NUR 351 Exam Notes fully solved
WEEK 8 - correct answer ✔✔DIVERSITY - LECTURE
"Culture Specific" Approach to Defining Culture - correct answer ✔✔Learn about the other.
Useful to learn about populations to have a basic pattern/picture in mind.
Downfalls: "othering", not an individualized approach, levels of adherence to cultural norms vary among
individuals (like does not equal like)
"Culture General" Approach to Defining Culture - correct answer ✔✔Learn from the other.
Accepts individual cultural differences.
Downfalls: places the burden on that person, you interpret based on your own lens, sometimes difficult
for a person to express what their culture is to them
"Anti-racism/social justice" Approach to Defining Culture - correct answer ✔✔Thinks about structural
issues, challenges status quo and discrimination (systemic issues)
Downfall: tough to bring it down to the individual, unclear how to apply this to a patient.
Culture is not a barrier to overcome, it is a leverage point - correct answer ✔✔Do not have to belong to
the same cultural background to share overlapping values.
Why is an appreciation of culture so important in nursing? - correct answer ✔✔We need to understand
it because we need to work with it (everyone has a culture)
Standards-based care has been shown to result in poor outcomes for minorities
In terms of access to health care, significant inequities exist with regards to how people access and
experience these services
,Cultural competence - correct answer ✔✔About professionalism, life long learning commitment (not an
end point). An ability to navigate cultural issues.
A call to action to recognize and incorporate into care varying worldviews, patient preferences and the
dynamics of difference in order to reduce inequalities in healthcare.
Cultural safetey - correct answer ✔✔Goal is to promote greater equity
Cultural sensitivity - correct answer ✔✔Awareness of cultural similarities and differences without
assigning a value, less about action.
Would a S. Asian patient receive better care from a S. Asian HCP? - correct answer ✔✔No.
Can have over lapping values.
It would decrease capacity of other HCPs to learn to give best care to that person and have a cultural
learning experience
Can be stigmas within a culture so can actually hurt quality of care in some instances
Good clinical care - correct answer ✔✔About the individual, should include cultural competence
Equality - correct answer ✔✔Treat everyone the same. Equal allocation.
Equity - correct answer ✔✔Needs-based. Customize for outcome - everyone should have the same shot
at a best possible outcome.
More value added per resource expenditure, lowers expenditure.
*Picture of people standing on boxes and the tall and short person have different sized boxes so that that
are both the same height.
Health Equity - correct answer ✔✔Aims to decrease avoidable differences in health between groups by:
decreasing the impact of the social determinants of health or
,improving services
Health Equity Impact Assessment - correct answer ✔✔Ensures the provision of equitable care.
Policy level tool to draw on when designing interventions to assess how it will reach or serve a number
of communities.
Commonly
Understood
Learned
Traditions
Unconcious
Rules of
Engagement - correct answer ✔✔
ABCs of Cultural Competence - correct answer ✔✔Affective lens
Behavioural lens
Cognitive lens
+ Dynamics of difference
Environment & Equity
Affective lens/domain - correct answer ✔✔Reflects an awareness of and sensitivity to cultural values,
needs and biases
CULTURAL AWARENESS + SENSITIVITY
Requires openness and critical self-reflection
Behavioural lens/domain - correct answer ✔✔Reflects skills required to be effective in cross-cultural
encounters
*Most important @ 'establishment' phase of the relationship
, Cognitive lens/domain - correct answer ✔✔Involves cultural knowledge and understanding of theory,
research and cross cultural approaches to care
Dynamics of difference - correct answer ✔✔Understanding the impact of systemic oppression,
discrimination and racism and priviledge
Equity and environment - correct answer ✔✔Role of the practice setting in promoting/supporting care
Culture Care Model for Decision Making - correct answer ✔✔1. Validation/preservation
2. Negotiation/accomodation
3. Repatterning/reframing
Preservation/validation - correct answer ✔✔Encourages HCPs to determine the values and practices
important to the client; acknowledges these values and preferences; and where possible, work with
these values as a foundation for mutual goal setting.
Negotiation/accomodation - correct answer ✔✔HCP actions that help people from one culture adapt to
or negotiate with others for meaningful and beneficial health outcomes.
"What would it take to ___ " - the blank is filled with a client's need
Repatterning/reframing - correct answer ✔✔The need to challenge pre-concieved ideas in order to
discover new meanings and patterns
Reframing = the ability to see things differently
Repatterning = doing things differently
Applies to clients and to HCPs
Facilitating a change in client viewpoint is not the same as imposing one's own values and beliefs.
