related states of interest in epidemiologic investigations.
Refers to physiologic or psychologic dysfunction and include:
1. Communicable and non-communicable
2. Acute or Chronic
host agent Triad of Disease - correct answer ✔✔risk of sustaining a health related outcome is influenced
by the complex interaction between a ____________ and the ___________ within the physical and
social environment aka as the _________________ _____ _________
endemic - correct answer ✔✔disease occurence that is a *usual* or *constant* presence in a
geographic area or population.
