Health Assessment Final Exam (Study
Guide Questions and correct answers)
A nurse working in a hospital includes abdominal assessment as part of patient
assessment. In which patients would a nurse expect to find decreased or absent bowel
sounds after listening for 5 minutes? - A patient diagnosed WITH peritonitis. A patient
who is on prolonged bedrest. A patient who has paralytic ileus caused by surgery.
A patient that is complaining of joint pain that is on bed rest, what would you do to
provide comfort to them? - Apply heat for 15-20 minutes to area.
Abduction - Moving a limb away from the midline of the body.
Adduction - Moving a limb toward the midline of the body.
Ataxic gait - Staggering. Uncoordinated movements, wide base, movements are
exaggerated when they walk.
Atrophic vaginitis - S: Postmenopausal vaginal itching, dryness, burning sensation,
dyspareunia, mucoid discharge (may be flecked with blood), postcoital bleeding.
Symptoms occur gradually due to thinning of epithelial layers.
O: Pale, dry mucosa with abraded areas that bleed easily, decreased rugae; may have
bloody discharge. Decrease in usual shiny vaginal secretions. Vagina may be shortened
and narrowed; cervix may be less protuberant.25 Estrogen normally keeps tissues thick,
moist, rugated, and glycogen rich; so loss of estrogen creates signs and increases risk
for trauma and infection.
Auscultation the abdomen is begun in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) because? - Bowel
sounds are always normaly present here.
Bacterial Vaginosis - S: Profuse discharge, "constant wetness" with "foul, fishy, rotten"
odor.
O: Thin, creamy, gray-white, malodorous discharge. No inflammation on vaginal wall or
cervix because this is a surface parasite. Vaginal pH >4.5. Microscopic view of saline
wet mount specimen shows typical "clue cells" (epithelial cells with stippled borders).
Sniff for fishy odor after adding KOH to slide ("whiff test"). These signs are termed
Amsel criteria.
, Before you do an exam on a male or female, what's the first question you ask them? -
Do you need to use the restroom?
breast changes over the life span -
Bruit - Blowing and swishing; Abnormal sound heard through a stethoscope.
BSE - -Lie down. Press the 3 middle fingers in a circular motion and use 3 levels of
pressure. Follow an up and down pattern.
- Sit up. Examine underarm with arm slightly raised.
-Note surface changes with hands pushed on hips, shoulders hunched.
Candidiasis - S: Intense pruritus; thick, whitish, clumpy discharge.
O: Vulva and vagina are erythematous and edematous. Discharge is usually thick,
white, curdy, "like cottage cheese," not malodorous. Microscopic examination of
discharge on KOH wet mount shows branched hyphae.
Causes: Recent use of antibiotics, some oral contraceptives, uncontrolled or
undiagnosed diabetes, douching that disrupts normal flora balance, wearing tight or
nylon underwear, pregnancy with increased glycogen, more alkaline vaginal pH as in
menses, postpartum, or menopause.
Chlamydia - S: Minimal or no symptoms. May have urinary frequency, dysuria, vaginal
discharge, postcoital bleeding.
O: May have yellow or green mucopurulent discharge, friable cervix, cervical motion
tenderness. Signs are subtle, easily mistaken for gonorrhea. If untreated or mistreated,
chlamydia can ascend to cause PID and result in infertility. A common STI; the highest
prevalence is among sexually active adolescents. Urine chlamydia testing using nucleic
acid amplification tests (NAAT) is a noninvasive method to screen. Use a single urine
specimen to detect both pregnancy and chlamydia.
Circumcision - Gonco where they place a bell on the tip of the penis to extract the skin.
Condylomata Acuminate - -HPV (genital warts)
-Virus can appear in various forms when affecting cervical epithelium. Here warty
growth appears as abnormal thickened white epithelium. Visibility of lesion is enhanced
by acetic acid (vinegar) wash, which dissolves mucus and temporarily causes
intracellular dehydration and coagulation of protein. Must be treated or may progress to
cervical cancer (see Cervical Cancer).
Consistency of stool should be? - Brown, formed, and soft and sinks.
Contractures - Tendons and muscles that are shrinking.