WEEK 8 - correct answer ✔✔DIVERSITY - LECTURE
"Culture Specific" Approach to Defining Culture - correct answer ✔✔Learn about the other.
Useful to learn about populations to have a basic pattern/picture in mind.
Downfalls: "othering", not an individualized approach, levels of adherence to cultural norms vary among
individuals (like does not equal like)
"Culture General" Approach to Defining Culture - correct answer ✔✔Learn from the other.
Accepts individual cultural differences.
Downfalls: places the burden on that person, you interpret based on your own lens, sometimes difficult
for a person to express what their culture is to them
"Anti-racism/social justice" Approach to Defining Culture - correct answer ✔✔Thinks about structural
issues, challenges status quo and discrimination (systemic issues)
Downfall: tough to bring it down to the individual, unclear how to apply this to a patient.
Culture is not a barrier to overcome, it is a leverage point - correct answer ✔✔Do not have to belong to
the same cultural background to share overlapping values.
Why is an appreciation of culture so important in nursing? - correct answer ✔✔We need to understand
it because we need to work with it (everyone has a culture)
Standards-based care has been shown to result in poor outcomes for minorities
In terms of access to health care, significant inequities exist with regards to how people access and
experience these services
,Cultural competence - correct answer ✔✔About professionalism, life long learning commitment (not an
end point). An ability to navigate cultural issues.
A call to action to recognize and incorporate into care varying worldviews, patient preferences and the
dynamics of difference in order to reduce inequalities in healthcare.
Cultural safetey - correct answer ✔✔Goal is to promote greater equity
Cultural sensitivity - correct answer ✔✔Awareness of cultural similarities and differences without
assigning a value, less about action.
Would a S. Asian patient receive better care from a S. Asian HCP? - correct answer ✔✔No.
Can have over lapping values.
It would decrease capacity of other HCPs to learn to give best care to that person and have a cultural
learning experience
Can be stigmas within a culture so can actually hurt quality of care in some instances
Good clinical care - correct answer ✔✔About the individual, should include cultural competence
Equality - correct answer ✔✔Treat everyone the same. Equal allocation.
Equity - correct answer ✔✔Needs-based. Customize for outcome - everyone should have the same shot
at a best possible outcome.
More value added per resource expenditure, lowers expenditure.
*Picture of people standing on boxes and the tall and short person have different sized boxes so that that
are both the same height.
Health Equity - correct answer ✔✔Aims to decrease avoidable differences in health between groups by:
decreasing the impact of the social determinants of health or
,improving services
Health Equity Impact Assessment - correct answer ✔✔Ensures the provision of equitable care.
Policy level tool to draw on when designing interventions to assess how it will reach or serve a number
of communities.
Commonly
Understood
Learned
Traditions
Unconcious
Rules of
Engagement - correct answer ✔✔
ABCs of Cultural Competence - correct answer ✔✔Affective lens
Behavioural lens
Cognitive lens
+ Dynamics of difference
Environment & Equity
Affective lens/domain - correct answer ✔✔Reflects an awareness of and sensitivity to cultural values,
needs and biases
CULTURAL AWARENESS + SENSITIVITY
Requires openness and critical self-reflection
Behavioural lens/domain - correct answer ✔✔Reflects skills required to be effective in cross-cultural
encounters
*Most important @ 'establishment' phase of the relationship
, Cognitive lens/domain - correct answer ✔✔Involves cultural knowledge and understanding of theory,
research and cross cultural approaches to care
Dynamics of difference - correct answer ✔✔Understanding the impact of systemic oppression,
discrimination and racism and priviledge
Equity and environment - correct answer ✔✔Role of the practice setting in promoting/supporting care
Culture Care Model for Decision Making - correct answer ✔✔1. Validation/preservation
2. Negotiation/accomodation
3. Repatterning/reframing
Preservation/validation - correct answer ✔✔Encourages HCPs to determine the values and practices
important to the client; acknowledges these values and preferences; and where possible, work with
these values as a foundation for mutual goal setting.
Negotiation/accomodation - correct answer ✔✔HCP actions that help people from one culture adapt to
or negotiate with others for meaningful and beneficial health outcomes.
"What would it take to ___ " - the blank is filled with a client's need
Repatterning/reframing - correct answer ✔✔The need to challenge pre-concieved ideas in order to
discover new meanings and patterns
Reframing = the ability to see things differently
Repatterning = doing things differently
Applies to clients and to HCPs
Facilitating a change in client viewpoint is not the same as imposing one's own values and beliefs.
