©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
PNB 2274 Lab Practical 1 Exam Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Epithelial tissue - Ans:✔✔-form surface layer of body, line body cavities and hollow organs, constitute
gland tissue
Features of epithelia - Ans:✔✔-1) free apical surface
2) fixed basal surface
3) specialized intercellular junctions
4) basement membrane
4) avascular
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
5) have many sensory nerve endings
6) fast regeneration
functions of epithelia - Ans:✔✔-1) resist dehydration and injury
2) regulate permeability
3) secretion
4) monitor environment through sensory input to nervous system
classifications of epithelial tissue - Ans:✔✔-determined by number of cell layers (simple vs stratified) and
apical cell shape (squamous vs cuboidal vs columnar)
simple cuboidal epithelium - Ans:✔✔-found in kidney tubules, ducts of glands
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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
as tall as they are wide (so CUBE), central spherical nucleus
function: absorption and secretion
transitional epithelium - Ans:✔✔-a stratified epithelium that gives the impression of transitioning from
cuboidal (when relaxed) to squamous (when stretched)
-found in urinary tract
pseudostratified epithelium - Ans:✔✔-simple epithelium where all cells contact basal lamina but not all
cells reach apical surface
-nuclei are at different positions which gives impression of stratification
apical cell membrane specializations - Ans:✔✔-1) cilia: finger like motile projections
-help with movement
2) microvilli: serve to increase surface area
-found in epithelial cells involved in absorption
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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
3) keratin: protein that protects epithelial cells from damage or stress
-key structural material to our skin
simple cuboidal epithelium pic - Ans:✔✔-
simple squamous epithelium - Ans:✔✔-
simple columnar epithelium - Ans:✔✔-
psuedostratified epithelium - Ans:✔✔-
ocular micrometer - Ans:✔✔-measuring guide placed in one of the oculars of microscope
-used to measure heights of different types of epithelial cells
measuring heights of simple cuboidal and simple columnar - Ans:✔✔-measure cells from basal surface
to apical surface
measuring height of simple squamous - Ans:✔✔-need to find simple squamous cell in cross section and
then measure it
functions of connective tissue - Ans:✔✔-1) structural support
2) binding organs of the body
Page 4/45
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
PNB 2274 Lab Practical 1 Exam Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Epithelial tissue - Ans:✔✔-form surface layer of body, line body cavities and hollow organs, constitute
gland tissue
Features of epithelia - Ans:✔✔-1) free apical surface
2) fixed basal surface
3) specialized intercellular junctions
4) basement membrane
4) avascular
Page 1/45
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
5) have many sensory nerve endings
6) fast regeneration
functions of epithelia - Ans:✔✔-1) resist dehydration and injury
2) regulate permeability
3) secretion
4) monitor environment through sensory input to nervous system
classifications of epithelial tissue - Ans:✔✔-determined by number of cell layers (simple vs stratified) and
apical cell shape (squamous vs cuboidal vs columnar)
simple cuboidal epithelium - Ans:✔✔-found in kidney tubules, ducts of glands
Page 2/45
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
as tall as they are wide (so CUBE), central spherical nucleus
function: absorption and secretion
transitional epithelium - Ans:✔✔-a stratified epithelium that gives the impression of transitioning from
cuboidal (when relaxed) to squamous (when stretched)
-found in urinary tract
pseudostratified epithelium - Ans:✔✔-simple epithelium where all cells contact basal lamina but not all
cells reach apical surface
-nuclei are at different positions which gives impression of stratification
apical cell membrane specializations - Ans:✔✔-1) cilia: finger like motile projections
-help with movement
2) microvilli: serve to increase surface area
-found in epithelial cells involved in absorption
Page 3/45
, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
3) keratin: protein that protects epithelial cells from damage or stress
-key structural material to our skin
simple cuboidal epithelium pic - Ans:✔✔-
simple squamous epithelium - Ans:✔✔-
simple columnar epithelium - Ans:✔✔-
psuedostratified epithelium - Ans:✔✔-
ocular micrometer - Ans:✔✔-measuring guide placed in one of the oculars of microscope
-used to measure heights of different types of epithelial cells
measuring heights of simple cuboidal and simple columnar - Ans:✔✔-measure cells from basal surface
to apical surface
measuring height of simple squamous - Ans:✔✔-need to find simple squamous cell in cross section and
then measure it
functions of connective tissue - Ans:✔✔-1) structural support
2) binding organs of the body
Page 4/45