Describe hyperactive bowel sounds... - High pitched
Guide Questions and correct answers)
A nurse working in a hospital includes abdominal assessment as part of patient
assessment. In which patients would a nurse expect to find decreased or absent bowel
sounds after listening for 5 minutes? - A patient diagnosed WITH peritonitis. A patient
who is on prolonged bedrest. A patient who has paralytic ileus caused by surgery.
A patient that is complaining of joint pain that is on bed rest, what would you do to
provide comfort to them? - Apply heat for 15-20 minutes to area.
Abduction - Moving a limb away from the midline of the body.
Adduction - Moving a limb toward the midline of the body.
Ataxic gait - Staggering. Uncoordinated movements, wide base, movements are
exaggerated when they walk.
Atrophic vaginitis - S: Postmenopausal vaginal itching, dryness, burning sensation,
dyspareunia, mucoid discharge (may be flecked with blood), postcoital bleeding.
Symptoms occur gradually due to thinning of epithelial layers.
O: Pale, dry mucosa with abraded areas that bleed easily, decreased rugae; may have
bloody discharge. Decrease in usual shiny vaginal secretions. Vagina may be shortened
and narrowed; cervix may be less protuberant.25 Estrogen normally keeps tissues thick,
moist, rugated, and glycogen rich; so loss of estrogen creates signs and increases risk
for trauma and infection.
Auscultation the abdomen is begun in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) because? - Bowel
sounds are always normaly present here.
Bacterial Vaginosis - S: Profuse discharge, "constant wetness" with "foul, fishy, rotten"
odor.
O: Thin, creamy, gray-white, malodorous discharge. No inflammation on vaginal wall or
cervix because this is a surface parasite. Vaginal pH >4.5. Microscopic view of saline
wet mount specimen shows typical "clue cells" (epithelial cells with stippled borders).
Sniff for fishy odor after adding KOH to slide ("whiff test"). These signs are termed
Amsel criteria.
, Before you do an exam on a male or female, what's the first question you ask them? -
Do you need to use the restroom?
breast changes over the life span -
Bruit - Blowing and swishing; Abnormal sound heard through a stethoscope.
BSE - -Lie down. Press the 3 middle fingers in a circular motion and use 3 levels of
pressure. Follow an up and down pattern.
- Sit up. Examine underarm with arm slightly raised.
-Note surface changes with hands pushed on hips, shoulders hunched.
Candidiasis - S: Intense pruritus; thick, whitish, clumpy discharge.
O: Vulva and vagina are erythematous and edematous. Discharge is usually thick,
white, curdy, "like cottage cheese," not malodorous. Microscopic examination of
discharge on KOH wet mount shows branched hyphae.
Causes: Recent use of antibiotics, some oral contraceptives, uncontrolled or
undiagnosed diabetes, douching that disrupts normal flora balance, wearing tight or
nylon underwear, pregnancy with increased glycogen, more alkaline vaginal pH as in
menses, postpartum, or menopause.
Chlamydia - S: Minimal or no symptoms. May have urinary frequency, dysuria, vaginal
discharge, postcoital bleeding.
O: May have yellow or green mucopurulent discharge, friable cervix, cervical motion
tenderness. Signs are subtle, easily mistaken for gonorrhea. If untreated or mistreated,
chlamydia can ascend to cause PID and result in infertility. A common STI; the highest
prevalence is among sexually active adolescents. Urine chlamydia testing using nucleic
acid amplification tests (NAAT) is a noninvasive method to screen. Use a single urine
specimen to detect both pregnancy and chlamydia.
Circumcision - Gonco where they place a bell on the tip of the penis to extract the skin.
Condylomata Acuminate - -HPV (genital warts)
-Virus can appear in various forms when affecting cervical epithelium. Here warty
growth appears as abnormal thickened white epithelium. Visibility of lesion is enhanced
by acetic acid (vinegar) wash, which dissolves mucus and temporarily causes
intracellular dehydration and coagulation of protein. Must be treated or may progress to
cervical cancer (see Cervical Cancer).
Consistency of stool should be? - Brown, formed, and soft and sinks.
Contractures - Tendons and muscles that are shrinking.
Describe hyperactive bowel sounds... - High pitched
